Implicit and Explicit Mental Processes

by Kirsner, Kim; Speelman, Craig; Maybery, Murray; O'Brien-Malone, Angela

• ISBN13: 9780805813593
• ISBN10: 0805813594
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1998-02-01
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

The need for synthesis in the domain of implicit processes was the motivation behind this book. Two major questions sparked its development: Is there one implicit process or processing principle, or are there many? Are implicit memory, learning, and expertise; skill acquisition; and automatic detection simply different facets of one general principle or process, or are they distinct processes performing very different functions? This book has been designed to cast light on this issue. Because it is impossible to make sense of implicit processes without taking into account their explicit counterparts, consideration is also given to explicit memory, learning, and expertise; and controlled processing. The chapter authors consider principles, processes, and models which stand above a wealth of data collected to evaluate models designed specifically to account for data from a specific paradigm, or even more narrowly, from a specific experimental task. The motivation behind this approach is the proposition that modeling is possible for a much broader data domain, even though there may be some cost where specific tasks are concerned. The aim of this book is to treat synthesis as the objective, and to approach this objective by collecting and discussing phenomena which--although they are drawn from diverse areas of psychological science--touch a single issue concerning the distinction between explicit and implicit processes.

Table of Contents

List of Contributors	ix
Part I Introduction	3	(132)
1 Introduction and Overview	3	(10)
Kim Kirsner
Craig Speelman
2 Implicit Memory	13	(24)
Kim Kirsner
3 Implicit Learning	37	(20)
Angela O'Brien-Malone
Murray Maybery
4 Implicit Perception: Perceptual Processing Without Awareness	57	(22)
Colin MacLeod
5 Automaticity and Skill Acquisition	79	(20)
Craig Speelman
Murray Maybery
6 Implicit Memory and Amnesia	99	(20)
John Dunn
7 Implicit Knowledge and Connectionism: What Is the Connection?	119	(16)
Paul Roberts
Part II Theory	135	(138)
8 Implicit Expertise: Do We Expect Too Much From Our Experts?	135	(14)
Craig Speelman
9 Implicit and Automatic Processes in Cognitive Development	149	(22)
Murray Maybery
Angela O'Brien-Malone
10 Individual Differences in Intelligence	171	(16)
Mike Anderson
11 The Automaticity of Discourse Comprehension	187	(14)
Craig Speelman
12 Control Processes in Prosody	201	(18)
Kathryn Hird
Kim Kirsner
13 Stereotypes and Attitudes: Implicit and Explicit Processes	219	(14)
Drew Nesdale
Kevin Durkin
14 Automatic and Strategic Cognitive Biases in Anxiety and Depression	233	(22)
Colin MacLeod
Elizabeth M. Rutherford
15 A Natural History of Explicit Learning and Memory	255	(18)
C.D.L. Wynne
Part III Application	273	(100)
16 Implicit Content and Implicit Processes in Mass Media Use	273	(18)
Kevin Durkin
17 Decision Support and Behavioral Decision Theory	291	(18)
Dan Milech
Melissa Finucane
18 Mixed Processes in Process Control	309	(20)
David L. Morrison
Peter Lee
19 Implicit Processes in Medical Diagnosis	329	(14)
Timothy Griffin
Steven Schwartz
Katherine Sofronoff
20 Intellectual Disabilities	343	(14)
Janet Fletcher
Clare Roberts
21 Implicit and Explicit Processes in Reading Acquisition	357	(16)
William E. Tunmer
James W. Chapman
Part IV Synthesis	373	(20)
22 Implicit Learning and Memory: Science, Fiction, and a Prospectus	373	(20)
Stephan Lewandowsky
References	393	(52)
Author Index	445	(16)
Subject Index	461