The History of Doctrinal Classification in Chinese Buddhism A Study of the Panjiao System

by Mun, Chanju

• ISBN13: 9780761833529
• ISBN10: 0761833528
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-12-12
• Publisher: UPA

Summary

This book examines the schemes for the classification of Buddhist texts and doctrines from their beginnings in the 5th century to Fazang (643-712). The panjiao schemes were one of the ways that Chinese Buddhist thinkers ordered and systematized the diversity of Buddhist thought. This book theorizes that there are two styles of panjiao schema: sectarian and ecumenical and, through citations and allusions to schema in later presentations, suggests the existence of an interactive relationship between the two styles.

Author Biography

Chanju Mun is an Adjunct Professor of Buddhist Studies at the university of the West in Rosemead, California.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	xi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS	xv
INTRODUCTION	xvii
1. Main themes	xvii
2. Critical review of previous modern research	xxv
ABBREVIATIONS	xxxv
PART 1. Early panjiao systems The Southern and Northern Dynasties (386-589)	1	(102)
Chapter 1. Kumarajiva's (344-412) panjiao systems	9	(8)
1. The panjiao systems	9	(2)
2. The comments by later panjiao scholars	11	(6)
Chapter 2. Sengrui's (352-436) panjiao systems	17	(4)
Chapter 3. Daosheng's (d. 434) panjiao systems	21	(4)
Chapter 4. Dharmaksema's (385-433) panjiao systems	25	(4)
1. The full teaching and the half teaching	25	(2)
2. The sudden teaching and the gradual teaching	27	(2)
Chapter 5. Huiguan's (d. 453) panjiao systems	29	(8)
Chapter 6. Liu Qiu's (436-495) panjiao systems	37	(12)
Chapter 7. Bodhiruci's (d.527)panjiao systems	49	(14)
1. One voice teaching	49	(6)
2. The half teaching and the full teaching	55	(8)
Chapter 8. Huiguang's (468-537) panjiao systems	63	(10)
1. Four tenets	63	(2)
2. Three teachings	65	(8)
Chapter 9. Fayun's (476-529) panjiao systems	73	(10)
1. The panjiao systems	73	(5)
2. The comments by later panjiao scholars	78	(5)
Chapter 10. Paramartha's (499-569) panjiao systems	83	(6)
1. Three dharmic wheels	83	(3)
2. Four period teachings	86	(3)
Chapter 11. Tanyin's (d.u.)panjiao systems	89	(4)
Chapter 12. Zigui's (d.u.) panjiao system	93	(4)
Chapter 13. Anlin's (507-583) panjiao systems	97	(6)
PART 2. The panjiao systems of the Sui (581-618) Dynasty	103	(118)
Chapter 14. Huidan's (d.u.) panjiao systems	107	(8)
Chapter 15. Huiyuan's (523-592) panjiao systems	115	(8)
1. Criticism of previous sectarian panjiao systems	117	(1)
2. Two canons	118	(1)
3. Four tenets	119	(4)
Chapter 16. Zhiyi's (538-597) panjiao systems	123	(46)
1. Che'gwan's (fl. the 10th century) panjiao systems	124	(6)
2. Disputes on Tiantai panjiao systems in modern Japan	130	(8)
3. The Lotus Sidra	138	(3)
4. Three dharmic forms	141	(8)
4.1. The sudden teaching 14I
4.2. The gradual teaching	145	(1)
4.3. The indeterminate teaching	146	(3)
5. Five periods and five tastes	149	(2)
6. Two kinds of four Teachings	151	(3)
7. The comments by later panjiao scholars	154	(15)
Chapter 17. Dharmagupta's (d. 619) panjiao systems	169	(4)
Chapter 18. Jizang's (549-623) panjiao systems	173	(48)
1. Criticism of previous sectarian panjiao systems	174	(7)
1.1. Contradictory scriptural statements	174	(1)
1.2. Four tenets	175	(1)
1.3. Three teachings	176	(5)
1.3.1. The sudden teaching	176	(3)
1.3.2. The gradual teaching – Five period teachings	179	(2)
1.3.3. The indeterminate teaching	181	(1)
2. Two canons	181	(16)
2.1. Previous panjiao systemizers	181	(1)
2.2. Two canons	182	(15)
2.2.1. The esoteric aspect and the exoteric aspect	184	(1)
2.2.1.1. Two teachings	184	(1)
2.2.1.2. The application of two aspects	185	(4)
2.2.2. The central aspect and the marginal aspect	189	(1)
2.2.3. Four cultivations	190	(2)
