On Integrating Unmanned Aircraft Systems into the National Airspace System

by Dalamagkidis, Konstantinos; Valavanis, Kimon P.; Piegl, Les A.

• ISBN13: 9781402086717
• ISBN10: 1402086717
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-11-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

Commercial interest for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) has seen a steady increase over the last decade. Nevertheless, UAS operations have remained almost exclusively military. This is mainly due to the lack of a regulatory framework that allows only limited public and civil UAS operations with usually crippling restrictions. Although efforts from the Federal Aviation Administration and its partners are already underway to integrate UAS in the National Airspace System (NAS), the appropriate regulation will not be ready for several more years. In the meantime UAS developers need to be aware of the current operational restrictions, as well as make informed decisions on their research and development efforts so that their designs will be airworthy when the regulatory framework is in place.This monograph aims to present an overview of current aviation regulation followed by an investigation of issues and factors that will affect future regulation.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction .1.1 Motivation and Rationale1.2 Background Information1.3 Definitions and Clarifications1.4 On Regulating Safety1.5 Book Objectives and OutlineReferences2 Aviation History and UAS2.1 Early Designs2.2 Modern Systems2.3 RemarksReferences3 Current Manned Aviation Regulation3.1 Introduction3.2 Airworthiness Certification3.3 Special Aircraft Categories3.4 Pilot Certification3.5 FAR Operation Rules3.6 Airspace Classes3.7 Regulation Development ModelsReferences4 Unmanned Aircraft Systems Regulation4.1 Introduction4.2 International Civil Aviation Organization4.3 United States4.4 Europe4.5 Australia4.6 Canada4.7 Japan4.8 Military RegulationsReferences5 UAS Safety Assessment and Functional Requirements5.1 Equivalent Level of Safety5.2 Translating an Accident TLS to System Reliability Requirements ..5.3 Case StudiesReferences6 Thoughts and Recommendations on a UAS Integration Roadmap ...6.1 Regulation Development6.2 Operational Risk Reference System6.3 UAS Classification6.3.2 Classification Based on Mid-air Coffision Risk6.3.3 Classification Based on Autonomy6.3.4 Other Classifications6.4 Certification Paths6.5 Operator Training and Certification6.6 Technology IssuesReferences7 Epilogue7.1 WhyUAS97.2 UAS for Military Applications and Related Challenges7.3 UAS for Civilian Applications: Challenges and Issues7.4 Challenges, Enabling Technologies7.5 The Road AheadReferencesA Ground fatality probabifity model sensitivity analysisA.1 BackgroundA.2 AnalysisA.2. 1 Kinetic Energy at Impact ResultsA.2.2 Parameter a ResultsA.2.3 Sheltering Factor ResultsA.3 DiscussionReferencesB UAS ReferenceIndex