An Introduction to the Profession of Social Work Becoming a Change Agent

by Segal, Elizabeth A.; Gerdes, Karen E.; Steiner, Sue

• ISBN13: 9780495127093
• ISBN10: 0495127094
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-06-05
• Publisher: Brooks Cole

Summary

Unit One: FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIAL WORK. 1. What Is Social Work? 2. The Social Welfare System. 3. Modes of Intervention. Unit Two: SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE WITH DIVERSE POPULATIONS. 4. Social Justice and Civil Rights. 5. Working with Diverse Populations. 6. Children and Their Families. 7. People Who Are Older Unit Three: SOCIAL WORK FIELDS OF PRACTICE. 8. Health Care Services. 9. Mental Health Services. 10. School Social Work. 11. Criminal Justice. 12. The Workplace. Unit Four: CRITICAL ISSUES IN SOCIAL WORK. 13. Poverty and Economic Disparity. 14. Substance Abuse. 15. Technology and Social Work. Appendixes. A. NASW Code of Ethics. B. Web Resources. Glossary. Index.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
UNIT ONE Foundations of Social Work	1	(96)
What is Social Work?	2	(34)
Social Work as a Profession	3	(7)
The History of the Social Work Profession	4	(3)
Who Are Social Workers?	7	(2)
Social Work Education	9	(1)
Central Concepts and Theories	10	(5)
Person in Environment	10	(1)
Theoretical Basis for Social Work Practice	11	(4)
The Power of Language	15	(2)
Values and Ethics	17	(6)
Social Work Careers	23	(4)
Child Welfare	23	(1)
People Who Are Older	23	(1)
Health Care/Medical Social Work	24	(1)
Mental Health	24	(1)
School Social Work	24	(1)
Criminal Justice	25	(1)
Employment/Occupational Social Work	25	(1)
Public Welfare	25	(1)
Substance Abuse and Addictions	25	(1)
Community Organization	26	(1)
Policy Practice	26	(1)
Management Administration	26	(1)
Is Social Work for You?	27	(3)
Personal Characteristics Suited to Social Work Practice	27	(2)
Choosing Social Work as a Career	29	(1)
Conclusion	30	(1)
Key Terms	30	(1)
Questions for Discussion	30	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	31	(1)
Exercises	31	(3)
References	34	(2)
The Social Welfare System	36	(28)
How the Social Welfare System Helps People	38	(1)
The History of American Social Welfare	39	(11)
Colonial Period	40	(1)
Pre-Civil War Period	41	(1)
The Civil War and Post-Civil War Period	42	(1)
The Progressive Era	43	(1)
The Great Depression and the New Deal	44	(2)
World War II and the Postwar Economy	46	(1)
The Social Reform Years	47	(1)
The Retrenchment Years	48	(2)
Social Welfare in the New Millennium	50	(1)
The History of the Social Work Profession	50	(3)
Major Social Welfare Programs	53	(4)
Cash Assistance Programs	55	(1)
In-Kind Benefit Programs	56	(1)
Values and Social Welfare	57	(3)
Should We Change the Person or the System?	57	(1)
Are Recipients Worthy or Unworthy?	57	(1)
Religious Values or Separation of Church and State	58	(1)
Impartial Professional or Advocate	59	(1)
Helping People We Know or Helping Strangers	59	(1)
Crisis or Ongoing Need	59	(1)
Conclusion	60	(1)
Key Terms	60	(1)
Questions for Discussion	60	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	61	(1)
Exercises	61	(2)
References	63	(1)
Modes of Intervention	64	(33)
Social Work with Individuals and Families	66	(13)
Information and Referral	67	(2)
Network Linkages	69	(1)
Direct Services	70	(1)
Therapeutic Interventions	71	(7)
Ethical Challenges in Working with Individuals and Families	78	(1)
Social Work with Groups	79	(5)
Socialization Groups	80	(1)
Educational Groups	80	(1)
Therapeutic Groups	81	(1)
