Light Sources: Technologies and Applications

by Kitsinelis; Spiros

• ISBN13: 9781439820797
• ISBN10: 1439820791
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-10-29
• Publisher: CRC Press

Summary

From the dialogues of the ancient Greek philosophers right up through the physical laws of Newton, the experiments of Thomas Young and the quantum physics pioneers, the study of light was all about observing its characteristics and defining its behavior. At the end of the 19 th century, wicks, wax, and oil gave way to electricity, filaments, and gases, and scientific minds began to focus on the technological creation of light, as well as its control and diverse uses. Yet, despite more than a century of profound research and development, until now, the most complete resources on lighting technology have always been compiled by and subject to the biases of commercial lighting companies. Light Sources: Technologies and Applications answers the need of a huge and diverse range of scientists, technicians, and engineers involved in the use and development of light sources across any number of fields. Spectroscopy, architecture, lighting design, irradiation, optics, and imaging are just a few of these uses.After delving into basic principles of light and vision, the book focuses on the three main technologies used to create light through electricity (incandescent/filament, charged gas, solid state diode) and the various families of light sources and applications born out of the three. Written by Dr. Spiros Kitsinelis, highly respected for his work on the development of novel and energy efficient light sources, the book includes data needed by researchers and technicians, as well as comparative charts and explanatory diagrams.Dr. Kitsinelis also includes descriptions and photographs of representative products of each family of light sources. Concise and practical, while remaining both thorough and elegant, he offers a deeper analysis on the nature of light and the processes of creating it. Ultimately, he offers the depth required to satisfy pioneering research as well as applications to serve the immediate needs of everyday life.

Author Biography

Dr. Kitsinelis also includes descriptions and photographs of representative products of each family of light sources. Concise and practical, while remaining both thorough and elegant, he offers a deeper analysis on the nature of light and the processes of creating it. Ultimately, he offers the depth required to satisfy pioneering research as well as applications to serve the immediate needs of everyday life.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Author's Bio	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
References	p. 3
Basic Principles of Light and Vision	p. 5
Nature and Properties of Light	p. 5
Vision	p. 12
Light Source Characteristics	p. 17
White Light	p. 22
Measuring Light	p. 24
Electrical Incandescent Light Sources	p. 29
Conventional Incandescent Lamps	p. 31
Halogen Incandescent Lamps	p. 40
Evaluation of the Technology	p. 47
Codes/Product Categorization	p. 48
Electrocandoluminescence: A Novel Light Source	p. 50
General Sources	p. 53
Electrical Discharge Lamps	p. 55
Plasma Processes	p. 55
Elastic Collisions	p. 58
Inelastic Collisions	p. 58
Superelastic Collisions	p. 58
Low-Pressure Discharge Lamps	p. 59
Low-Pressure Mercury Vapor Discharges	p. 59
The Phosphors	p. 60
The Electrodes	p. 64
The Ballast	p. 66
Low-Pressure Noble Gas Discharges	p. 71
Low-Pressure Sodium Vapor Discharges	p. 80
Pressure Effect	p. 83
Thermal Equilibrium	p. 83
Line Broadening	p. 84
High-Pressure Discharge Lamps	p. 85
High-Pressure Mercury Vapor Discharges	p. 86
High-Pressure Sodium Vapor Discharges	p. 89
Metal Halide Discharge Lamps	p. 93
High-Pressure Xenon Gas Discharges	p. 100
Carbon Arc Lamp	p. 105
Induction Lamps	p. 105
Low-Pressure Mercury Vapor Induction Lamp	p. 106
The Sulfur Lamp	p. 107
Pulsed Operation	p. 111
Alternative Discharge Light Sources	p. 115
Microdischarge Properties for Development of Light Sources	p. 119
References	p. 123
Solid-State Light Sources	p. 125
Light-Emitting Diode (LED)	p. 126
Organic Leds	p. 133
Led White Light Emissions	p. 134
Led Operation	p. 140
Thermal Management of Leds	p. 143
What Defines the Junction Temperature?	p. 146
Overheating Avoidance	p. 147
Dimming/Controlling the Brightness	p. 149
General Characteristics of Leds	p. 150
Applications	p. 152
Signage-Visual Contact	p. 153
General Lighting-No Visual Contact with the Source	p. 154
Closing Remarks	p. 155
References and Useful Links	p. 156
Standards	p. 156
Dynamic Lighting	p. 159
Luminaires	p. 165
Lasers	p. 175
Bibliography	p. 182
Closing Remarks	p. 183
	p. 189
The Different Sections of the Electromagnetic Spectrum	p. 193
	p. 195
List of Phosphor Powders for Fluorescent Lamps	p. 197
	p. 201
	p. 203
Index	p. 205
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