Liberty and Order

by Banning, Lance

• ISBN13: 9780865974173
• ISBN10: 0865974179
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-01-01
• Publisher: Liberty Fund

Summary

Liberty and Order is an ambitious anthology of primary source writings: letters, circulars, debate transcriptions, House proceedings, and newspaper articles that document the years during which America's founding generation divided over the sort of country the United States was to become. With this significant collection, the reader receives a deeper understanding of the complex issues, struggles, and personalities that made up the first great party battle and that continue to shape our representative government today.

Author Biography

Lance Banning is Professor of History at the University of Kentucky, where he has taught since 1973

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Apprehensions	1	(42)
The Anti-Federalists	3	(7)
Letters from the Federal Farmer, No. 7 (31 December 1787)	3	(3)
``Brutus,'' Essay II (1 November 1787)	6	(4)
Amendments Recommended by the Several State Conventions	10	(8)
Amendments Proposed by the Virginia Convention (27 June 1788)	10	(2)
Ratification of the State of New York (26 July 1788)	12	(5)
The Circular Letter from the Ratification Convention of the State of New York to the Governors of the Several States in the Union (28 July 1788)	17	(1)
Federalist Concerns	18	(3)
James Madison to George Washington, New York (11 August 1788)	18	(1)
Madison to Washington, New York (24 August 1788)	18	(1)
James Madison to Thomas Jefferson (21 September 1788)	19	(1)
Madison to Jefferson (8 December 1788)	19	(2)
The Bill of Rights	21	(13)
Proceedings in the House of Representatives (8 June 1789)	21	(9)
Proceedings in the House of Representatives (13 August 1789)	30	(4)
Apprehensions Unallayed	34	(9)
On the Constitutional Amendments	34	(1)
``Pacificus'' to James Madison, New York Daily Advertiser (14 August 1789)	34	(1)
Richard Henry Lee and William Grayson to the Speaker of the Virginia House of Delegates (28 September 1789)	35	(1)
William Grayson to Patrick Henry (29 September 1789)	35	(1)
Popular Instruction of Representatives (15 August 1789)	36	(2)
Titles	38	(1)
Proceedings in the House of Representatives (11 May 1789)	38	(3)
Fisher Ames to George Richards Minot (14 May 1789)	41	(1)
James Madison to Thomas Jefferson (23 May 1789)	41	(2)
The Leadership Divides	43	(96)
Funding and Assumption	45	(25)
The First Report on Public Credit (14 January 1790)	45	(4)
Alexander Hamilton
Debates in the House of Representatives on the First Report on Public Credit (9--18 February 1790)	49	(15)
Memorandum on the Compromise of 1790	64	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Opposition Out of Doors	65	(1)
Benjamin Rush to Madison (27 February 1790)	65	(1)
Walter Jones to Madison (25 March 1790)	65	(1)
Henry Lee to Madison (3 April 1790)	66	(1)
Edward Carrington to Madison (7 April 1790)	66	(1)
George Lee Turberville to Madison (7 April 1790)	67	(1)
Benjamin Rush to Madison (10 April 1790)	67	(1)
Boston Independent Chronicle (12 August 1790)	67	(1)
Virginia's Remonstrance Against the Assumption of State Debts (16 December 1790)	68	(2)
The Constitution and the National Bank	70	(18)
Notes on the Advantages of a National Bank (27 March 1791)	70	(3)
Alexander Hamilton
James Madison's Speech on the Bank Bill (2 February 1791)	73	(4)
Opinion on the Constitutionality of a National Bank (15 February 1791)	77	(3)
Thomas Jefferson
Opinion on the Constitutionality of a National Bank (15 February 1791)	80	(6)
Alexander Hamilton
James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, On Speculative Excess (Summer 1791)	86	(2)
Commerce and Manufactures	88	(14)