Task-Centered Groups	82	(1)
Ethical Challenges in Working with Groups	83	(1)
Community Practice	84	(7)
Roles	85	(2)
Models of Community Practice	87	(3)
Ethical Challenges in Working with Communities	90	(1)
Conclusion	91	(1)
Key Terms	91	(1)
Questions for Discussion	91	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	92	(1)
Exercises	92	(2)
References	94	(3)
UNIT TWO Social Work Practice with Diverse Populations	97	(114)
Social Justice and Civil Rights	99	(24)
What is Social Justice?	100	(1)
Social Work's Mandate for Social Justice	101	(1)
Barriers to Social Justice	102	(5)
Explanations of Social Injustice	107	(4)
Biological Determinism	107	(2)
The Socialization Process	109	(1)
Psychological Perspectives	110	(1)
Sociological Perspectives	110	(1)
Models of Intergroup Relations	111	(1)
Overcoming Social Injustice	112	(4)
Civil Rights	112	(1)
Protection from Discrimination	113	(1)
Affirmative Action	114	(2)
Social Work Roles in Fighting Social Injustice	116	(1)
Conclusion	117	(1)
Key Terms	118	(1)
Questions for Discussion	118	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	119	(1)
Exercises	119	(2)
References	121	(2)
Working with Diverse Populations	123	(27)
Social Construction of Differences	124	(1)
Diversity in the United States	125	(2)
Historical Background	127	(1)
Exploration and Colonization	127	(1)
Forced Relocation and Enslavement	128	(1)
Expansion into Mexico	128	(1)
Immigration	129	(1)
Refugee Status	129	(1)
Implications for Social Work Practice	130	(1)
Cultural Competency	131	(4)
Multiculturalism	131	(3)
Ecological Framework	134	(1)
Empowerment Practice	135	(1)
Achieving Cultural Competency	135	(4)
Awareness of Self	135	(1)
Understanding Cultural Differences	136	(1)
Stages of Cultural Understanding	137	(2)
Emerging Issues	139	(4)
Civil Rights for LGBT People	139	(1)
Multiethnic or Transracial Adoptions	140	(1)
Redress or Reparations for Past Social Injustices	140	(1)
Underfunded Schools	141	(1)
Environmental Justice	141	(1)
Access to Health Care	141	(1)
Bilingual Education	142	(1)
New Research on Human Diversity and Genetic Makeup	142	(1)
Conclusion	143	(1)
Key Terms	143	(1)
Questions for Discussion	143	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	143	(1)
Exercises	144	(4)
References	148	(2)
Children and Their Families	150	(29)
Theories of Child Development	151	(5)
Ecological Approach	152	(1)
Human Development	153	(2)
Other Theories	155	(1)
Why Theory Matters	155	(1)
The Child Welfare System	156	(3)
Historical Background	156	(1)
Child Welfare	157	(2)
The Roles of Social Workers	159	(8)
Cash Management	159	(1)
Direct Practice	159	(3)
Advocacy and Policy Building	162	(1)
Intervention Process	162	(5)
Values and Ethics	167	(2)
Respect for the Dignity and Uniqueness of the Individual	168	(1)
Respect for Self-Determination	168	(1)
Respect for Confidentiality	169	(1)
Critical Issues Facing Children and Families	169	(3)
Child Maltreatment	169	(1)
Foster Care	170	(1)
Alcohol and Drug Abuse	170	(1)
Decisions about Sexual Behavior	171	(1)
Delinquency	171	(1)
Divorce	172	(1)
Poverty	172	(1)
Conclusion	172	(1)
Key Terms	173	(1)
Questions for Discussion	173	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	173	(1)
Exercises	174	(3)
References	177	(2)
People Who are Older	179	(32)
Human Development within the Social Context	180	(3)
Biological and Physiological Aspects of Aging	181	(1)
Cognitive Process and Emotional and Psychological Development	182	(1)
Sociological Aspects of Aging	182	(1)
Legal, Economic, and Political Aspects	182	(1)
Social Work Practice with People Who are Older	183	(6)
