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Robert C. Bast Jr, MD, Vice President for Translational Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Carlo M. Croce, MD, Distinguished University Professor, The John W. Wolfe Chair in Human Cancer Genetics, Professor and Chair, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
William Hait, MD, PhD, Global Head research and Development, Janssen pharmaceutical companies of Johnson and Johnson, NJ, USA
Waun Ki Hong, MD, DMSc, Professor of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, American Cancer Society Professor, Samsung Distinguished University Chair in Cancer Medicine Emeritus, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
Donald W. Kufe, MD, Distinguished Physician, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Professor of MedicineHarvard Medical School, Leader, Translational Pharmacology and Early Therapeutic Trials ProgramDana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
Martine Piccart-Gebhart MD PhD, Professor of Oncology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Head of the Medicine Department, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
Raphael E. Pollock, MD, PhD, FACS, Professor and Director, Division of Surgical Oncology, Surgeon in Chief, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Surgeon in Chief, The Ohio State University Health System, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
Ralph R. Weichselbaum, MD, Daniel K. Ludwig Professor Chair Dept of Radiology and Cellular Oncology University of Chicago Hospital Director Chicago Tumor Institute, IL, USA
Dr Hongyang Wang, Professor and Director, National Center for Liver Cancer, China; and Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
James F. Holland, MD, ScD (hc), Distinguished Professor of Neoplastic Diseases, Director Emeritus of Derald H.Rutttenberg Cancer Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
List of contributors xi
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments xxix
Part 1: INTRODUCTION
1 Cardinal manifestations of cancer 3James F. Holland, Waun Ki Hong,DonaldW. Kufe, Robert C. Bast Jr.,William N. Hait, Raphael E. Pollock, and Ralph R.Weichselbaum
2 Biological hallmarks of cancer 7Douglas Hanahan and Robert A.Weinberg
Part 2: TUMOR BIOLOGY
3 Molecular biology, genomics, proteomics, and mouse models of human cancer 19Srinivas R. Viswanathan,David A. Tuveson, and Matthew Meyerson
4 Oncogenes 47Marco A. Pierotti, Milo Frattini, Francesca Molinari, Gabriella Sozzi, and Carlo M. Croce
5 Tumor suppressor genes 67David Cosgrove, Ben Ho Park, and Bert Vogelstein
6 Epigenetic contributions to human cancer 85James G. Herman and Stephen B. Baylin
7 Cancer genomics and evolution 93William P. D. Hendricks, Aleksandar Sekulic, Alan H. Bryce, Muhammed Murtaza, Pilar Ramos, and Jeffrey M. Trent
8 Chromosomal aberrations in cancer 115David J. VanderWeele, Megan E. McNerney, and Michelle M. Le Beau
9 MicroRNA expression in cancer 131Serge Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Mario Acunzo, and Carlo M. Croce
10 Aberrant signaling pathways in cancer 137Luca Grumolato and Stuart A. Aaronson
11 Differentiation therapy 147Sai-Juan Chen, Xiao-Jing Yan, Guang-Biao Zhou, and Zhu Chen
12 Cancer stem cells 159Yadwinder S. Deol, Jill Granger, and Max S.Wicha
13 Cancer and cell death 167John C. Reed
14 Cancer cell immortality: targeting telomerase 179Ilgen Mender, Zeliha Gunnur Dikmen,Woodring E. Wright, and JerryW. Shay
15 Cancer metabolism 187Natalya N. Pavlova and Craig B.Thompson
16 Modeling therapy of late or early-stage metastatic disease in mice 199Robert S. Kerbel, Marta Paez-Ribes, ShanMan, Ping Xu, Eric Guerin,William Cruz-Munoz, and John M. L. Ebos
17 Tumor angiogenesis 207John V. Heymach, Amado Zurita-Saavedra, Scott Kopetz, Tina Cascone, and Monique Nilsson
Part 3: QUANTITATIVE ONCOLOGY
18 Cancer bioinformatics 233John N.Weinstein
19 Systems biology and genomics 247Saima Hassan, Laura M. Heiser, and JoeW. Gray
20 Statistical innovations in cancer research 255J. Jack Lee and Donald A. Berry
21 Biomarker-based clinical trial design in the era of genomic medicine 271Richard Simon and Martine Piccart-Gebhart
