Engineer's Guide to GPS : The Global Positioning System

by El-Rabbany, Ahmed

• ISBN13: 9781580531832
• ISBN10: 1580531830
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2001-12-01
• Publisher: Artech House

Summary

If you're looking for an up-to-date, easy-to-understand treatment of the GPS (Global Positioning System), this one-of-a-kind resource offers you the knowledge you need for your work, without bogging you down with advanced mathematics. It addresses all aspects of the GPS, emphasizes GPS applications, examines the GPS signal structure, and covers the key types of measurement being utilized in the field today.

Author Biography

Ahmed El-Rabbany is an assistant professor at Ryerson University in Toronto, Ontario. He is also an adjunct professor and an honorary research associate at York University and the University of New Brunswick, respectively. He holds a Ph.D. in GPS from the University of New Brunswick, Canada

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Introduction to GPS	p. 1
Overview of GPS	p. 1
GPS segments	p. 2
GPS satellite generations	p. 4
Current GPS satellite constellation	p. 5
Control sites	p. 6
GPS: The basic idea	p. 8
GPS positioning service	p. 9
Why use GPS?	p. 10
References	p. 11
GPS Details	p. 13
GPS signal structure	p. 13
GPS modernization	p. 15
Types of GPS receivers	p. 16
Time systems	p. 18
Pseudorange measurements	p. 19
Carrier-phase measurements	p. 21
Cycle slips	p. 22
Linear combinations of GPS observables	p. 23
References	p. 25
GPS Errors and Biases	p. 27
GPS ephemeris errors	p. 28
Selective availability	p. 29
Satellite and receiver clock errors	p. 31
Multipath error	p. 32
Antenna-phase-center variation	p. 34
Receiver measurement noise	p. 35
Ionospheric delay	p. 36
Tropospheric delay	p. 38
Satellite geometry measures	p. 39
GPS mission planning	p. 42
User equivalent range error	p. 44
References	p. 44
Datums, Coordinate Systems, and Map Projections	p. 47
What is a datum?	p. 48
Geodetic coordinate system	p. 49
Conventional Terrestrial Reference System	p. 50
The WGS 84 and NAD 83 systems	p. 52
What coordinates are obtained with GPS?	p. 53
Datum transformations	p. 53
Map projections	p. 55
Transverse Mercator projection	p. 56
Universal transverse Mercator projection	p. 57
Modified transverse Mercator projection	p. 59
Lambert conical projection	p. 60
Stereographic double projection	p. 61
Marine nautical charts	p. 62
Local arbitrary mapping systems	p. 64
Height systems	p. 65
References	p. 66
GPS Positioning Modes	p. 69
GPS point positioning	p. 70
GPS relative positioning	p. 71
Static GPS surveying	p. 72
Fast (rapid) static	p. 74
Stop-and-go GPS surveying	p. 75
RTK GPS	p. 77
Real-time differential GPS	p. 78
Real time versus postprocessing	p. 80
Communication (radio) link	p. 81
References	p. 83
Ambiguity-Resolution Techniques	p. 85
Antenna swap method	p. 87
On-the-fly ambiguity resolution	p. 88
References	p. 90
GPS Data and Correction Services	p. 91
Data service	p. 92
DGPS radio beacon systems	p. 94
Wide-area DGPS systems	p. 95
Multisite RTK system	p. 98
References	p. 99
GPS Standard Formats	p. 101
RINEX format	p. 101
NGS-SP3 format	p. 105
RTCM SC-104 standards for DGPS services	p. 108
NMEA 0183 format	p. 112
References	p. 115
GPS Integration	p. 117
GPS/GIS integration	p. 117
GPS/LRF integration	p. 118
GPS/dead reckoning integration	p. 120
GPS/INS integration	p. 121
GPS/pseudolite integration	p. 123
GPS/cellular integration	p. 125
References	p. 127
GPS Applications	p. 129
GPS for the utilities industry	p. 129
GPS for forestry and natural resources	p. 131
GPS for precision farming	p. 132
GPS for civil engineering applications	p. 133
GPS for monitoring structural deformations	p. 134
GPS for open-pit mining	p. 135
GPS for land seismic surveying	p. 138
GPS for marine seismic surveying	p. 139
GPS for airborne mapping	p. 140
GPS for seafloor mapping	p. 142
GPS for vehicle navigation	p. 144
GPS for transit systems	p. 146
GPS for the retail industry	p. 147
GPS for cadastral surveying	p. 149
GPS stakeout (waypoint navigation)	p. 150
References	p. 151
Other Satellite Navigation Systems	p. 155
GLONASS satellite system	p. 155
Chinese regional satellite navigation system (Beidou system)	p. 157
Regional augmentations	p. 157
Future European global satellite navigation system (Galileo system)	p. 158
References	p. 159
GPS Accuracy and Precision Measures	p. 161
Reference	p. 162
Useful Web Sites	p. 163
GPS/GLONASS/Galileo information and data	p. 163
GPS manufacturers	p. 165
About the Author	p. 167
Index	p. 169
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