Lives Across Cultures : Cross-Cultural Human Development

by Gardiner, Harry W.; Mutter, Jay D.; Kosmitzki, Corinne; Kosmitzki, Corrine

• ISBN13: 9780205191826
• ISBN10: 0205191827
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1997-11-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon, Inc.

Summary

Appropriate as a supplement for a development course where a cross-cultural approach is emphasized in departments of Psychology and Anthropology. Provides a global and multicultural perspective to human development. Chapter topics are organized chronologically.

Table of Contents

FOREWORD	IX	(4)
Walter J. Lonner
PREFACE	XIII	(6)
ABOUT THE AUTHORS	XIX
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION	1	(22)
What Is Cross-Cultural Human Development?	3	(1)
Some Important Themes	4	(13)
A Cross-Cultural Perspective	5	(4)
An Ecological Systems Approach	9	(4)
The Developmental Niche	13	(1)
A Developmental Orientation	14	(3)
A Chronological-Within-Topics Approach	17	(1)
Practical Applications	17	(1)
Design of the Book and Suggestions for Its Use	18	(1)
Some Cross-Cultural Teasers	19	(1)
Summary	20	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	21	(1)
Further Readings	21	(2)
CHAPTER TWO CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION	23	(32)
What Is Socialization?	24	(2)
Ecological Systems and the Developmental Niche	26	(5)
Some Cultural Variations in the Socialization of Behavior	31	(21)
Infancy	32	(5)
Childhood	37	(7)
Adolescence	44	(4)
Adulthood	48	(4)
Summary	52	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	53	(1)
Further Readings	53	(2)
CHAPTER THREE CULTURAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	55	(24)
Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Physical Development	56	(21)
The Prenatal Period	57	(3)
Infancy and Early Childhood	60	(8)
Middle Childhood	68	(3)
Adolescence	71	(2)
Early and Middle Adulthood	73	(1)
Later Adulthood	74	(3)
Summary	77	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	77	(1)
Further Readings	78	(1)
CHAPTER FOUR CULTURE AND COGNITION	79	(24)
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development	80	(3)
Core Structures	81	(2)
Evaluation of Piaget's Theory	83	(1)
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Development	83	(4)
Core Structures	86	(1)
Evaluation of Vygotsky's Theory	87	(1)
Some Cultural Variations in Cognition	87	(13)
Infancy	87	(3)
Childhood	90	(5)
Adolescence	95	(1)
Early Adulthood	96	(1)
Middle and Later Adulthood	97	(3)
Summary	100	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	101	(1)
Further Readings	102	(1)
CHAPTER FIVE CULTURE, SELF, AND PERSONALITY	103	(30)
Infancy and Temperament	104	(8)
Temperament and the Developmental Niche	105	(1)
Temperament and "Goodness of Fit"	106	(3)
Individual Temperament Within Different Cultural Contexts	109	(3)
Childhood and the Emergence of the Self-Concept	112	(1)
Cultural Views of the Individual	112	(2)
Individualism and Collectivism in a Balinese Village	112	(1)
Personhood in China, Japan, and the United States	113	(1)
Cultural Views of the Self as a Person	114	(4)
Culture-Specific Aspects of Self	115	(1)
The Self in Buddhism	115	(3)
Content and Context of the Self-Concept	118	(4)
Self-Esteem	120	(1)
Methodological Issues	121	(1)
Adolescence: Threshold to the Adult World	122	(3)
Identity Formation	123	(2)
Adulthood and Aging: A Time of Stability and Change	125	(5)
Social Clocks	125	(5)
Life Themes	130	(1)
Summary	130	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	131	(1)
Further Readings	132	(1)
CHAPTER SIX CULTURE AND ISSUES OF SEX AND GENDER	133	(30)
Differences Between the Genders	135	(2)
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender Differences	137	(7)
Biological Perspectives	137	(1)
