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DR. SAMUEL LABI, Associate Professor in Purdue University's School of Civil Engineering, has combined work experience in consulting and academia that span several decades. His influential research has received widespread recognition and accolades, including the Mather Award for best paper in concrete materials and the K.B. Woods Award for best paper in design and construction.
Preface
General Background
The Text
Didactic Style and Resources
ABET Requirements and Audience
Acknowledgements
Author Biography
Section 1. Introduction
Chapter 1 Civil Engineering Systems and their Evolution
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Civil Engineering Systems and Historical Developments
1.2 Civil Engineering System - The Branches
1.3 Final Comments on the Historical Evolution and Future of Civil Engineering Systems
Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 2 Fundamental Concepts in Systems Engineering
2.0 Introduction
2.1 What is a system?
2.2 Systems Considerations in Civil Engineering
2.3 Development of Civil Engineering Systems
2.4. Some Terms and Concepts Related to Systems Thinking
2.5 Global Initiatives in the Study of Systems
Summary
Exercises
References
Useful Resources for Further Reading
Chapter 3 Goals and Objectives of Civil Engineering Systems
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Hierarchy of Desired Outcomes: Values, Goals, and Objectives
3.2 Common Moes Used in Decision-Making at Any Phase of System Development
3.3 Goals and MOEs at Each Phase of Civil EngineeringSystems Development
3.4 Desired Properties of a Set of MOES for a Given Analysis
3.5 Overall Discussion of Engineering Systems Goals and Objectives
Summary
Exercises
References
Section 2. The Tasks At Each Phase Of Systems Development
Chapter 4 Tasks Within the Phases of Systems Development
4.0 Introduction
4.1 The Task of Description
4.2 Analyzing Systems in Civil Engineering
4.3 The Task of System Evaluation
4.4 The Task of Feedback Between Phases
4.5 Examples of Tasks Faced at Various Phases of Systems Development
Summary
Exercises
References and Further Reading
Section 3. The Tools Needed To Carry Out The Tasks
Chapter 5 Probability
5.0 Introduction
5.1 Set Theory
5.2 Some Basic Concepts in Probability
5.3 Random Variables
5.4 Probability Functions
5.5 Discrete Probability Distributions
5.6 Continuous Probability Distributions
5.6 Common Terminology in Probabilistic Analysis
Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 6 Statistics
6.0 Introduction
6.1 Population And Sampling
6.2 Descriptive Statistics
6.3 Inferential Statistics
6.5 Hypothesis Testing
Some Common Terminology And Concepts In Engineering Statistics
Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 7 Modeling
7.0 Introduction
7.1 Steps for Developing Statistical Models
7.2 Model Specifications in Statistical Modeling
7.3 Some Important Issues in Statistical Modeling
7.4 Glossary of Modeling Terms
Exercises
References
Chapter 8 Simulation
8.0 Introduction
8.1 Simulation Terminology
8.2 Categories Of Simulation
8.3 Random Number Generation
8.4 Monte Carlo Simulation
Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Resources
Chapter 9 Optimization
9.0 Introduction
9.1 Unconstrained Optimization Using Calculus
9.2 Constrained Optimization Using Calculus
9.3 Constrained Optimization Using Mathematical Programming Techniques
9.4 Constrained Optimization Involving Binary Decision Variables
9.5 SEARCH FOR THE OPTIMAL SOLUTION – QUICKER AND EFFICIENT TECHNIQUES
9.7 Discussions and Final Comments
Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 10 Cost Analysis
10.0 Introduction
10.1 System Cost Classifications
10.2 Costs Incurred By System Owner/Operator
10.3 Costs Incurred By The System User
10.4 Costs Incurred By The Community
10.5 System Costs Categorized By Phase Of System Development
10.6 Average And Marginal Cost Concepts
10.7 Cost Estimation At The Construction Phase
10.7 Issues In Systems Costing
Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 11 Economic Analysis
11.0 Introduction
11.1 Basic Concepts In Economic Analysis
11.2 Interest Formula (Or Equivalence Equations)
11.3 Criteria For Economic Analysis