22 Clinical informatics 277Edward P. Ambinder
Part 4: CARCINOGENESIS
23 Chemical carcinogenesis 287Lorne J. Hofseth, AinsleyWeston, and Curtis C. Harris
24 Endocrine and genetic bases of hormone-related cancers 307Leslie Bernstein, Xia Pu, and Jian Gu
25 Ionizing radiation 321David J. Grdina
26 Ultraviolet radiation carcinogenesis 327James E. Cleaver, Susana Ortiz-Urda, Radhika Gulhar, Sarah T. Arron, Lionel Brookes 3rd, and David L.Mitchell
27 Inflammation and cancer 333Jelena Todoric, Atsushi Umemura, Koji Taniguchi, and Michael Karin
28 RNA tumor viruses 341Robert C. Gallo and Marvin S. Reitz
29 Herpesviruses 353Jeffrey I. Cohen
30 Papillomaviruses and cervical neoplasia 361Michael F. Herfs, Martin C. Chang, and Christopher P. Crum
31 Hepatitis viruses and hepatoma 367HongyangWang, Guangwen Cao, Jing Fu, and Guishuai Lv
32 Parasites 373Mervat Z. El Azzouni and Radwa G. Diab
Part 5: EPIDEMIOLOGY, PREVENTION AND DETECTION
33 The burden of cancer worldwide: current and future perspectives 383Jacques Ferlay, Christopher P.Wild, and Freddie Bray
34 Cancer epidemiology 399XifengWu, Xia Pu, Stephanie C. Melkonian, and Margaret R. Spitz
35 Behavioral approaches to cancer prevention 407Errol J. Philip and Jamie S. Ostroff
36 Diet and nutrition in the etiology and prevention of cancer 415Steven K. Clinton, Elizabeth M. Grainger, and Edward L. Giovannucci
37 Chemoprevention of cancer 433William N.William Jr.,Waun Ki Hong, and Scott M. Lippman
38 Cancer screening and early detection 439OtisW. Brawley
Part 6: CLINICAL DISCIPLINES
39 Nexgen pathology: predicting clinical course and targeting disease causation 459Carlos Cordon-Cardo and Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt
40 Molecular diagnostics in cancer 469Roshni D. Kalachand, Bryan T. Hennessy, Robert C. Bast Jr., and Gordon B. Mills
41 Principles of imaging 481Lawrence H. Schwartz
42 Interventional radiology for the cancer patient 483JudyU. Ahrar, Michael J. Wallace, and Rony Avritscher
43 Principles of surgical oncology 491Mark Bloomston, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Raphael E. Pollock, and Donald L. Morton (deceased)
44 Principles of radiation oncology 503Philip P. Connell and Ralph R.Weichselbaum
45 Principles of medical oncology 511WilliamN. Hait, James F. Holland, Emil Frei III (deceased), DonaldW. Kufe, Robert C. Bast Jr., and Waun Ki Hong
46 Palliative care and pain management 521Cardinale B. Smith
47 Principles of psycho-oncology 531Jimmie C. Holland and TaliaW.Wiesel
48 Principles of cancer rehabilitation medicine 537Michael D. Stubblefield, David C. Thomas, and Kristjan T. Ragnarsson
49 Integrative oncology in cancer care 543Gabriel Lopez, Richard T. Lee, Alejandro Chaoul, M. Kay Garcia, and Lorenzo Cohen
50 Health services research 549Michaela A. Dinan, Bradford R. Hirsch, and Amy Abernethy
Part 7: INDIVIDUALIZED TREATMENT
51 Personalized medicine in oncology drug development 561Nicholas C. Dracopoli, Iqbal Grewal, Chris H. Takimoto, and Peter F. Lebowitz
Part 8: CHEMOTHERAPY
52 Preclinical and early clinical development of chemotherapeutic drugs, mechanism-based agents and biologics 573Axel-R. Hanauske and Daniel D. Von Hoff
53 Tumor growth kinetics 589Elizabeth Comen, Teresa A. Gilewski, and Larry Norton
54 Principles of dose, schedule, and combination therapy 601William N. Hait and Joseph P. Eder
55 Pharmacology 613Manish R. Sharma and Mark J. Ratain
56 Folate antagonists 625Peter D. Cole, Lisa Figueiredo, and Joseph R. Bertino
57 Pyrimidine and purine antimetabolites 637Robert B. Diasio
58 Alkylating agents and platinum antitumor compounds 649Zahid H. Siddik
59 DNA topoisomerase targeting drugs 665AnishThomas, Susan Bates,WilliamD. Figg Sr, and Yves Pommier
60 Agents targeting microtubules and mitotic processes 679Eric K. Rowinsky
61 Endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer 713Aman U. Buzdar, Shaheenah Dawood, Harold A. Harvey, and Virgil Craig Jordan
62 Drug resistance and its clinical circumvention 733Jeffrey A.Moscow, KennethH. Cowan, and Branimir I. Sikic
Part 9: BIOLOGICAL AND GENE THERAPY
63 Cytokines, interferons, and hematopoietic growth factors 743Suhendan Ekmekcioglu and Elizabeth A. Grimm
64 Monoclonal serotherapy 757Robert C. Bast Jr., Michael R. Zalutsky, and Arthur E. Frankel
