LabVIEW 8 Student Edition

by National Instruments Inc., n; Bishop, Robert H

• ISBN13: 9780131999183
• ISBN10: 0131999184
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

The defacto industry standard for test, measurement, and automation software solutions. LabVIEW 8 delivers the graphical programming capabilities that allow users to design programmable software solutions to problems and lab experiments. This version includes new chapter covering LabVIEW MathScript and an upgrade to Chapter 11 Analysis to reflect 150 new and enhanced analysis VIs. A new Appendix has been added to include exciting innovative developments with Sound Card API, LabVIEW Project and Shared Variables For electrical engineers, and those involved in measurement and instrumentation.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
LabView Basics	1	(44)
System Configuration Requirements	2	(1)
Installing the LabView Student Edition	2	(1)
The LabView Environment	3	(2)
The Getting Started Screen	5	(4)
Panel and Diagram Windows	9	(5)
Front Panel Toolbar	9	(4)
Block Diagram Toolbar	13	(1)
Shortcut Menus	14	(2)
Pull-Down Menus	16	(6)
File Menu	16	(1)
Edit Menu	17	(1)
View Menu	17	(2)
Project Menu	19	(1)
Operate Menu	20	(1)
Tools Menu	20	(1)
Window Menu	20	(1)
Help Menu	21	(1)
Palettes	22	(4)
Tools Palette	22	(1)
Controls Palette	23	(2)
Functions Palette	25	(1)
Opening, Loading, and Saving VIs	26	(2)
LabView Help Options	28	(2)
Context Help Window	28	(1)
LabView Help	29	(1)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	30	(3)
Relaxed Reading: Remote Controlled Excavation with LabView	33	(2)
Summary	35	(10)
Exercises	37	(4)
Problems	41	(1)
Designs	42	(3)
Virtual Instruments	45	(50)
What Are Virtual Instruments?	45	(3)
Several Worked Examples	48	(7)
The Front Panel	55	(5)
Numeric Controls and Indicators	55	(2)
Boolean Controls and Indicators	57	(1)
Configuring Controls and Indicators	58	(2)
The Block Diagram	60	(8)
VIs and Express VIs	60	(1)
Nodes	61	(1)
Terminals	62	(3)
Wiring	65	(3)
Building Your First VI	68	(5)
Data Flow Programming	73	(2)
Building a VI Using Express VIs	75	(7)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	82	(2)
Relaxed Reading: LabView Automates Brain Wave Experiments	84	(2)
Summary	86	(9)
Exercises	87	(3)
Problems	90	(3)
Designs	93	(2)
MathScript	95	(52)
What is MathScript?	96	(1)
Accessing the MathScript Interactive Window	97	(6)
The Command History Window	99	(1)
Copying Output Window Data	100	(1)
Viewing Data in a Variety of Formats	100	(3)
MathScript Help	103	(1)
Syntax	104	(11)
Key MathScript Functions	114	(1)
Defining Functions and Creating Scripts	115	(7)
User-Defined Functions	116	(3)
Scripts	119	(3)
Saving, Loading, and Exporting Data Files	122	(4)
Saving and Loading Data Files	122	(3)
Exporting to Microsoft Excel	125	(1)
MathScript Nodes	126	(9)
Accessing the MathScript Node	127	(1)
Entering Scripts into the MathScript Node	128	(1)
Input and Output Variables	129	(3)
Saving Scripts from within the MathScript Node	132	(3)
Applications of MathScript	135	(3)
Instrument your Algorithms	135	(1)
Graphical Signal Processing, Analysis, and Mathematics	136	(1)
Integrating Measurement Hardware	136	(2)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	138	(2)
Relaxed Reading	140	(1)
Summary	141	(6)
Exercises	143	(1)
Problems	144	(1)
Designs	144	(3)
Editing and Debugging Virtual Instruments	147	(49)
Editing Techniques	148	(25)
Creating Controls and Indicators on the Block Diagram	148	(1)
Selecting Objects	149	(3)
Moving Objects	152	(1)
Deleting and Duplicating Objects	152	(1)
Resizing Objects	153	(1)
Labeling Objects	154	(2)
Changing Font, Style, and Size of Text	156	(2)
