Hydrodynamics and Water Quality: Modeling Rivers, Lakes, and Estuaries

by Zhen-Gang Ji

• ISBN13: 9780470241059
• ISBN10: 0470241055
• Format: eBook
• Copyright: 2008-04-01
• Publisher: Wiley-Interscience

Summary

This reference gets you up to speed on mathematical modeling for environmental and water resources management. With a practical, application-oriented approach, it discusses hydrodynamics, sediment processes, toxic fate and transport, and water quality and eutrophication in rivers, lakes, estuaries, and coastal waters. A companion CD-ROM includes a modeling package and electronic files of numerical models, case studies, and model results. This is a core reference for water quality professionals and an excellent text for graduate students.

Table of Contents

Forward

Preface

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Overview

Understanding Surface Waters

Modeling of Surface Waters

About This Book

Hydrodynamics

Hydrodynamic Processes

Water Density

Conservation Laws

Conservation of mass

Conservation of momentum

Advection and Dispersion

Mass Balance Equation

Atmospheric Forcings

Coriolis Force and Geostrophic Flow

Governing Equations

Basic Approximations

Boussinesq approximation

Hydrostatic approximation

Quasi-3D approximation

Equations in Cartesian Coordinates

1D equations

2D vertically averaged equations

2D laterally averaged equations

3D equations in sigma coordinate

Vertical Mixing and Turbulence Models

Equations in Curvilinear Coordinates

Curvilinear coordinates and model grid

3D equations in sigma and curvilinear coordinates

Initial Conditions and Boundary Conditions

Initial conditions

Solid boundary conditions

Temperature

Heatflux Components

Solar radiation

Longwave radiation

Evaporation and latent heat

Sensible heat

Temperature Formulations

Basic equations

Surface boundary condition

Bed heat exchange

Hydrodynamic Modeling

Hydrodynamic Parameters and Data Requirements

Hydrodynamic parameters

Data requirements

Case Study I: Lake Okeechobee

Background

Data sources

Model setup

Model calibration

Hydrodynamic processes in the lake

Discussions and conclusions

Case Study II: St. Lucie Estuary and Indian River Lagoon

Background

Model setup

Tidal elevation and current in SLE/IRL

Temperature and salinity

Discussions on hydrodynamic processes

Conclusions

Sediment Transport

Overview

Properties of Sediment

Problems Associated with Sediment

Sediment Processes

Particle Settling

Horizontal Transport of Sediment

Resuspension and Deposition

Equations for Sediment Transport

Turbidity and Secchi Depth

Cohesive Sediment

Vertical Profiles of Cohesive Sediment Concentrations

Flocculation

Settling of Cohesive Sediment

Deposition of Cohesive Sediment

Resuspension of Cohesive Sediment

Noncohesive Sediment

Shields Diagram

Settling and Equilibrium Concentration

Bed Load Transport

Sediment Bed

Characteristics of Sediment Bed

A Model for Sediment Bed

Wind Waves

Wave Processes

Wind Wave Characteristics

Wind Wave Models

Combined Flows of Wind Waves and Currents

Case Study: Wind Wave Modeling in Lake Okeechobee

Background

Measured data and model setup

Model calibration and verification

Discussions

Sediment Transport Modeling

Sediment Parameters and Data Requirements

Case Study I: Lake Okeechobee

Background

Model configuration

Model calibration and verification

Discussions and conclusions

Case Study II: Blackstone River

Background

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