Historical Background	183	(2)
Current Context	185	(2)
Diversity	187	(1)
Critical Public Policies	188	(1)
The Roles of Social Workers	189	(4)
Current Practice Interventions	190	(2)
Older People at Risk	192	(1)
Values and Ethical Issues	193	(3)
Critical Issues and Emerging Concerns	196	(7)
Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit	196	(1)
Elder Abuse and Neglect	197	(2)
Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia	199	(3)
Mental Health and Depression	202	(1)
Children as Caregivers for Aging Parents	202	(1)
Conclusion	203	(1)
Key Terms	204	(1)
Questions for Discussion	204	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	205	(1)
Exercises	205	(2)
References	207	(4)
UNIT THREE Social Work Fields of Practice	211	(166)
Health Care Services	213	(31)
Health Care in America	214	(3)
Defining Health	214	(2)
The Effect of Social Inequality	216	(1)
The U.S. Health Care System	217	(6)
Historical Background	218	(1)
The Current Health Care System	219	(1)
Limitations of the Current Health Care System	220	(3)
The Roles of Social Workers	223	(7)
Acute Care	224	(3)
Ambulatory Care	227	(1)
Long-Term Care	228	(1)
Developmental Disabilities	229	(1)
Public Health Policies	230	(2)
Social Work Values and Ethics in Health Care Coverage	232	(2)
Critical Issues	234	(3)
Disability	234	(1)
HIV/AIDS	235	(2)
Conclusion	237	(1)
Key Terms	237	(1)
Questions for Discussion	237	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	238	(1)
Exercises	238	(3)
References	241	(3)
Mental Health Services	244	(32)
Mental Health and Mental Illness	245	(4)
Biological and Psychological Factors	246	(3)
Social Factors	249	(1)
The Mental Health Care System	249	(7)
Historical Background	250	(1)
The Current System	251	(3)
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Mental Health Care	254	(2)
Social Work Practice in Mental Health Settings	256	(9)
Social Work Roles	257	(1)
Treatment	257	(1)
Culturally Responsive Practice	258	(4)
Strengths Perspective	262	(1)
Obstacles to Treatment	262	(3)
Policy Issues	265	(1)
Values and Ethics	266	(1)
Conclusion	267	(1)
Key Terms	268	(1)
Questions for Discussion	268	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	268	(1)
Exercises	269	(2)
References	271	(5)
School Social Work	276	(34)
The History of School Social Work	277	(2)
School Social Work Roles and Skills	279	(10)
Responsibilities of School Social Workers	279	(2)
Working with Students at Risk	281	(4)
Knowledge and Skills	285	(4)
Critical Public Policies	289	(3)
Students with Disabilities	289	(2)
Poor and Homeless Students	291	(1)
Diversity	292	(2)
Multicultural Education	293	(1)
Bilingual Education	293	(1)
Social Work Values and Ethics	294	(2)
Challenges Facing School Social Workers	296	(4)
Violence Prevention	296	(1)
Prevention of Teenage Pregnancy or Disease	297	(1)
Tobacco, Alcohol, and Illicit Drug Prevention	298	(1)
Dropout Prevention	299	(1)
Conclusion	300	(2)
Key Terms	302	(1)
Questions for Discussion	302	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	302	(1)
Exercises	303	(4)
References	307	(3)
Criminal Justice	310	(38)
Crime and Criminal Behavior	310	(7)
The Extent and Variety of Crime in the United States	311	(1)
Theories of Criminal Behavior Relevant to Social Work	312	(5)
The Criminal Justice System	317	(3)
Racial Imbalance	317	(1)
Women	318	(1)
Inmates with Disabilities	319	(1)
Inmates with Chronic Health Problems	320	(1)
Social Work Roles and Skills	320	(10)
Historical Background	320	(3)
Practice Settings	323	(4)
Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections	327	(2)
Victim Assistance Services	329	(1)
