Human Blood Plasma Proteins Structure and Function

by Schaller, Johann; Gerber, Simon; Kaempfer, Urs; Lejon, Sofia; Trachsel, Christian

• ISBN13: 9780470016749
• ISBN10: 0470016744
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-06-03
• Publisher: WILEY

Summary

Human Blood Plasma Proteins gives an overview of the proteins found in human blood plasma, with special emphasis on their structure and function and relationship to pathological states and disease. Topics covered include: introduction to blood components and blood plasma proteins blood plasma protein domains, motifs and repeats blood plasma protein families and posttranslational modifications blood coagulation and fibrinolysis the complement system the immune system enzymes inhibitors lipoproteins hormones cytokines and growth factors transport and storageThe information of each protein discussed in this book in some detail is summarised at the end of each chapter in a Data Sheet, where one can find the most important data of each protein at one glance. Full cross-referencing to protein databases is given and many of the proteins discussed are accompanied by their 3D structure.Attractively presented in full colour, Human Blood Plasma Proteins is an essential atlas of this proteome for anyone working in biochemistry, protein chemistry and proteomics, structural biology, and medicine.

Author Biography

Johann Schaller and Simon Gerber are the authors of Human Blood Plasma Proteins: Structure and Function, published by Wiley.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
References	p. 3
	p. 5
Blood Components	p. 7
Introduction	p. 7
Short History	p. 7
Blood Components	p. 8
Blood cells	p. 8
Blood plasma	p. 12
The blood group system	p. 13
References	p. 15
Data Sheet	p. 16
Blood Plasma Proteins	p. 17
Introduction	p. 17
Short History	p. 17
Classification of Blood Plasma Proteins	p. 17
References	p. 20
	p. 21
Domains, Motifs and Repeats	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
The Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-Like Domain	p. 24
The Kringle Domain	p. 26
The [gamma]-Carboxyglutamic Acid-Rich (Gla) Domain	p. 27
The PAN/Apple Domain	p. 28
The Sushi/CCP/SCR Domain	p. 30
The Fibronectin Type I, the Fibronectin Type II Collagen-Binding and the Fibronectin Type III Domains	p. 31
The Coagulation Factors 5/8 Type C Domain (FA58C)	p. 32
The Thrombospondin Type I Repeat (TSP1)	p. 34
The VWFA, VWFC and VWFD Domains	p. 35
The Cystatin-Like Domain	p. 36
The LDL-Receptor Class A (LDLRA) and Class B (LDLRB) Domains	p. 36
The C-Terminal Cystine Knot (CTCK) Structure	p. 38
The Anaphylatoxin Domain	p. 40
The CUB Domain	p. 40
The NTR Domain	p. 41
The C-Type Lectin (CTL) Domain	p. 42
The Ig-Like Domain	p. 43
References	p. 44
Protein Families	p. 47
Introduction	p. 47
Serine Proteases: The Trypsin Family	p. 47
Serine Protease Inhibitors (Serpins)	p. 48
The [alpha subscript 2]-Macroglobulin Family	p. 50
The Serum Albumin Family	p. 52
The Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor (Kunitz) Family Signature	p. 52
The Kazal Serine Protease Inhibitors Family Signature	p. 53
The Multicopper Oxidase Family	p. 54
The Lipocalin Family	p. 54
The Globin Family	p. 55
The Glucagon/Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP)/Secretin/Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) Family	p. 56
The Glycoprotein Hormone Family	p. 58
Membrane Attack Complex Components/Perforin Signature (The Complement C6/C7/C8/C9 Family)	p. 59
The Lipase Family	p. 60
Hormone Families and Signatures	p. 61
The erythropoietin/thrombopoietin signature	p. 61
The corticotropin-releasing factor family	p. 61
The gonadotropin-releasing hormone signature	p. 62
The calcitonin/CGRP/IAPP family	p. 62
The gastrin/cholecystokinin family	p. 62
The insulin family	p. 62
Growth Factor Families	p. 64
The platelet-derived growth factor family	p. 64
The transforming growth factor-[beta] family	p. 64
Cytokine Families	p. 65
The tumor necrosis factor family	p. 65
The interferon [alpha], [beta] and [delta] family	p. 66
Interleukin Families and Signatures	p. 66
The interleukin-1 signature	p. 66
The interleukin-2 signature	p. 67
The interleukin-4/-13 signature	p. 68
The interleukin-6/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/myelomonocytic growth factor family	p. 68
The interleukin-7 and -9 signature	p. 69
Interleukin-10 family	p. 69
The Small Cytokine (Intercrine/Chemokine) Family and Signature	p. 70
References	p. 72
Posttranslational Modifications	p. 75
Introduction	p. 75
Databases for Posttranslational Modifications (PTMs)	p. 75
Disulfide Bridges	p. 75
Glycosylation	p. 77
Phosphorylation	p. 79
Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites	p. 80
Tyr phosphorylation site	p. 81
Hydroxylation	p. 81
