To the Instructor | p. xi |
To the Student | p. xxi |
What Is Critical Thinking? | p. 1 |
Some Definitions of Critical Thinking | p. 1 |
Some Prominent Features of Critical Thinking | p. 3 |
Three Parts of Critical Thinking | p. 5 |
What Critical Thinking Is Not | p. 13 |
Impediments to Critical Thinking | p. 18 |
Deeper, More Pervasive Impediments to Critical Thinking | p. 23 |
How Deep Is Our Need for Critical Thinking? | p. 28 |
The Experience of Learning to Think Things Through | p. 31 |
Getting Started: Clarifying with SEE-I | p. 33 |
An Overview of the Book That Lies Ahead | p. 38 |
Some Outcomes | p. 40 |
Chapter 1 Exercises | p. 42 |
The Elements of Reasoning | p. 49 |
The Nuts and Bolts of Critical Thinking | p. 50 |
The Elements of Reasoning | p. 50 |
Purpose | p. 52 |
Question at Issue | p. 53 |
Assumptions | p. 54 |
Implications and Consequences | p. 56 |
Information | p. 57 |
Concepts | p. 58 |
Conclusions, Interpretations | p. 60 |
Point of View | p. 61 |
Alternatives | p. 64 |
Context | p. 66 |
A Visualization | p. 67 |
Three Additional Elements of Reasoning | p. 68 |
How to Analyze a Piece of Reasoning Using the Elements | p. 71 |
Example: Thinking Through the Logic of Getting Married | p. 75 |
Trusting the Process | p. 79 |
Some Outcomes | p. 80 |
Chapter 2 Exercises | p. 81 |
What Is Critical Thinking Within a Field or Discipline? | p. 89 |
The Parts of Critical Thinking Within a Field | p. 92 |
Thinking Biologically, Thinking Sociologically, Thinking Philosophically, Thinking Musically ... | p. 95 |
The Logic of the Field or Discipline | p. 97 |
Box: An Analysis of the Logic of Earth Sciences | p. 100 |
Box: Logic of a Literature Course | p. 101 |
Learning the Vocabulary of the Discipline | p. 103 |
Fundamental and Powerful Concepts | p. 105 |
Box: Identifying Fundamental and Powerful Concepts | p. 108 |
Box: Short Essay: Using Fundamental and Powerful Concepts to Think Through a Central Question in an Introduction to Sociology Course | p. 115 |
The Point of View of the Discipline | p. 117 |
Impediments to Thinking Critically Within a Discipline | p. 119 |
Trusting the Discipline | p. 124 |
Box: A Case | p. 126 |
Some Outcomes | p. 129 |
Chapter 3 Exercises | p. 131 |
Standards of Critical Thinking | p. 139 |
Clearness | p. 140 |
Accuracy | p. 145 |
Importance, Relevance | p. 148 |
Sufficiency | p. 150 |
Depth and Breadth | p. 154 |
Precision | p. 157 |
Understanding and Internalizing Critical-Thinking Standards | p. 159 |
Additional Critical-Thinking Standards | p. 160 |
Non-Critical-Thinking Standards | p. 160 |
Evaluating Around the Circle | p. 162 |
Critical Reading | p. 163 |
Box: Standards Check | p. 166 |
Some Outcomes | p. 168 |
Chapter 4 Exercises | p. 169 |
Putting It All Together: Answering Critical-Thinking Questions | p. 175 |
The Core Process of Critical Thinking | p. 176 |
How Do You Fit into the Picture? Becoming a Critical Thinker | p. 181 |
Thinking Through Important Critical-Thinking Questions | p. 183 |
Box: Thinking Critically About Questions | p. 184 |
Critical Writing: Using the Core Process to Write a Paper | p. 201 |
Some Outcomes | p. 206 |
Chapter 5 Exercises | p. 207 |
Responses to Starred Exercises | p. 215 |
Notes | p. 223 |
Index | p. 227 |
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