Holt World Geography Today

by Sager, Robert J.; Helgren, David M.

• ISBN13: 9780030646829
• ISBN10: 0030646820
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2002-07-01
• Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt School

Table of Contents

How to Use Your Textbook	xviii
Why Geography Matters	xxii
Skills Handbook	1	(8)
Critical Thinking
Doing Research
Writing about Geography
Analyzing Primary and Secondary Sources
Becoming a Strategic Reader	9	(8)
Standardized Test-Taking Strategies	17	(4)
Atlas	21
UNIT 1 The Geographer's World	1	(137)
Studying Geography	2	(22)
Themes and Essential Elements	3	(6)
Skill Building: Using the Geographer's Tools	9	(15)
Organizing the Globe	9	(2)
Making Maps	11	(2)
Understanding Map Elements	13	(2)
Using Special-Purpose Maps	15	(3)
Climate Graphs and Population Pyramids	18
Focus on History: Exploration and Changing Perceptions	14	(6)
Connecting to History: Using Historical Maps	20	(1)
Geography for Life: Geographic Information Systems	21	(3)
Earth in Space	24	(16)
The Solar System	25	(4)
Connecting to Technology: Astronomy	28	(1)
Earth-Sun Relationships	29	(5)
Skill-Building Activity: Using a Time Zone Map	32	(2)
The Earth System	34	(6)
Focus on Citizenship: Environmental Issues	36	(1)
Geography for Life: Ice Ages and the Earth System	37	(3)
Weather and Climate	40	(22)
Factors Affecting Climate	41	(5)
Weather Factors	46	(4)
Skill-Building Activity: Reading a Weather Map	47	(2)
Focus on Science, Technology, and Society: Weather Satellites	49	(1)
Climate and Vegetation Patterns	50	(12)
Case Study: The Poles	58	(4)
Landforms, Water, and Natural Resources	62	(24)
Landforms	63	(7)
The Hydrosphere	70	(4)
Natural Resources	74	(12)
Connecting to Technology: Irrigation	77	(4)
Focus on Science, Technology, and Society: Renewable Energy Resources	81	(1)
Geography for Life: World Ecosystems and Biomes	82	(4)
Human Geography	86	(26)
Population Geography	87	(7)
Focus on Geography: Migration	90	(4)
Cultural Geography	94	(6)
Geography for Life: Geography and History	99	(1)
World Languages and Religions	100	(12)
Connecting to Technology: English on the Internet	102	(2)
World Religions	104	(8)
Human Systems	112	(26)
Economic Geography	113	(6)
Urban and Rural Geography	119	(9)
Focus on Geography: Central Place Theory	122	(3)
Connecting to Economics: The von Thunen Model	125	(2)
Geography for Life: Rural Settlement Forms	127	(1)
Political Geography	128	(10)
Geography for Life: Technology and the Environment	132	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop: Using Geographic Information Systems	136	(2)
UNIT 2 The United States and Canada	138	(70)
Connecting to Literature	139	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	140	(6)
Time Line	146	(1)
Fast Facts	147	(1)
Natural Environments of North America	148	(16)
Physical Features	149	(5)
Focus on Geography: The Fall Line	150	(2)
Connecting to the Arts: Ansel Adams	152	(2)
Climates and Biomes	154	(4)
Natural Resources	158	(6)
Geography for Life: Wetlands in the United States	161	(3)
The United States	164	(24)
History and Culture	165	(8)
Focus on History: Place-Names in the United States	166	(3)
Connecting to History: American Slang	169	(3)
Geography for Life: A Small World after All?	172	(1)
Regions of the United States	173	(7)
Geographic Issues	180	(8)
Connecting to Government: Voting Patterns and the Distribution of Political Power	182	(2)
Case Study: Creating Congressional Voting Districts	184	(4)
Canada	188	(20)
History and Culture	189	(4)
Canada Today	193	(6)
Connecting to Technology: Inuit Igloos	195	(2)
Focus on Government: Nunavut	197	(1)
Geography for Life: Canadian Residential Preferences	198	(1)
Geographic Issues	199	(9)
Cities & Settlements: New York	204	(2)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Mental Maps	206	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Using Geographic Models	207	(1)
UNIT 3 Middle and South America	208	(70)
Connecting to Literature	209	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	210	(6)
Time Line	216	(1)
Fast Facts	217	(3)
Mexico	220	(18)
Natural Environments	221	(3)
History and Culture	224	(5)
Connecting to Anthropology: Rites of Passage	226	(2)
Geography for Life: Mexican Migration	228	(1)
Mexico Today	229	(9)
Focus on Geography: Border Towns	232	(2)
Cities & Settlements: Mexico City	234	(4)
Central America and the Caribbean	238	(18)
Natural Environments	239	(5)
Geography for Life: Montserrat's Soufriere Volcano	243	(1)
Central America	244	(5)
