Innovation and Its Discontents

by Jaffe, Adam B.; Lerner, Josh

• ISBN13: 9780691127941
• ISBN10: 0691127948
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-12-18
• Publisher: Princeton Univ Pr

Summary

The United States patent system has become sand rather than lubricant in the wheels of American progress. Such is the premise behind this provocative and timely book by two of the nation's leading experts on patents and economic innovation. Innovation and Its Discontentstells the story of how recent changes in patenting--an institutional process that was created to nurture innovation--have wreaked havoc on innovators, businesses, and economic productivity. Jaffe and Lerner, who have spent the past two decades studying the patent system, show how legal changes initiated in the 1980s converted the system from a stimulator of innovation to a creator of litigation and uncertainty that threatens the innovation process itself. In one telling vignette, Jaffe and Lerner cite a patent litigation campaign brought by a a semi-conductor chip designer that claims control of an entire category of computer memory chips. The firm's claims are based on a modest 15-year old invention, whose scope and influenced were broadened by secretly manipulating an industry-wide cooperative standard-setting body. Such cases are largely the result of two changes in the patent climate, Jaffe and Lerner contend. First, new laws have made it easier for businesses and inventors to secure patents on products of all kinds, and second, the laws have tilted the table to favor patent holders, no matter how tenuous their claims. After analyzing the economic incentives created by the current policies, Jaffe and Lerner suggest a three-pronged solution for restoring the patent system: create incentives to motivate parties who have information about the novelty of a patent; provide multiple levels of patent review; and replace juries with judges and special masters to preside over certain aspects of infringement cases. Well-argued and engagingly written,Innovation and Its Discontentsoffers a fresh approach for enhancing both the nation's creativity and its economic growth.

Author Biography

Adam B. Jaffe is Professor of Economics and Dean of Arts and Sciences at Brandeis University. He is the author, with Manuel Trajtenberg, of "Patents, Citations, and Innovations: A Window on the Knowledge Economy". Josh Lerner is Jacob H. Schiff professor of Investment Banking at Harvard Business School, with a joint appointment in the Finance and the Entrepreneurial Management Units. His books include "The Money of Invention".

Table of Contents

Preface to the Paperback Edition	ix
Preface	xiii
Introduction: They Fixed It, and Now It's Broke	1
Chapter 1 Today's Patent System at Work	25
Chapter 2 The Dark Side of Patents	56
Chapter 3 The Long Debate	78
Chapter 4 The Silent Revolution	96
Chapter 5 The Slow Starvation	127
Chapter 6 The Patent Reform Quagmire	151
Chapter 7 Innovation and Its Discontents	170
Notes	209
Index	229