Selecting and Deleting Wires	158	(1)
Wire Stretching and Broken Wires	159	(5)
Aligning, Distributing, and Resizing Objects	164	(2)
Coloring Objects	166	(7)
Debugging Techniques	173	(8)
Finding Errors	173	(2)
Highlight Execution	175	(1)
Single Stepping Through a VI and Its SubVIs	175	(2)
Breakpoints and Probes	177	(4)
Navigation Window	181	(1)
A Few Shortcuts	181	(2)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	183	(2)
Relaxed Reading	185	(2)
Summary	187	(9)
Exercises	188	(3)
Problems	191	(3)
Designs	194	(2)
SubVIs	196	(36)
What Is a SubVI?	196	(2)
Review of the Basics	198	(2)
Editing the Icon and Connector	200	(7)
Icons	200	(3)
Connectors	203	(1)
Selecting and Modifying Terminal Patterns	204	(2)
Assigning Terminals to Controls and Indicators	206	(1)
The Help Window	207	(4)
Using a VI as a SubVI	211	(3)
Creating a SubVI from a Selection	214	(2)
Saving Your SubVI	216	(1)
The Hierarchy Window	216	(3)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	219	(3)
Relaxed Reading: LabView Real-Time at Biosphere	222	(1)
Summary	223	(9)
Exercises	225	(3)
Problems	228	(2)
Designs	230	(2)
Structures	232	(57)
The For Loop	232	(7)
Numeric Conversion	234	(5)
The While Loop	239	(5)
Shift Registers and Feedback Nodes	244	(8)
Shift Registers	244	(2)
Using Shift Registers to Remember Data Values from Previous Loop Iterations	246	(1)
Initializing Shift Registers	247	(3)
Feedback Nodes	250	(2)
Case Structures	252	(11)
Adding and Deleting Cases	255	(3)
Wiring Inputs and Outputs	258	(5)
Flat Sequence Structures	263	(3)
Evaluate and Control Timing in a Sequence Structure	263	(3)
Avoid the Overuse of Sequence Structures	266	(1)
The Formula Node	266	(4)
Formula Node Input and Output Variables	267	(1)
Formula Statements	267	(3)
Some Common Problems in Wiring Structures	270	(2)
Failing to Wire a Tunnel in All Cases of a Case Structure	270	(1)
Overlapping Tunnels	271	(1)
Wiring Underneath Rather Than Through a Structure	271	(1)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	272	(4)
Relaxed Reading: Investigating Global Warming with LabView	276	(2)
Summary	278	(11)
Exercises	280	(4)
Problems	284	(3)
Designs	287	(2)
Arrays and Clusters	289	(53)
Arrays	289	(5)
Creating Array Controls and Indicators	290	(3)
Multidimensional Arrays	293	(1)
Creating Arrays with Loops	294	(3)
Creating Two-Dimensional Arrays	297	(1)
Array Functions	297	(14)
Array Size	299	(1)
Initialize Array	299	(1)
Build Array	300	(2)
Array Subset	302	(1)
Index Array	303	(8)
Polymorphism	311	(3)
Clusters	314	(1)
Creating Cluster Controls and Indicators	315	(3)
Cluster Order	316	(2)
Using Clusters to Pass Data to and from SubVIs	318	(1)
Cluster Functions	318	(8)
The Bundle Function	318	(5)
The Unbundle Function	323	(1)
Creating Cluster Constants on the Block Diagram	324	(1)
Using Polymorphism with Clusters	325	(1)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	326	(3)
Relaxed Reading: LabView Monitors Medieval Bell Tower	329	(3)
Summary	332	(10)
Exercises	334	(3)
Problems	337	(2)
Designs	339	(3)
Charts and Graphs	342	(42)
Waveform Charts	342	(9)
Waveform Graphs	351	(7)
XY Graphs	358	(3)
Customizing Charts and Graphs	361	(13)
Axes Scaling	361	(4)
The Legend	365	(1)
The Graph Palette and Scale Legend	366	(2)
Special Chart-Customizing Features	368	(2)
Special Graph-Customizing Features: Cursor Legend	370	(2)
Using Graph Annotations	372	(1)
Exporting Images of Graphs, Charts, and Tables	373	(1)
Using Context Help	374	(1)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	374	(2)
Relaxed Reading: Spacecraft Attitude Determination on the Web	376	(2)
Summary	378	(6)
Exercises	379	(2)
Problems	381	(1)
Designs	382	(2)
Data Acquisition	384	(76)