Evolutionary Perspectives	138	(1)
Socialization and Learning Perspectives	139	(5)
Infancy and Childhood	144	(6)
Gender Socialization	144	(1)
Cultural Influences on Female and Male Socialization	145	(3)
Gender Relationships in Childhood	148	(2)
Adolescence	150	(3)
Markers of Sexual Maturation	150	(1)
Sexual Activity and Cultural Taboos	151	(2)
Early and Middle Adulthood	153	(6)
Cultural Views of Marriage and Other Long-Term Relationships	153	(2)
Status and the Division of Labor Within the Family	155	(1)
Division of Labor in the Work Force	156	(1)
Gender Relations in Social Status, Religion, and Public Policy	157	(2)
Later Adulthood and Old Age	159	(2)
Divorce and Widowhood	159	(1)
Gender Roles and Status in Old Age	160	(1)
Summary	161	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	162	(1)
Further Readings	162	(1)
CHAPTER SEVEN CULTURE AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR	163	(30)
Infancy	164	(7)
Child-Caretaker Relationships and Attachment Patterns	164	(7)
Childhood	171	(10)
Peer Culture and Social Relationships	172	(4)
Moral Development and Prosocial Orientation	176	(5)
Adolescence	181	(6)
Social Identity Formation	181	(2)
Influence of Family and Peers	183	(2)
Cultural Influences	185	(2)
Adulthood and Aging	187	(3)
Developmental Tasks in Middle and Later Adulthood	188	(1)
Work and Leisure in Middle Adulthood	188	(2)
Social Support and Well-Being in Later Adulthood	190	(1)
Summary	190	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	191	(1)
Further Readings	192	(1)
CHAPTER EIGHT THE FAMILY IN CULTURAL CONTEXT	193	(30)
Cultural Variations in the Family Life Cycle	194	(5)
Mate Selection	194	(2)
Marriage	196	(3)
The Birth Process Across Cultures	199	(4)
The Ecology of Birth	199	(4)
The Transition to Parenthood	203	(1)
Infancy and Childhood	203	(6)
Parental Belief Systems	204	(2)
Mothering	206	(2)
Fathering	208	(1)
Adolescence	209	(4)
The Ecological Systems Approach and Adolescence	210	(2)
Cross-Cultural Differences in Adolescent Peer Relationships	212	(1)
Adulthood and Aging	213	(7)
Grandparenthood	213	(5)
Caring for the Elderly	218	(2)
The Changing Context of Families	220	(1)
Summary	220	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	221	(1)
Further Readings	222	(1)
CHAPTER NINE CULTURE AND HEALTH	223	(30)
Medical Diagnosis Across Cultures	224	(4)
Infancy and Childhood	228	(3)
Problem Births: Premature and Low-Birth-Weight Infants	228	(1)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)	229	(1)
Parental Beliefs About Caring for Infants and Children	230	(1)
Adolescence	231	(7)
Eating Disorders	233	(3)
Culture and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)	236	(1)
Culture and Adolescent Drug Use	237	(1)
Early and Middle Adulthood	238	(8)
Transition to Maturity	239	(1)
Acculturation and Adaptation	240	(3)
Other Health Issues	243	(3)
Later Adulthood	246	(3)
Disease and Premature Aging	246	(1)
Cultural Views on Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease	247	(1)
Cultural Beliefs About Caring for the Elderly	248	(1)
Summary	249	(1)
Things to Do and Think About	250	(1)
Further Readings	251	(2)
CHAPTER TEN LOOKING TO THE FUTURE	253	(22)
Looking Back: A Review of Major Themes and Theories	254	(9)
Ecological Systems Approach	254	(2)
Developmental Niche	256	(1)
Vygotsky's Cultural-Historical Theory	257	(2)
Piaget's Cognitive Developmental Theory	259	(1)
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development and Gilligan's Critique	260	(2)
Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development	262	(1)
Interpreting Theory in and out of Cultural Context	263	(3)
Multicultural Awareness and Cultural Identity	266	(6)
Some Final Thoughts	272	(3)
REFERENCES	275	(46)
AUTHOR INDEX	321	(5)
SUBJECT INDEX	326