Focus on Economics: Ecotourism in Costa Rica	247	(2)
The Caribbean	249	(7)
Connecting to the Arts: Caribbean Music	251	(5)
South America	256	(22)
Natural Environments	257	(6)
Geography for Life: El Nino	262	(1)
History and Culture	263	(5)
Connecting to History: The Nazca Lines	266	(2)
South America Today	268	(10)
Focus on Economics: Amazon Basin Development	269	(3)
Case Study: Urban Planning in Brasilia	272	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Sketch Maps	276	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Using Cartograms	277	(1)
UNIT 4 Europe	278	(92)
Connecting to Literature	279	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	280	(6)
Time Line	286	(1)
Fast Facts	287	(3)
Natural Environments of Europe	290	(14)
Physical Features	291	(5)
Connecting to Technology: Polders	293	(2)
Geography for Life: A Peninsula of Peninsulas	295	(1)
Climates and Biomes	296	(3)
Focus on Geography: The North Atlantic Drift	297	(2)
Natural Resources	299	(5)
Northern and Western Europe	304	(22)
The British Isles	305	(6)
Geography for Life: The London Underground and Mass Transit	310	(1)
France	311	(4)
Connecting to Technology: French Waterways	312	(3)
The Benelux Countries	315	(3)
Focus on Government: The European Union	315	(3)
Scandinavia	318	(8)
Case Study: Global Trade	322	(4)
Central Europe	326	(22)
Germany	327	(8)
Cities & Settlements: Berlin	332	(2)
Geography for Life: Germany's Aging Population	334	(1)
The Alpine Countries	335	(3)
Poland and the Baltics	338	(4)
Focus on History: Kaliningrad	339	(3)
The Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary	342	(6)
Connecting to History: A Shifting Region	344	(4)
Southern Europe and the Balkans	348	(22)
The lberian Peninsula	349	(6)
Geography for Life: Arabic Place-Names in lberia	354	(1)
The Italian Peninsula	355	(5)
Connecting to History: The Plague	356	(1)
Focus on Government: Europe's Microstates	357	(3)
Greece and the Balkan Peninsula	360	(10)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Graphic Organizers	368	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Using Databases and Analyzing Statistics	368	(2)
UNIT 5 Russia and Northern Eurasia	370	(52)
Connecting to Literature	371	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	372	(6)
Time Line	378	(1)
Fast Facts	379	(1)
Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus	380	(22)
Natural Environments	381	(5)
History and Culture	386	(7)
Focus on History: The Peoples of the Caucasus Republics	389	(3)
Geography for Life: Mapping Napoleon's Russian Disaster	392	(1)
The Region Today	393	(9)
Connecting to Economics: The Russian Stock Market	395	(3)
Cities & Settlements: St. Petersburg	398	(4)
Central Asia	402	(20)
Natural Environments	403	(5)
Geography for Life: The Shrinking Aral Sea	407	(1)
History and Culture	408	(4)
The Region Today	412	(10)
Connecting to Technology: Baykonur Cosmodrome	413	(2)
Focus on Geography: Issyk-Kul and Tourism	415	(1)
Case Study: Pipelines or Pipe Dreams?	416	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Graphs	420	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Using Time Lines	421	(1)
UNIT 6 Southwest Asia	422	(48)
Connecting to Literature	423	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	424	(6)
Time Line	430	(1)
Fast Facts	431	(1)
The Persian Gulf and Interior	432	(16)
Natural Environments	433	(4)
History and Culture	437	(4)
Connecting to Math: Arabic Numerals	438	(2)
Focus on Culture: Religion and Society	440	(1)
The Region Today	441	(7)
Geography for Life: The Ecological Trilogy	445	(3)
The Eastern Mediterranean	448	(22)
Natural Environments	449	(5)
Case Study: Palestine---Setting Boundaries	452	(2)
History and Culture	454	(6)
Focus on Culture: Reviving a Language	457	(2)
Geography for Life: Cyprus---A Divided Island	459	(1)
The Region Today	460	(10)
Connecting to History: Petra	462	(2)
Cities & Settlements: Jerusalem	464	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Transportation Maps	468	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Analyzing Aerial Photographs	468	(2)
UNIT 7 Africa	470	(82)
Connecting to Literature	471	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	472	(6)
Time Line	478	(1)
Fast Facts	479	(3)
North Africa	482	(16)
Natural Environments	483	(4)
History and Culture	487	(5)
Connecting to the Arts: Naguib Mahfouz	489	(1)
Focus on Culture: The Medina	490	(2)
The Region Today	492	(6)
Geography for Life: Western Sahara	495	(3)
West and Central Africa	498	(18)
Natural Environments	499	(4)