2.2.4. Practitioners	192	(1)
2.2.4.1. Two sravakas	194	(1)
2.2.4.2. Two bodhisattvas	196	(1)
3. Three dharmic wheels	197	(11)
3.1. Criticism of previous sectarian panjiao systems	197	(3)
3.2. Three dharmic wheels	200	(71)
3.2.1. Three dharmic wheels	200	(3)
3.2.2. The position of the Lotus Sutra	203	(1)
3.2.2.1. The role of a mediator	203	(1)
3.2.2.2. The equalization of one vehicle with three vehicles	206	(2)
4. The incorporation of two canons into three dharmic wheels	208	(1)
5. The comments by later panjiao scholars	209	(12)
PART 3. The panjiao systems of early Tang Dynasty (618-907)	221	(94)
Chapter 19. Prabhakaramitra's (565-633) panjiao systems	229	(2)
Chapter 20. Famin's (579-645) panjiao systems	231	(8)
Chapter 21. Xuanzang's (602-664) panjiao systems	239	(8)
Chapter 22. Zhiyan's (602-668) panjiao systems	247	(24)
1. Three teachings	248	(5)
2. Vehicle classification	253	(4)
3. Five teachings	257	(3)
4. Two teachings	260	(11)
Chapter 23. Wonhyo's (617-686) panjiao systems	271	(26)
1. Criticism of previous sectarian panjiao scholars	271	(8)
1.1. The Yeolban jong'yo	271	(4)
1.2. The Daehyedo gyeong jong'yo	275	(2)
1.3. The Beophwa jong'yo	277	(2)
2. Four teachings	279	(22)
2.1. Fazang's first introduction	280	(5)
2.1.1. The Huayan teaching	281	(1)
2.1.2. Three vehicles	281	(2)
2.1.3. Relations between one vehicle and three vehicles	283	(1)
2.1.4. One vehicle	284	(1)
2.2. Huiyuan's introduction - The universal teaching	285	(3)
2.3. Chengguan's introduction	288	(9)
Chapter 24. Uisang's (625-702) panjiao systems	297	(4)
Chapter 25. Kuiji's (632-682)panjiao systems	301	(14)
1. Scriptural evidence	302	(1)
2. Disputes between Silabhadra (529-645) and Jñanaprabha (d.u.)	303	(1)
3. The panjiao systems	304	(19)
3.1. Three period teachings	304	(3)
3.2. Mahayana and non-Mahayana teachings	307	(2)
3.3. Eight tenets	309	(6)
PART 4. Fazang's (643-712) panjiao systems	315	(90)
Chapter 26. Two teachings	323	(10)
1. The identical teaching and the differentiated teaching	324	(3)
2. The provisional teaching and the ultimate teaching	327	(1)
3. The fundamental teaching and the derivative teaching	328	(5)
Chapter 27. Ten tenets	333	(4)
Chapter 28. Five teachings	337	(48)
1. Five teachings	339	(23)
1.1. The Hinayana teaching	339	(1)
1.1.1. Epistemology	339	(1)
1.1.2. Ontology	340	(1)
1.1.3. Soteriology	340	(1)
1.2. The elementary teaching	340	(5)
1.2.1. The Yogacara teaching	341	(1)
1.2.1.1. Epistemology	341	(1)
1.2.1.2. Soteriology	342	(1)
1.2.2. The Madhyamika teaching	343	(2)
1.3. The final teaching	345	(8)
1.3.1. Preliminary explanation	345	(3)
1.3.2. Epistemology	348	(1)
1.3.3. Soteriology	349	(1)
1.3.4. Ontology	350	(3)
1.4. The sudden teaching	353	(4)
1.4.1. Epistemology	355	(1)
1.4.2. Soteriology	355	(1)
1.4.3. Ontology	356	(1)
1.5. The perfect teaching	357	(5)
1.5.1. Preliminary explanation - Three natures	357	(3)
1.5.2. The perfect teaching	360	(1)
1.5.2.1. Epistemology	360	(1)
1.5.2.2. Soteriology	360	(1)
1.5.2.3. Ontology	361	(1)
2. The logical basis	362	(7)
2.1. One Mind	363	(1)
2.2. The Buddha nature	364	(1)
2.3. The absolute mind	365	(4)
3. Contradictions	369	(16)
3.1. The elementary teaching	369	(1)
3.2. The sudden teaching	369	(1)
3.3. The relationship between the final teaching and the perfect teaching	370	(15)
Chapter 29. Duality of the dhannadhatu causation	385	(10)
1. Preliminary explanations	385	(2)
2. The mutual origination of all existences	387	(3)
3. The perfect penetration of the existential nature	390	(2)
4. Contradictions between two bases	392	(3)
Chapter 30. Four tenets	395	(10)
1. Preliminary explanation	395	(2)
2. Four tenets	397	(8)
2.1. Epistemology	398	(1)
2.2. Soteriology	399	(1)
2.3. Ontology	400	(5)
CONCLUSIONS	405	(8)
GLOSSARY	413	(10)
BIBLIOGRAPHY	423	(28)
INDEX	451	(8)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR	459