Policy Issues	330	(8)
Juvenile Offenders	331	(1)
Domestic Violence	332	(1)
Crime and Mental Illness	333	(2)
Overcriminalization and Overcrowding	335	(1)
Death Penalty	336	(2)
Ethics and Values	338	(1)
Conclusion	339	(1)
Key Terms	339	(1)
Questions for Discussion	339	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	340	(1)
Exercises	340	(4)
References	344	(4)
The Workplace	348	(29)
The World of Work	349	(3)
Work Today	349	(2)
Human Development and Work	351	(1)
Occupational Social Work	352	(7)
Historical Background	353	(1)
Occupational Social Work Structures	354	(5)
Common Workplace Challenges	359	(7)
Substance Abuse	359	(1)
Mental Health Issues	360	(1)
Discrimination	361	(5)
Work-Related Public Policies	366	(1)
The Family and Medical Leave Act	366	(1)
Quality Child Care	366	(1)
Living Wages	367	(1)
Unemployment Insurance	367	(1)
Values and Ethics	367	(1)
Critical Issues	368	(3)
Workplace Violence	369	(1)
Contingent Workers	369	(2)
Conclusion	371	(1)
Key Terms	371	(1)
Questions for Discussion	371	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	372	(1)
Exercises	372	(2)
References	374	(3)
UNIT FOUR Critical Issues in Social Work	377	(113)
Poverty and Economic Disparity	378	(26)
Defining Poverty	379	(3)
Official Definition of Poverty	380	(1)
Who Is Poor in America?	381	(1)
Causes of Poverty	382	(5)
Values and Blaming the Victim	382	(1)
Employment and Income Levels	383	(4)
Race	387	(1)
Costs of Poverty	387	(3)
Homelessness and Housing	387	(2)
Personal Costs	389	(1)
Roles of Social Workers in Dealing with Poverty	390	(6)
Social Welfare Programs	390	(4)
Psychosocial Interventions	394	(1)
Advocacy	395	(1)
Conclusion	396	(1)
Key Terms	396	(1)
Questions for Discussion	396	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	397	(1)
Exercises	397	(3)
References	400	(4)
Substance Abuse	404	(37)
Substance Abuse and Human Development	406	(10)
Types of Drugs	407	(6)
Dependence and Addiction	413	(1)
Causes of Dependence and Addiction	413	(3)
Substance Abuse Treatment and Prevention	416	(4)
Historical Background	416	(1)
Current Context	417	(1)
The Role of the Social Worker	418	(2)
Diversity Issues and Populations at Risk	420	(7)
Women	422	(1)
African Americans	423	(1)
Latino Populations	424	(1)
Indigenous People	425	(1)
The Gay and Lesbian Community	426	(1)
Social Work Values and Ethics	427	(3)
Should Drug Use During Pregnancy Be Prosecuted?	427	(2)
Are Needle Exchange Programs Ethical?	429	(1)
Should Some Drugs Be Legalized?	429	(1)
Emerging Issues and Future Concerns	430	(3)
AOD Problems in the Workplace	430	(1)
Drugs and HIV/AIDS	431	(1)
Criminalization or Treatment	432	(1)
Conclusion	433	(1)
Key Terms	434	(1)
Questions for Discussion	434	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	435	(1)
Exercises	435	(2)
References	437	(4)
Technological Systems and Social Work	441	(49)
Using Technology with Individuals and Groups	443	(4)
Services for Individuals	443	(2)
Technology and Groups	445	(2)
Using Technology with Communities	447	(4)
Geographic Information Systems	447	(1)
Education and Skills Development	448	(1)
Outreach and Publicity	448	(1)
Legislative Advocacy	449	(1)
Collection and Use of Data	449	(2)
Using Technology in Administration and Research	451	(2)
Administration	451	(1)
Research	452	(1)
Technology and Social Work Education	453	(1)
Conclusion	454	(1)
Key Terms	454	(1)
Questions for Discussion	455	(1)
How to Become a Change Agent	455	(1)
Exercises	455	(2)
References	457	(4)
Appendixes
A. NASW Code of Ethics	461	(23)
B. Web Resources	484	(6)
Glossary	490	(8)
Index	498