Focus on Geography: The Sahel	501	(2)
History and Culture	503	(6)
Connecting to History: The Colonial Scramble	505	(3)
Geography for Life: Nigeria's Ethnic Diversity	508	(1)
The Region Today	509	(7)
Cities & Settlements: The Tuareg: A Nomadic Way of Life	512	(4)
East Africa	516	(16)
Natural Environments	517	(4)
Focus on Geography: The Rifts	518	(3)
History and Culture	521	(4)
The Region Today	525	(7)
Connecting to Science: Endangered Cheetahs	527	(2)
Geography for Life: Population Growth in Kenya	529	(3)
Southern Africa	532	(20)
Natural Environments	533	(4)
Geography for Life: Biodiversity in Madagascar	536	(1)
History and Culture	537	(5)
Focus on History: The Legacy of Apartheid	539	(2)
Connecting to Anthropology: Marriage Customs	541	(1)
The Region Today	542	(10)
Case Study: The Geography of Disease	546	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop: Using Questionnaires and Field Interviews	550	(2)
UNIT 8 South Asia	552	(52)
Connecting to Literature	553	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	554	(6)
Time Line	560	(1)
Fast Facts	561	(1)
India	562	(22)
Natural Environments	563	(5)
Geography for Life: The Holy Ganges	567	(1)
History and Culture	568	(6)
Connecting to History: Early Empires	569	(5)
India Today	574	(10)
Focus on Science, Technology, and Society: The Green Revolution	575	(5)
Cities & Settlements: Bangalore	580	(4)
The Indian Perimeter	584	(20)
Natural Environments	585	(5)
Connecting to Technology: Measuring Mount Everest	586	(3)
Geography for Life: Environmental Change and the Maldives	589	(1)
History and Culture	590	(4)
The Region Today	594	(10)
Focus on Geography: Migration, Tea, and Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka	597	(1)
Case Study: Banking on Bangladesh's Female Entrepreneurs	598	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Media Services: The Internet	602	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Solving Problems	603	(1)
UNIT 9 East and Southeast Asia	604	(96)
Connecting to Literature	605	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	606	(6)
Time Line	612	(1)
Fast Facts	613	(1)
China, Mongolia, and Taiwan	614	(22)
Natural Environments	615	(6)
Focus on Geography: Three Gorges Dam	618	(3)
History and Culture	621	(6)
Connecting to the Arts: Chinese Jade	625	(1)
Geography for Life: China's Karst Towers	626	(1)
The Region Today	627	(9)
Cities & Settlements: Shanghai	632	(4)
Japan and the Koreas	636	(22)
Natural Environments	637	(5)
Geography for Life: Tectonic Forces in Japan	641	(1)
History and Culture	642	(7)
Focus on History: The DMZ	644	(2)
Connecting to Government: Japan's Constitution	646	(3)
The Region Today	649	(9)
Case Study: Japan's High-Speed Rail	654	(4)
Mainland Southeast Asia	658	(20)
Natural Environments	659	(4)
History and Culture	663	(6)
Connecting to History: The Vietnam War	665	(3)
Geography for Life: Keeping Traditional Ways of Life in Myanmar	668	(1)
The Region Today	669	(9)
Focus on Geography: Bangkok's Klongs	672	(2)
Case Study: Studying Deforestation	674	(4)
Island Southeast Asia	678	(22)
Natural Environments	679	(5)
Geography for Life: Wallace's Line	683	(1)
History and Culture	684	(6)
Connecting to History: A Colonial History	686	(2)
Focus on Geography: Growing Rice	688	(2)
The Region Today	690	(10)
Cities & Settlements: Singapore	694	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Diagrams	698	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Using Spreadsheets and Software	699	(1)
UNIT 10 The Pacific World	700	(50)
Connecting to Literature	701	(1)
Atlas: The World in Spatial Terms	702	(6)
Time Line	708	(1)
Fast Facts	709	(1)
Australia and New Zealand	710	(20)
Australia	711	(11)
Connecting to History: Australia's States and Territories	715	(2)
Geography for Life: Australia's Changing Trade Patterns	717	(3)
Cities & Settlements: Life in the Outback	720	(2)
New Zealand	722	(8)
Focus on Culture: The Maori	725	(5)
The Pacific Islands	730	(20)
Natural Environments	731	(4)
Focus on Geography: Coral Reefs	732	(3)
History and Culture	735	(6)
Connecting to Technology: Navigation Skills of the Pacific Islanders	738	(2)
Geography for Life: Migration into the Pacific	740	(1)
The Region Today	741	(9)
Case Study: Exotic Invaders	744	(4)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 1: Using Media Services: Overhead Transparencies	748	(1)
Geography Skill-Building Workshop 2: Making Decisions	749	(1)
REFERENCE SECTION
Gazetteer	750	(11)
Glossary	761	(8)
Spanish Glossary	769	(9)
Index	778	(19)
Acknowledgments	797