International Public Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems and Polices

by Merson, Michael H.; Black, Robert E.; Mills, Anne J., Ph.D.

• ISBN13: 9780834212282
• ISBN10: 0834212285
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-11-01
• Publisher: JONES & BARTLETT PUB

Summary

Yale Univ., New Haven, CT. Addresses public health problems and challenges facing low- and middle-income countries. Emphasizes disease, programs, health systems, and health policies, and reflects the scope and depth of challenges in global health promotion. Includes case studies and examples.

Table of Contents

Contributors	ix
Foreword	xiii
Sir George Alleyne
Introduction	xvii
Michael H. Merson
Robert E. Black
Anne J. Mills
Acknowledgments	xxxi
Disease Burden Measurement and Trends	1	(52)
Adnan Ali Hyder
Richard H. Morrow
Reasons and Approaches for Measuring Health and Disease	2	(8)
Methods and Indicators of Disease Burden	10	(25)
Comparisons and Trends in Disease Burden	35	(15)
Conclusion	50	(1)
Discussion Questions	51	(2)
Culture, Behavior, and Health	53	(26)
Susan C. Scrimshaw
Basic Concepts from Medical Anthropology	53	(3)
Cultural Views of Health, Illness, and Healers	56	(8)
Theories of Health Behavior and Behavior Change	64	(5)
Methodologies for Understanding Culture and Behavior	69	(6)
Conclusion	75	(1)
Discussion Questions	75	(4)
Reproductive Health	79	(60)
Jane Menken
M. Omar Rahman
Demographic Trends and Fertility Determinants	80	(13)
Family Planning Programs	93	(18)
Impact of Reproductive Patterns on the Health of Children	111	(5)
Impact of Reproductive Patterns on the Health of Women	116	(14)
Conclusion	130	(1)
Discussion Questions	131	(8)
Infectious Diseases	139	(68)
Arthur L. Reingold
Christina R. Phares
Overview	139	(1)
Control of Infectious Diseases	140	(1)
Childhood Vaccine Preventable Diseases: The Expanded Program of Immunizations	141	(10)
Enteric Infections and Acute Respiratory Infections	151	(8)
Bacterial Meningitis	159	(5)
Mycobacterial Infections	164	(5)
Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS	169	(7)
Viral Hepatitis	176	(5)
Malaria and Other Arthropod-borne Diseases	181	(6)
Helminthiases	187	(4)
Zoonoses	191	(3)
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers	194	(4)
Infectious Causes of Blindness	198	(2)
Conclusion	200	(1)
Discussion Questions	201	(6)
Nutrition	207	(86)
Keith P. West, Jr.
Benjamin Caballero
Robert E. Black
The Nutritional Spectrum	208	(1)
Undernutrition	209	(15)
Protein-Energy Malnutrition	224	(6)
Micronutrient Deficiencies	230	(28)
Diet and Undernutrition	258	(8)
Undernutrition among Older Persons	266	(1)
The Nutrition Transition	266	(2)
Conclusion	268	(2)
Discussion Questions	270	(23)
Chronic Diseases and Injury	293	(38)
David V. McQueen
Matthew T. McKenna
David A. Sleet
Recent Views on the Burden of Chronic Diseases and Injury	293	(2)
Definitions of Terms	295	(1)
Major Social, Economic, and Demographic Trends	296	(2)
Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases and Injury	298	(20)
Epidemiology of Principal Behavorial Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases	318	(4)
Special Problems and Issues for Chronic Diseases and Injury in the Global Context	322	(2)
Conclusion	324	(2)
Discussion Questions	326	(5)
Mental Health	331	(48)
Mitchell G. Weiss
Alex Cohen
Leon Eisenberg
Burden of Mental Disorders	331	(4)
Major Mental Disorders and Associated Problems	335	(12)
Classification and Assessment of Mental Disorders	347	(9)
Historical, Environmental, and Social Contexts	356	(10)
Mental Health Policies and Programs for Low- and Middle-Income Countries	366	(4)
Conclusion	370	(2)
Discussion Questions	372	(7)
Environmental Health	379	(60)
Anthony J. McMichael
Tord Kjellstrom
Kirk R. Smith
Definition and Scope of Environment	379	(1)
Scale and Distribution of Environmental Risks to Health	380	(1)
Environment: Encompassing Both ``Hazard'' and ``Habitat''	381	(2)
Environmental Health Research, Risk Assessment, and Monitoring	383	(21)
Household Exposures	404	(3)
The Occupational Environment	407	(6)
Community-Level Exposures	413	(9)
Regional Exposures: Transboundary Problems	422	(3)
Global Environmental Change and Population Health	425	(5)
Pathways to the Future in an Unequal World	430	(3)
Conclusion	433	(1)
Discussion Questions	434	(5)
Complex Humanitarian Emergencies	439	(76)
Michael J. Toole
Ronald J. Waldman
Anthony B. Zwi
Direct Public Health Impact of War	442	(5)
Indirect Public Health Impact of Civil Conflict	447	(10)
Specific Health Outcomes	457	(15)
Prevention and Mitigation of CHEs	472	(3)
Responses to CHE	475	(24)
Role of International, National, and Nongovernmental Organizations	499	(2)
Rehabilitation, Repatriation, and Recovery	501	(4)
Development of Human Resources	505	(1)
Current Issues	506	(3)
Conclusion	509	(1)
Discussion Questions	510	(5)
The Design of Health Systems	515	(44)
Anne J. Mills
M. Kent Ranson
Conceptual Maps of the Health System	516	(4)
Historical Development of Health Systems	520	(3)
The Role of the State	523	(3)
Regulation	526	(4)
Financing	530	(9)
Resource Allocation	539	(6)
Provision of Services	545	(2)
Performance of Different Types of Systems	547	(2)
Health System Reform	549	(5)
Conclusion	554	(1)
Discussion Questions	555	(4)
Health Systems Management	559	(58)
William A. Reinke
Management Framework	559	(4)
Organization Structure and Relations	563	(9)
Human Resources Management	572	(9)
Physical Resources Management	581	(4)
Financial Management	585	(9)
Performance Budgeting	594	(4)
General Management Methods	598	(14)
Conclusion	612	(1)
Discussion Questions	613	(4)
Health and the Economy	617	(50)
Jennifer Prah Ruger
Dean T. Jamison
David E. Bloom
Health and Economic Development	618	(17)
Health Systems and Economic Outcomes	635	(23)
Conclusion	658	(2)
Discussion Questions	660	(7)
Global Cooperation in International Public Health	667	(34)
Gill Walt
The Policy Framework	667	(2)
Who Are the Actors in International Health?	669	(5)
Why Do States Cooperate?	674	(4)
How Do States Cooperate?	678	(2)
The Changing Role of International Cooperation: Vertical Representation to Horizontal Participation	680	(10)
Vertical Representation to Horizontal Participation: The Implications for Health Policy	690	(5)
Conclusion	695	(2)
Discussion Questions	697	(4)
Global Influences and Global Responses: International Health at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century	701	(38)
Ilona Kickbusch
Kent Buse
The Driving Forces of Change	702	(1)
Putting Health on the Global Agenda	703	(3)
The Globalization of Disease	706	(5)
International Cooperation for Health	711	(3)
The New Realities: Governance beyond Governments	714	(3)
The New Actors in the Global Health Arena	717	(4)
The Move toward Democratic and Legitimate Global Health Governance	721	(2)
The Global Health Value Base	723	(5)
A Reorientation of Public Health Practice	728	(4)
Conclusion	732	(1)
Discussion Questions	733	(6)
Acronyms	739	(6)
Sources	745	(12)
Index	757