65 Vaccines and immunostimulants 777Jeffery Schlom, James L. Gulley, and JamesW. Hodge
66 Cell-based cancer immunotherapy 793Krina K. Patel, Judy S. Moyes, and Laurence J. Cooper
67 Cancer immunotherapy 801Padmanee Sharma, Sumit K. Subudhi, Karl Peggs, Sangeeta Goswami, Jianjun Gao, Sergio Quezada, and James P. Allison
68 Cancer gene therapy 817Haruko Tashiro and Malcolm Brenner
69 Cancer nanotechnology 825Yanlan Liu, Danny Liu, Jinjun Shi, and Robert S. Langer
70 Hematopoietic cell transplantation 831Roy Jones, Elizabeth Shpall, and Richard Champlin
Part 10: SPECIAL POPULATIONS
71 Principles of pediatric oncology 845Teena Bhatla andWilliam L. Carroll
72 Cancer and pregnancy 865Jennifer K. Litton
73 Cancer and aging 875ArtiHurria,Hyman B. Muss, and Harvey J. Cohen
74 Disparities in cancer care 883OtisW. Brawley
75 Neoplasms in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 891Jeremy S. Abramson and David T. Scadden
76 Cancer survivorship: new challenge in cancer medicine 909Julia H. Rowland
Part 11: DISEASE SITES
77 Primary and metastatic neoplasms of the brain in adults 919Lisa M. DeAngelis
78 Neoplasms of the eye 935Jasmine H. Francis, Amy C. Schefler, and David H. Abramson
79 Neoplasms of the endocrine glands: pituitary neoplasms 949Chirag D. Gandhi, Margaret Pain, and Kalmon D. Post
80 Neoplasms of the thyroid 959Steven I. Sherman, Maria E. Cabanillas, and Stephen Y. Lai
81 Neoplasms of the adrenal cortex 967Tito Fojo
82 Tumors of the diffuse neuroendocrine and gastroenteropancreatic system 971Evan Vosburgh
83 Neoplasms of the head and neck 981Renata Ferrarotto, Merrill S. Kies, Adam S. Garden, and Michael E. Kupferman
84 Cancer of the lung 1011Charles Lu, Daniel Morgensztern, Anne Chiang, Amir Onn, Boris Sepesi, Ara A. Vaporciyan, Joe Y. Chang, Ritsuko K. Komaki, Ignacio I. Wistuba, and Roy S. Herbst
85 Malignant pleural mesothelioma 1037Daniel R. Gomez, Anne S. Tsao, Haining Yang, and Harvey I. Pass
86 Thymomas and thymic tumors 1051Ronan J. Kelly and AlbertoM.Marchevsky
87 Tumors of the heart and great vessels 1063Anthony F. Yu, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, Carmen P. Escalante, Sarina van der Zee, A. P. Chahinian, and Valentin Fuster
88 Primary germ cell tumors of the thorax 1069John D. Hainsworth and F. Anthony Greco
89 Neoplasms of the esophagus 1075MaxW. Sung, Virginia R. Litle, Steven J. Chmura, Stephen G. Swisher, David C. Rice, Jaffer A. Ajani, Ritsuko K. Komaki, andMark K. Ferguson
90 Carcinoma of the stomach 1091Carl Schmidt, Mariela Blum Murphy, James C. Yao, and Christopher H. Crane
91 Primary neoplasms of the liver 1103Junichi Shindoh, KristofferW. Brudvik, and Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
92 Gallbladder and bile duct cancer 1115Ahmed O. Kaseb, Marc Uemura,Melanie B. Thomas, and Steven A. Curley
93 Neoplasms of the exocrine pancreas 1129Robert A.Wolff, Christopher H. Crane, Donghui Li, Douglas B. Evans, AnirbanMaitra, and Susan Tsai
94 Neoplasms of the small intestine, vermiform appendix, and peritoneum, and carcinoma of the colon and rectum 1151Georgia M. Beasley, Zhifei Sun, Daniel P. Nussbaum, and Douglas S. Tyler
95 Neoplasms of the anus 1177Bruce D. Minsky and Jose G. Guillem
96 Renal cell carcinoma 1187Earle F. Burgess, Stephen B. Riggs, Brian I. Rini, and Derek Raghavan
97 Urothelial cancer 1195Derek Raghavan, Richard Cote, Earle F. Burgess, Stephen B. Riggs, and Michael Haake
98 Neoplasms of the prostate 1205Christopher J. Logothetis, Jeri Kim, JohnW. Davis, Brian F. Chapin, Deborah Kuban, Eleni Efstathiou, and Ana Aparicio
99 Tumors of the penis and the urethra 1237James F. Holland, Raymond S. Lance, Donald F. Lynch Jr.
100 Testis cancer 1243Christian Kollmannsberger, Craig R. Nichols, Siamak Daneshmand, Eric K. Hansen, Christopher L. Corless, Bruce J. Roth, and Lawrence Einhorn
101 Neoplasms of the vulva and vagina 1269Summer B. Dewdney and Jacob Rotmensch
102 Neoplasms of the cervix 1281Anuja Jhingran and Ana M. Rodriguez
103 Endometrial cancer 1305Jamal Rahaman, Karen Lu, and Carmel J. Cohen
104 Epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer 1317Jonathan S. Berek, Michael L. Friedlander, and Robert C. Bast Jr.