Components of a DAQ System	384	(2)
Types of Signals	386	(8)
Digital Signals	387	(1)
Analog DC Signals	388	(2)
Analog AC Signals	390	(1)
Analog Frequency-Domain Signals	391	(2)
One Signal---Five Measurement Perspectives	393	(1)
Common Transducers and Signal Conditioning	394	(4)
Signal Grounding and Measurements	398	(5)
Signal Source Reference Configuration	398	(2)
Measurement System	400	(3)
Analog to Digital Conversion Considerations	403	(6)
DAQ VI Organization	409	(1)
Choosing Your Data Acquisition Device	410	(3)
M-Series Data Acquisition Devices	410	(1)
Low Cost Data Acquisition for Students	411	(1)
Simulated Data Acquisition	411	(1)
Macintosh, Linux, Palm OS, Windows Mobile for Pocket PC, and select Windows CE OS devices	412	(1)
DAQ Hardware Configuration	413	(10)
Windows	413	(8)
Channels and Tasks	421	(2)
Using the DAQ Assistant	423	(7)
DAQmx Task Name Constant	427	(3)
Analog Input	430	(5)
Task Timing	430	(1)
Task Triggering	431	(4)
Analog Output	435	(7)
Task Timing	436	(1)
Task Triggering	437	(5)
Digital Input and Output	442	(6)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	448	(3)
Generating Pulse Width Modulated Signals with Hardware Counters	448	(2)
Applications of Pulse Width Modulation	450	(1)
Relaxed Reading: Fuel Cell Catalyst Research	451	(2)
Summary	453	(7)
Exercises	457	(1)
Problems	457	(2)
Designs	459	(1)
Strings and File I/O	460	(35)
Strings	460	(10)
Converting Numeric Values to Strings with the Build Text Express VI	467	(3)
File I/O	470	(15)
Writing Data to a File	472	(4)
Reading Data from a File	476	(1)
Manipulating Spreadsheet Files	477	(3)
File I/O Express VIs	480	(5)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	485	(1)
Relaxed Reading: Using LabView in Drive-by-Wire Testing	486	(2)
Summary	488	(7)
Exercises	489	(2)
Problems	491	(2)
Designs	493	(2)
Analysis	495	(74)
Linear Algebra	495	(10)
Review of Matrices	496	(4)
System of Algebraic Equations	500	(3)
Linear System VIs	503	(2)
Statistics and Curve Fitting	505	(10)
Curve Fits Based on Least Squares Methods	506	(3)
Fitting a Curve to Data with Normal Distributions	509	(2)
The Curve Fitting Express VI	511	(4)
Differential Equations	515	(8)
Finding Zeroes of Functions	523	(3)
Integration and Differentiation	526	(1)
Signal Generation	526	(9)
Normalized Frequency	527	(4)
Wave and Pattern VIs	531	(2)
The Simulate Signal Express VI	533	(2)
Signal Processing	535	(25)
The Fourier Transform	535	(4)
Smoothing Windows	539	(6)
The Spectral Measurements Express VI	545	(2)
Filtering	547	(10)
The Filter Express VI	557	(2)
The LabView Digital Filter Design Toolkit	559	(1)
Building Blocks: Pulse Width Modulation	560	(2)
Relaxed Reading: Motorcycle Brake Testing	562	(2)
Summary	564	(5)
Exercises	566	(1)
Problems	567	(1)
Designs	568	(1)
Instrument Control	569	(28)
Components of an Instrument Control System	570	(6)
What Is GPIB?	570	(1)
GPIB Messages	571	(1)
GPIB Devices and Configurations	571	(4)
Serial Port Communication	575	(1)
Detecting and Configuring Instruments	576	(4)
Windows	577	(1)
Macintosh OS X and Linux	577	(3)
Using the Instrument I/O Assistant	580	(7)
Instrument Drivers	587	(7)
Developing Your Own Instrument Driver	593	(1)
Future of Instrument Drivers and Instrument Control	594	(1)
Summary	595	(2)
Other LabView Applications	597	(14)
Acquiring Data with the Sound Card	598	(1)
Managing Programs with the LabView Project	598	(2)
Sharing Data with Shared Variables	600	(2)
LabView Toolkits	602	(1)
Prototyping a Model-Based Control Solution	603	(4)
Developing a Plant Model	603	(1)
Control Design	604	(1)
Simulation	605	(1)
Deployment	606	(1)
Using Multisim for Integrated Circuit Simulation and Verification	607	(2)
Summary	609	(2)
Index	611