Introduction To Adaptive Arrays

by Monzingo, Robert A.; Miller, T

• ISBN13: 9781891121241
• ISBN10: 1891121243
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-08-30
• Publisher: Scitech Pub Inc

Summary

Introduction to Adaptive Arrays serves as an introduction to the subject of adaptive sensor systems whose principle purpose is to enhance the detection and reception of certain desired signals. The field of array sensor systems is now a maturing technology. With applications of these systems growing more and more numerous, there is a wealth of widely scattered literature on various aspects of such systems. Unfortunately, few books attempt to provide an integrated treatment of the entire system that gives the reader the perspective to organize the available literature into easily understood parts. Intended for use both as a graduate level textbook and as a reference work for engineers, scientists, and systems analysts, this book provides such an integrated treatment by emphasizing the principles and techniques that are of fundamental importance in modern adaptive array systems.

Table of Contents

Adaptive Array Fundamental Principles: System Uses, System Elements, Basic Concepts, and Optimum Array Processing
Introduction	p. 3
Motivation for Using Adaptive Arrays	p. 3
Historical Perspective	p. 5
Principal System Elements	p. 6
Adaptive Array Problem Statement	p. 8
Existing Technology	p. 11
Organization of the Book	p. 21
Summary and Conclusions	p. 23
Adaptive Array Concept	p. 29
Signal Environment	p. 30
Array Element Spacing Considerations	p. 34
Array Performance	p. 47
Nulling Limitations Due to Miscellaneous Array Effects	p. 56
Narrowband and Broadband Signal Processing Considerations	p. 60
Summary and Conclusions	p. 64
Optimum Array Processing: Steady-State Performance Limits and the Wiener Solution	p. 78
Mathematical Preliminaries	p. 80
Signal Descriptions for Conventional and Signal Aligned Arrays	p. 87
Optimum Array Processing for Narrowband Applications	p. 89
Optimum Array Processing for Broadband Applications	p. 105
Optimum Array Processing for Perturbed Propagation Conditions	p. 128
Summary and Conclusions	p. 131
Adaptive Algorithms
Gradient-Based Algorithms	p. 155
Introductory Concepts	p. 156
The Least Mean Square Error (LMS) Algorithm	p. 162
The Differential Steepest Descent (DSD) Algorithm	p. 178
The Accelerated Gradient Approach	p. 188
Gradient Algorithm with Constraints	p. 192
Simulation Results	p. 207
Summary and Conclusions	p. 211
The Howells-Applebaum Adaptive Processor	p. 217
Introductory Concepts	p. 217
Two-Element Array with One Adaptive Loop	p. 223
N-element Array with N Adaptive Loops	p. 245
Introduction of Main Beam Constraints	p. 273
Constraint for the Case of Known Desired Signal Power Level	p. 283
Summary and Conclusions	p. 287
Direct Inversion of the Sample Covariance Matrix	p. 293
The Direct Matrix Inversion (DMI) Approach	p. 293
Transient Response Comparisons	p. 307
Sensitivity to Eigenvalue Spread	p. 312
Summary and Conclusions	p. 313
Recursive Methods for Adaptive Array Processing	p. 319
The Weighted Least-Squares Error Processor	p. 319
Updated Covariance Matrix Inverse	p. 324
Kalman Filter Methods for Adaptive Array Processing	p. 326
The Minimum Variance Processor	p. 334
Simulation Results	p. 339
Summary and Conclusions	p. 344
Cascade Preprocessors	p. 348
Nolen Network Preprocessor	p. 349
Interference Cancellation with a Nolen Network Preprocessor	p. 358
Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Preprocessor	p. 364
Simulation Results	p. 376
Summary and Conclusions	p. 382
Random Search Algorithms	p. 390
Linear Random Search (LRS)	p. 391
Accelerated Random Search (ARS)	p. 398
Guided Accelerated Random Search (GARS)	p. 401
Simulation Results	p. 405
Summary and Conclusions	p. 410
Adaptive Algorithm Performance Summary	p. 418
Adaptive Array Compensation and Current Research Trends
Compensation of Adaptive Arrays	p. 429
Broadband Signal Processing Considerations	p. 429
Multipath Compensation	p. 451
Analysis of Interchannel Mismatch Effects	p. 461
Summary and Conclusions	p. 475
Current Trends in Adaptive Array Research	p. 481
The Maximum Entropy Method (MEM) for Spectral Estimation	p. 481
Sequential Implementation of Bayes Optimal Array Processor	p. 493
Partially Adaptive Array Concepts	p. 498
Summary and Conclusions	p. 506
Frequency Response Characteristics of Tapped-Delay Lines	p. 516
Complex Envelope Notation	p. 521
Convenient Formulas for Gradient Operations	p. 525
Useful Matrix Relations and the Schwartz Inequality	p. 527
Multivariate Gaussian Distributions	p. 530
Geometric Aspects of Complex Vector Relationships	p. 537
Index	p. 539
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