Notes on the State of Virginia (1785)	88	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson and Madison on Republican Political Economy	89	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to G. K. van Hogendorp (13 October 1785)	89	(1)
James Madison to Thomas Jefferson (19 June 1786)	89	(1)
James Madison to James Monroe (7 August 1785)	90	(1)
Speech in the House of Representatives on Commercial Retaliation and Discrimination (25 April 1789)	91	(1)
James Madison
Congressional Proceedings on Commercial Discrimination (1789)	92	(1)
James Madison to Thomas Jefferson (30 June 1789)	92	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to James Madison (28 August 1789)	93	(1)
Report on the Subject of Manufactures (5 December 1791)	94	(8)
Alexander Hamilton
The Collision	102	(37)
Essays for the National Gazette (1792)	102	(1)
James Madison
``Consolidation'' (3 December 1791)	102	(1)
``Charters'' (18 January 1792)	103	(1)
``Parties'' (23 January 1792)	104	(1)
``Government of the United States'' (4 February 1792)	104	(1)
``Republican Distribution of Citizens'' (3 March 1792)	105	(1)
``Fashion'' (20 March 1792)	106	(1)
``Property'' (27 March 1792)	107	(1)
Speech in the House of Representatives on the Apportionment Bill (9 April 1792)	108	(2)
William Branch Giles
Letters of Fisher Ames to George Richards Minot (1791--1792)	110	(1)
30 November 1791	110	(1)
8 March 1792	111	(1)
3 May 1792	111	(1)
``Rules for Changing a Limited Republican Government into an Unlimited Hereditary One'' (4 and 7 July 1792)	111	(4)
Philip Freneau
Alexander Hamilton to Edward Carrington (26 May 1792)	115	(5)
An Administration Divided	120	(1)
Memorandum of a Conversation with the President (29 February 1792)	121	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson to George Washington (23 May 1792)	122	(3)
Memorandum of a Conversation with Washington (10 July 1792)	125	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton to George Washington, Objections and Answers Respecting the Administration of the Government (August 1792)	126	(4)
Alexander Hamilton to George Washington (9 September 1792)	130	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to George Washington, Monticello (9 September 1792)	131	(4)
Memorandum of a Conversation with the President (1 October 1792)	135	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Memorandum of a Conversation with the President (7 February 1793)	135	(1)
Thomas Jefferson
Further Essays for the National Gazette	136	(1)
James Madison
``Spirit of Governments'' (18 February 1792)	136	(1)
``A Candid State of Parties'' (22 September 1792)	137	(2)
The French Revolution and the People	139	(84)
Neutrality	141	(12)
``An Old French Soldier'' (Philadelphia) General Advertiser (27 August 1793)	141	(1)
``Pacificus,'' No. 1 (29 June 1793)	142	(3)
Alexander Hamilton
``Helvidius,'' No. 1 (24 August 1793)	145	(5)
James Madison
``Helvidius,'' No. 4 (14 September 1793)	150	(3)
James Madison
Commerce and Seizures	153	(16)
Speech in the House of Representatives (13 January 1794)	153	(5)
William Loughton Smith
Speech in the House of Representatives (14 January 1794)	158	(4)
James Madison
``Political Observations'' (20 April 1795)	162	(7)
James Madison
The Popular Societies, the Excise, and the Whiskey Rebellion	169	(19)
The Democratic Society of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) Principles, Articles, and Regulations (30 May 1793)	169	(1)
Condemnations, Defenses, and Society Attacks on the Excise	170	(1)
``A Friend to Good Government,'' New York Daily Gazette (21 February 1794)	170	(1)
``A Friend to Rational Government,'' New York Journal (22 February 1794)	170	(1)
Republican Society of the Town of Newark (New Jersey), Newark Gazette (19 March 1794)	171	(1)