11.4 Discussion Of Relative Merits Of The Economic Efficiency Criteria
11.5 The Effect Of Discount Rate On The Evaluation Outcome
11.6 The Effect Of Analysis Period On Systems Evaluation
11.7 Perpetuity Considerations
11.8 Some Key Considerations In Monetary Lcca
11.9 Economic Efficiency Analysis – Issues And Limitations
11.10 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 12 Multiple Criteria Analysis
12.0 Introduction
12.1 Framework For Mcdm Analysis Using Multi-Attribute Utility Theory
12.2 Establishing The Weights Of Decision Criteria
12.3 Scaling Of The Decision Criteria
12.4 Amalgamation
12.5 Prefrence Vs. Non-Preference Approaches For Weighting, Scaling, Or Amalgamation
12.6 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References And Resources
Appendix 12.1
Appendix 12.2 Utility Functions For Some System Decision Criteria
Chapter 13 Risk And Reliability
13.0 Introduction
13.1 Certainty, Risk And Uncertainty
13.2 Uncertainties In System Development
13.3 The Management Of Risks And Uncertainties
13.3 The Basics Of Reliability
13.4 Common Contexts Of Reliability Analysis In Civil Engineering
13.5 Laboratory And Field Testing Of System Reliability
13.6 Reliability-Based Design Of Civil Engineering Systems
13.7 System Reliability And System Resilience
13.8 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Useful Resources
Chapter 14 System Dynamics
14.0 Introduction
14.1 Some Basic Concepts In System Dynamics
14.2 Variable Vs. Time Patterns In System Dynamics Modeling
14.3 Causal Loop Diagrams (The Concept Of Feedback)
14.4 Stocks And Flows
14.5 Framework For Systems Dynamics Analysis
14.6 Systems Dynamics At The Various Phases Of Civil Systems Development
14.7 Chaos Theory
14.8 Chapter Summary
14.9 Exercises
References
Useful Resources
Chapter 15 Real Options Analysis
15.0 Introduction
15.1 Real Options Taxonmy
15.2 Categories Of Real Options
15.3 Valuing Flexibility In Real Options Analysis
15.4 Real Options Case Examples In Civil Engineering
15.5 Numerical Example
15.5 Chapter Summary And Concluding Remarks
Exercises
References
Useful Resources
Chapter 16: Decision Analysis
16.0 Introduction
16.1 General Contexts Of Decision-Making
16.2 The Basic Process Of Decision-Making And Relevant Tools
16.3 Classification Of Decision Models
16.4 Decision-Making Associated With Uncertainty
16.5 Inputs For Uncertainty-Based Decision-Making
16.6 Decisions Under Risk
16.7 Decisions Under Uncertainty
16.8 Other Techniques For Modeling Decisions
16.9 Impact Of Decision-Maker’s Risk Preferences On Decision-Making
16.10 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 17 Network Analysis Tools
17.0 Introduction
17.1 Fundamentals Of Graph Theory
17.2 Trees, Spanning Trees, And Minimum Spanning Trees
17.3 Shortest Path Through A Network
17.4 The Maximum Flow Problem
17.5 Locating Facilities On Civil Engineering Networks
17.6 Network Connectivity
17.6.4 Discussion
17.7 Optimal Coverage Of Networks
17.8 Optimal Shipping Across O-D Pairs In A Network
17.9 Network Applications In Project Management
17.10 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Additional Reading
Chapter 18 Queuing Analysis
18.0 Introduction
18.1 Attributes Of A Queuing Process
18.2 Performance Of Queuing Processes
18.3 The Role Of Markov Chains In Queuing Analysis
18.3 Notations For Describing Queuing Systems
18.4 Analysis Of Selected Queuing Systems Configurations
18.5 Concluding Remarks On Queuing Analysis
18.6 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Section 4. The Phases of Systems Development
Chapter 19 The Needs Assessment Phase
19.0 Introduction
19.1 Assessment Of System Needs
19.2 Mechanisms For Assessing System Needs
19.3 Assessing System Needs Using User-Targeted Mechanisms
19.4 Assessing Long-Term System Needs Via Demand And Supply Trends
19.5 Optimal Balance Of Demand And Need – Mathematical Derivations
19.6 Some Issues And Considerations In Needs Assessment
19.7 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 20 Systems Planning
20.0 Introduction
20.1 A Brief History Of Civil Systems Planning
20.2 Dimensions Of Civil System Planning
20.3 The Rationale And Impetus For System Planning
20.4 Evolving And Emerging Contexts Of Systems Planning
20.5 Principles Of Civil Systems Planning