Aspartic acid and asparagine hydroxylation site	p. 81
Sulfation	p. 82
Acylation and Alkylation	p. 84
Amidation	p. 84
Carboxylation	p. 84
Crosslinks	p. 85
The isoglutamyl cysteine thioester bond	p. 85
The isopeptide bond	p. 85
References	p. 86
	p. 89
Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	p. 91
Introduction	p. 91
Definition of haemostasis	p. 91
Primary Haemostasis	p. 92
The Coagulation Cascade	p. 95
The Fibrinolytic System	p. 109
The Regulation of Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	p. 114
The Kinin and Angiotensin/Renin Systems	p. 116
References	p. 119
Data Sheets	p. 121
The Complement System	p. 151
Introduction	p. 151
Nomenclature	p. 152
The Classical Pathway	p. 152
The anaphylatoxins C3a, C4a and C5a	p. 160
The Alternative Pathway	p. 160
The Terminal Components of the Complement System	p. 162
Components of Complement Activation	p. 165
Regulation of the Complement System	p. 167
References	p. 171
Data Sheets	p. 172
The Immune System	p. 195
Introduction	p. 195
Immunoglobulins	p. 196
Antibody Diversity	p. 203
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Proteins	p. 205
Innate Immune System	p. 209
Other Proteins	p. 213
References	p. 214
Data Sheets	p. 215
Enzymes	p. 231
Introduction	p. 231
EC 1: Oxidoreductases	p. 231
EC 1.11: peroxidases	p. 233
EC 2: Transferases	p. 236
EC 2.3: acyltransferases	p. 236
EC 2.6: transfer of nitrogenous group	p. 237
EC 2.7: transfer of phosphorous-containing groups	p. 237
EC 3: Hydrolases	p. 239
EC 3.1: esterases (ester bond)	p. 239
EC 3.2: glycosylases (sugars)	p. 242
EC 3.4: peptidases (peptide bonds)	p. 243
EC 3.4.17: metallocarboxypeptidases	p. 243
EC 3.4.21: serine endopeptidases (serine proteases)	p. 243
EC 3.4.22: cysteine endopeptidases (cysteine proteases)	p. 250
EC 3.4.23: aspartic endopeptidases (aspartic proteases)	p. 253
EC 5: Isomerases	p. 255
EC 5.3: oxidoreductases (intramolecular)	p. 256
References	p. 257
Data Sheets	p. 258
Inhibitors	p. 283
Introduction	p. 283
Serine Protease Inhibitors (Serpins)	p. 283
Introduction	p. 283
Structural properties	p. 284
Inhibitory reaction	p. 286
Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis	p. 286
Blood coagulation	p. 287
Fibrinolysis	p. 291
The Complement System	p. 292
General Inhibitors	p. 293
Other Serpins	p. 294
Other Inhibitors	p. 294
References	p. 298
Data Sheets	p. 299
Lipoproteins	p. 317
Introduction	p. 317
Enzymes in Lipoprotein Metabolism	p. 318
Apolipoproteins	p. 320
LDL and VLDL Receptors	p. 324
Serum Amyloid A Proteins	p. 325
References	p. 326
Data Sheets	p. 327
Hormones	p. 343
Introduction	p. 343
Pancreatic Hormones	p. 343
Gastrointestinal Hormones	p. 346
Calcium-Related Hormones	p. 347
Hormone-Releasing Factors, Their Trophic Hormones and Related Hormones	p. 349
Vasopressin and Oxytocin	p. 355
Natural Opioid Peptides	p. 356
Vasoactive Peptides	p. 357
Erythropoietin and Thrombopoietin	p. 359
Others	p. 360
Adiponectin	p. 360
Islet amyloid polypeptide	p. 360
References	p. 361
Data Sheets	p. 362
Cytokines and Growth Factors	p. 393
Introduction	p. 393
Interleukin Families	p. 395
Interleukin-1 family	p. 395
Interleukin-2 family	p. 397
Interleukin-3 family	p. 397
Interleukin-4/interleukin-13 family	p. 398
Interleukin-5 family	p. 398
Interleukin-6 family	p. 400
Interleukin-7/interleukin-9 family	p. 402
Interleukin-10 family	p. 402
Interleukin-15 family	p. 404
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor family	p. 404
Tumour Necrosis Factor Family	p. 405
The Interferon Family	p. 406
The interferon [alpha]/[beta] family	p. 406
The interferon [gamma] family	p. 408
Chemokines	p. 408
The intercrine [alpha]/chemokine CxC family	p. 409
The intercrine [beta]/chemokine CC family	p. 410
The Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family	p. 413
Transforming Growth Factor-[beta] Family	p. 414
Miscellaneous	p. 415
The nerve growth factor-[beta] family	p. 415
Epidermal growth factor	p. 417
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins	p. 418
References	p. 418
Data Sheets	p. 419
Transport and Storage	p. 451
Introduction	p. 451
The Serum Albumin Family	p. 451
The Globin Family	p. 452
Haptoglobin	p. 456
Iron Transport and Storage	p. 457
Iron oxidation: ceruloplasmin	p. 457
Iron transport proteins: transferrins	p. 459
Iron storage	p. 462
Heme transport and iron recovery: hemopexin	p. 462
Transport of Hormones, Steroids and Vitamins	p. 463
Hormone transport proteins	p. 464
Steroid transport proteins	p. 467
Vitamin A transport protein	p. 467
Other Transport Proteins in Plasma	p. 468
Selenoproteins	p. 468
References	p. 468
Data Sheets	p. 469
Additional Proteins	p. 487
Introduction	p. 487
Additional Blood Plasma Proteins	p. 487
Data Sheets	p. 492
Appendix	p. 503
Glossary	p. 515
Index	p. 521
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