105 Nonepithelial ovarian malignancies 1339Jonathan S. Berek, Michael L. Friedlander, and Robert C. Bast Jr.
106 Molar pregnancy and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 1353Donald P. Goldstein, Ross S. Berkowitz, and Neil S. Horowitz
107 Gynecologic sarcomas 1361Jamal Rahaman and Carmel J. Cohen
108 Neoplasms of the breast 1369Hope S. Rugo, Melanie Majure, Anthony Dragun, Meredith Buxton, and Laura Esserman
109 Malignant melanoma 1441Justin M. Ko, Susan M. Swetter, Jonathan S. Zager, Vernon K. Sondak, Scott E.Woodman, and Kim A. Margolin
110 Other skin cancers 1461William G. Stebbins, Eric A. Millican, and Victor A. Neel
111 Bone tumors 1475Timothy A. Damron
112 Soft tissue sarcomas 1499Robert G. Maki, Chandrajit P. Raut, and Brian O’Sullivan
113 The myelodysplastic syndrome 1529Lewis R. Silverman
114 Acute myeloid leukemia in adults: mast cell leukemia and other mast cell neoplasms 1545Richard M. Stone and Charles A. Schiffer
115 Chronic myeloid leukemia 1571Jorge Cortes, Richard T. Silver, and Hagop M. Kantarjian
116 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1581Nitin Jain, Stefan Faderl, Hagop M. Kantarjian, and Susan O'Brien
117 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia 1595Kanti R. Rai and Jacqueline C. Barrientos
118 Hodgkin lymphoma 1605Carol S. Portlock, Anita Kumar, and James Armitage
119 Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 1615Arnold S. Freedman and Ann S. LaCasce
120 Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome 1629Richard T. Hoppe, Youn H. Kim, and Ranjana H. Advani
121 Plasma cell tumors 1635Noopur Raje, Teru Hideshima, Andrew J. Yee, and Kenneth C. Anderson
122 Myeloproliferative neoplasms: essential thrombocythemia, primary myelofibrosis, and polycythemia vera 1659Ayalew Tefferi
Part 12: MANAGEMENT OF CANCER COMPLICATIONS
123 Neoplasms of unknown primary site 1673John D. Hainsworth and F. Anthony Greco
124 Anorexia and cachexia 1685Takao Ohnuma
125 Antiemetic therapy 1693Patrick M. Forde and David S. Ettinger
126 Neurologic complications of cancer 1701Lisa M. DeAngelis
127 Dermatologic complications of cancer chemotherapy 1717Anisha B. Patel and Madeleine M. Duvic
128 Skeletal complications 1727Michael A. Via, Ilya Iofin, and Jeffrey I. Mechanick
129 Hematologic complications and blood bank support 1737Richard M. Kaufman and Kenneth C. Anderson
130 Coagulopathic complications of cancer patients 1745Maria T. De Sancho and Jacob H. Rand
131 Urologic complications 1755Rachel A. Sanford, Ala Abudayyeh, Christopher J. Logothetis, andNizar M. Tannir
132 Cardiac complications 1763Michael S. Ewer, Steven M. Ewer, andThomas Suter
133 Respiratory complications 1781Vickie R. Shannon, George A. Eapen, Carlos A. Jimenez, Horiana B. Grosu, Rodolfo C. Morice, Lara Bashoura, Scott E. Evans, Roberto Adachi, Michael Kroll, Saadia A. Faiz, Diwakar D. Balachandran, Selvaraj E. Pravinkumar, and Burton F. Dickey
134 Gastrointestinal and hepatic complications in cancer patients 1807Robert S. Bresalier, H. Franklin Herlong, and Boris Blechacz
135 Oral complications of cancer and their treatment 1821Stephen T. Sonis and Anna Yuan
136 Gonadal complications 1833Vignesh Narayanan and Catherine E. Klein
137 Sexual dysfunction 1843Leslie R. Schover
138 Endocrine complications and paraneoplastic syndromes 1849Sai-Ching Jim Yeung and Robert F. Gagel
139 Infections in patients with cancer 1865Lior Nesher and Kenneth V. I. Rolston
140 Oncologic emergencies 1879Sai-Ching Jim Yeung and Carmen P. Escalante
Part 13: THE FUTURE OF ONCOLOGY
141 A vision for twenty-first century healthcare 1901Leroy Hood, Kristin Brogaard, and Nathan D. Price
Index 1911
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