20.6 The System Planning Process
20.8 Barriers To Effective Planning
20.9 Computations In Civil Systems Planning
20.9 Estimating System Cost at the Planning Phase
20.9 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 21: System Design
21.0 Introduction
21.1 Classifications Of Engineering Design
21.2 the Engineering Design Process
21.3 Applications Of Systems Design In Selected Areas Of Civil Engineering
21.4 Considerations In Civil Engineering Systems Design
21.5 Design Failures In Civil Engineering
Exercises
References
Resources
Chapter 22 Systems Construction
22.0 Introduction
22.1 Stages Of The System Construction Phase
22.2 Project Delivery Options And Contracting Approaches
22.3 Construction Cost Analysis
22.4 General Decision Contexts In Construction That Merit Application Of Systems Concepts
22.5 Managing Risks At The Construction Phase
22.6 Emerging And Evolving Issues In Civil Systems Construction
22.7 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 23 System Operations
23.0 Introduction
23.1 Definition
23.2 General Duties At The Operations Phase
23.3 Some Problem Contexts At The Operations Phase Of Selected Types Of Ce Systems
23.5 Numerical Examples Of Application Of Tools In Ce System Operations
23.4 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 24 System Monitoring
24.0 Introduction
24.1 Basic Elements Of System Monitoring
24.1 Purposes Of System Monitoring
24.2 Typical Architecture Of A System Monitoring Program
24.3 Sensing And Detection Mechanisms
24.4 Cost-Effective Reliability-Based Sampling For System Monitoring
24.5 Monitoring Of Specific Civil Engineering Systems
24.6 Planning For System Monitoring/Inspection (M/I)
24.7 Monitoring The System Users
24.8 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Useful Resources
Chapter 25 System Preservation (Maintenance And Rehabilitation)
25.0 Introduction
25.1 Basic Terminologies In System Preservation
25.2 Specific Tasks At The System Preservation Phase
25.3 Identifying The Appropriate Preservation Treatment At A Given Time
25.4 Development Of System Preservation Schedules
25.5 Impediments To Preservation Treatment Or Schedule Prescriptions
25.6 Concluding Remarks
25.7 Chapter Summary
25.8 Exercises
References
Additional Reading And Resources
Chapter 26 System End-Of-Life
26.0 Introduction
26.1 System Life Definitions
26.2 End Of Physical Life - The Causes
26.3 Applications Of Life Estimates In Systems Management
26.4 Predicting The Longevity Of Civil Engineering Systems
26.5 Quantifying System Vulnerability To Destruction
26.6 End-Of-Life Options
26.7 Feedback To Preceding Phases
26.8 Concluding Remarks
26.9 Chapter Summary
EXERCISES
References
Useful Resources
Section 5. Other Topics Related To Civil Systems Development
Chapter 27 Threats, Exposure, And System Resilience
27.0 Introduction
27.1 Categories Of Threats To Civil Engineering Systems
27.2 Threat Types
27.3 The Threat Of Climate Change
27.4 Exposure To Threats
27.5 Resilience Of Civil Engineering Systems
27.6 Combining Threat Likelihood, Public Exposure, And System Resilience For Decision-Making
Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 28 Sustainability
28.0 Introduction
28.1 Motivations For The Drive Towards Sustainability In The Current Era
28.2 The Principles Of Sustainability
28.3 Evolution Of Global Policy On Sustainability
28.4 Elements Of Sustainability
28.5 Combined Indicators Of Sustainability
28.6 Dimensions Of Sustainability
28.7 Systems Concepts In Sustainability Modeling
28.8 Sustainability Considerations At Each Phase Of System Development
28.9 Modeling The Impact Of Human Actions On Sustainability
28.10 Incorporating Sustainability Into Project- And Network-Level Evaluation
28.11 Specific Sustainability Considerations In Civil Engineering Disciplines
28.12 Sustainability -- Some Interesting Finales Of The Discussion
28.13 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Additional Resources
Chapter 29 Ethics And Legal Issues In Civil Systems Development
29.0 Introduction
29.1 Ethics In Civil Systems Development
29.2 Legal Issues In Civil Systems Development
29.3 Chapter Summary
Exercises
References
Chapter 30 Epilogue
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