Address of the Democratic Society in Wythe County, Virginia, to the People of the United States, Newark Gazette (18 June 1794)	171	(1)
Republican Society of Newark (9 June 1794)	172	(1)
The Democratic Society of Philadelphia	172	(1)
``For the Columbian Centinel,'' Boston (27 September 1794)	172	(1)
The Rebellion	173	(1)
Letter to General Lee from Alexander Addison	173	(3)
``Self-Created Societies''	176	(1)
Message to the Third Congress (19 November 1794)	176	(3)
George Washington
Proceedings in the House of Representatives on the President's Speech (24--27 November 1794)	179	(6)
James Madison to James Monroe (4 December 1794)	185	(1)
Democratic Society of Pennsylvania (9 October 1794)	186	(2)
Jay's Treaty and Washington's Farewell	188	(35)
``Features of Mr. Jay's Treaty'' (18 July--7 August 1795)	188	(4)
Alexander James Dallas
Antitreaty Memorials	192	(1)
Memorial of the Citizens of Philadelphia (July 1795)	192	(1)
Petition to the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia (12 October 1795)	193	(4)
The ``Camillus'' Essays (22 July 1795--9 January 1796)	197	(1)
Alexander Hamilton
``The Defence, No. 1'' (22 July 1795)	197	(1)
``The Defence, No. 2'' (25 July 1795)	198	(3)
``The Defence, No. 18'' (6 October 1795)	201	(1)
``The Defence, No. 37'' (6 January 1796)	201	(1)
``The Defence, No. 38'' (9 January 1796)	202	(1)
House Debates on Implementing Jay's Treaty (1796)	203	(12)
Washington's Farewell Address (19 September 1796)	215	(8)
Liberty and Order	223	(38)
The Black Cockade Fever	225	(6)
Philadelphia, 1798	225	(1)
Abigail Adams to Her Sister (7 April 1798)	225	(1)
Abigail Adams to Her Sister (22 April 1798)	225	(1)
Abigail Adams to Her Sister (26 April 1798)	225	(1)
Abigail Adams to Her Sister (10 May 1798)	226	(1)
Alexander Hamilton to George Washington (19 May 1798)	226	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to John Taylor (4 June 1798)	227	(1)
Addresses to the President, with His Replies (April--August 1798)	228	(1)
Address of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of Philadelphia to the President of the United States (April 1798)	228	(1)
Address of the Young Men of the City of Philadelphia, the District of Southwark, and the Northern Liberties (May 1798)	229	(1)
Address of the Officers and Soldiers of the Chester Light Infantry Company of Volunteers in the County of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania (25 August 1798)	230	(1)
The Sedition Act (14 July 1798)	231	(1)
Popular Protest	232	(1)
``Advertisement Extraordinary!!!'' (Philadelphia) Aurora (14 July 1798)	232	(1)
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions	233	(28)
Draft of the Kentucky Resolutions (October 1798)	233	(3)
Thomas Jefferson
The Virginia Resolutions (21 December 1798)	236	(1)
James Madison
State Replies to the Resolutions	237	(1)
The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations to Virginia (February 1799)	237	(1)
New Hampshire Resolution on the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (15 June 1799)	238	(1)
Congressional Report Defending the Alien and Sedition Laws (21 February 1799)	238	(5)
The Report of 1800	243	(18)
James Madison
The Jeffersonian Ascendancy: Domestic Policy, 1801--1808	261	(44)
The Jeffersonian Program	263	(6)
The First Inaugural Address (4 March 1801)	263	(2)
Thomas Jefferson
First Annual Message (8 December 1801)	265	(4)
Thomas Jefferson
The Jeffersonian Vision	269	(8)
Letters of the President (1799--1802)	269	(1)
To Elbridge Gerry (26 January 1799)	269	(1)
To P.S. Dupont de Nemours (18 January 1802)	270	(1)
``The Danger Not Over'' (5 October 1801)	271	(2)
Edmund Pendleton
``Falkland,'' No. 2 (6 February 1801)	273	(4)
Fisher Ames
Repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801	277	(15)
Congressional Proceedings	277	(11)
Editorials on the Repeal	288	(1)
``A Friend of the Constitution'' [William Cranch], No. 1, Washington Federalist (7 December 1801)	288	(1)
``A Friend of the Constitution'' [William Cranch], No. 5, Washington Federalist (12 December 1801)	289	(2)
``Serious Considerations Addressed to All Serious Federalists,'' No. 3 (Washington), National Intelligencer (1 December 1802)	291	(1)
The Impeachment of Samuel Chase (1804--1805)	292	(8)
Articles of Impeachment (30 November 1804)	292	(1)
Proceedings in the Senate (February 1805)	293	(1)
Address of John Randolph (9 February 1805)	293	(1)
The Testimony	294	(6)
Report on Internal Improvements (4 April 1808)	300	(5)
Albert Gallatin
Jeffersonian Foreign Policy	305	(40)
The Louisiana Purchase	307	(14)
Thomas Jefferson to Robert R. Livingston (18 April 1802)	307	(2)
Thomas Jefferson to John C. Breckinridge (12 August 1803)	309	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to Wilson Cary Nicholas (7 September 1803)	310	(1)
``Purchase of Louisiana,'' New York Evening Post (5 July 1803)	310	(3)
Alexander Hamilton
Federalist Alarm	313	(1)
Rufus King to Timothy Pickering (?) (4 November 1803)	313	(1)
Timothy Pickering to Rufus King (3 March 1804)	313	(1)
Timothy Pickering to Rufus King (4 March 1804)	313	(2)
A Republican Response	315	(1)
``Desultory Reflections on the Aspect of Politics in Relation to the Western People,'' by ``Phocion'' (Essay #1), Kentucky Gazette and General Advertiser (27 September 1803)	315	(1)
Senate Debates on the Louisiana Purchase (2--3 November 1803)	316	(5)
The Embargo	321	(4)
An Act Laying an Embargo on All Ships and Vessels in the Ports and Harbors of the United States (22 December 1807)	321	(1)
Editorials on the Embargo	321	(1)
``Embargo,'' National Intelligencer (23 December 1807)	321	(2)
Alarming Information: A Letter from the Hon. Timothy Pickering, a Senator of the United States from the State of Massachusetts, exhibiting to his constituents, a view of the imminent danger of an unnecessary and ruinous war, addressed to His Excellency James Sullivan, Governor of said State, Connecticut Courant (23 March 1808)	323	(2)
Resistance, Enforcement, and Repeal	325	(6)
Albert Gallatin to Jefferson (18 December 1807)	326	(1)
Jefferson to Jacob Crowninshield, Secretary of the Navy (16 July 1808)	326	(1)
Gallatin to Jefferson (29 July 1808)	326	(1)
Jefferson to Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War (9 August 1808)	327	(1)
Elisha Tracy (of Norwich, Conn.) to Jefferson (15 September 1808)	327	(1)
Jefferson to Mr. Letue (8 November 1808)	327	(1)
Resolutions of the Connecticut General Assembly (23 February 1809)	327	(1)
John Adams to Benjamin Rush (27 September 1808)	328	(1)
John Adams to J. B. Varnum (26 December 1808)	329	(2)
The War of 1812	331	(14)
Madison's War Message (2 June 1812)	331	(3)
Speech Opposing the War (24 June 1812)	334	(4)
Samuel Taggart
Speech Supporting the War (9 January 1813)	338	(4)
Henry Clay
Report and Resolutions of the Hartford Convention (4 January 1815)	342	(3)
The End of an Era	345	(12)
Madison's Seventh Annual Message (5 December 1815)	347	(3)
Madison's Veto of the Internal Improvements Bill (3 March 1817)	350	(2)
In Retrospect	352	(5)
The Adams-Jefferson Correspondence	352	(1)
John Adams to Thomas Jefferson (13 July 1813)	352	(1)
Adams to Jefferson (30 June 1813)	353	(1)
Adams to Jefferson (13 November 1815)	353	(1)
Jefferson to Adams (11 January 1816)	353	(1)
Thomas Jefferson to Justice William Johnson (12 June 1823)	354	(1)
Republican Farewells	355	(1)
Jefferson to Madison (17 February 1826)	355	(1)
Madison to Jefferson (24 February 1826)	355	(2)
Bibliography	357	(2)
Index	359