The Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers with MLA Guide

by Anson, Chris M.; Schwegler, Robert A.

• ISBN13: 9780321209337
• ISBN10: 0321209338
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-06-01
• Publisher: Pearson (Manual)

Summary

The Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers, 3/e, explores the connection between reading and writing, helping students develop an intuitive understanding of grammar conventions and encouraging them to adjust their writing style to meet the needs of varying audiences. A comprehensive reference to the processes of writing and research, The Longman Handbook emphasizes the reader-writer connection in two key ways. The Read, Recognize, Revise approach to editing grammar and style encourages students to use their own experience as readers to help them spot critical errors in their writing and to apply specific strategies from the text to correct them. In addition, the text highlights the expectations of various communities of writers and readers; emphasizing the academic community, it also includes unique coverage of the public and workplace communities. It outlines the kinds of writing students can expect to find in each, and offers guided advice on how best to write within the context of the community they are addressing. New material on oral presentations and online communication ensures that students are prepared to compose in contexts that extend from disciplines across the curriculum, to situations outside the classroom as well.

Table of Contents

Preface for Students and Instructors

A Guide to Using The Longman Handbook

Writing, Reading, And Thinking: Joining Communities

Readers, Writers, and Community Expectations

Recognizing Academic, Work, and Public Communities

The Composing Process: Realities and Myths

Entering Electronic Communities

Strategies for Critical Reading and Reflection

Reading Analytically

Reading Interpretively

Journals: Bridging Reading and Writing

Strategies for Effective Speaking

Effective Oral Presentation

Managing Speech Anxiety

Group Presentations and Other Public Forums

Planning Strategies for College, Work, and Public Writing

Generating Ideas and Information

Structuring Ideas and Information

Creating Generalization-Support Patterns

Planning in Electronic Environments

Planning: Paper in Progress

Defining Your Purpose and Thesis

Analyzing Your Purpose

Using Rhetorical Purposes to Guide Your Decisions

Defining a Main Idea or Thesis

Considering Your Audience

Defining Your Audience

Characterizing Your Readers

Adapting Your Content, Structure, and Style

Addressing Communities of Readers

Drafting And Revising: Shaping Your Writing For Your Community

Drafting

Moving From Planning to Drafting

Using Drafting Strategies

Drafting Collaboratively

Drafting: Paper in Progress

Revising

Making Major Revisions

Making Minor Revisions

Revising Collaboratively

Revising: Paper in Progress

Focusing, Linking, and Developing Paragraphs

Recognizing and Revising Paragraph Focus

Revising for Focus

Recognizing and Revising Paragraph Coherence

Revising for Coherence

Recognizing and Revising Paragraph Development

Using Special-Purpose Paragraphs in Academic, Work, and Public Settings

Creating Clear, Emphatic, and Varied Sentences

Creating Clear Sentences

Creating Direct Sentences

Creating Emphasis

Revising for Variety

Representing Yourself: Creating Your Place In A Community

Presenting Yourself Through Language Choices

Understanding Home and Community Language Varieties

Understanding How Dialect Influences Writing

Representing Yourself Through Critical Reasoning

What Is Critical Reasoning?

Critical Reasoning in Academic, Public, and Work Communities

Building a Chain of Reasoning: Practical Suggestions

Representing Yourself Through Critical Reasoning

Writing in Online Communities

Writing Online

Communicating With Email

Participating in Online Communities

Writing For the World Wide Web

Avoiding Plagiarism When Working Online

Designing Documents

Goals of Document Design

Principles of Document Design

Plan Your Documents

Laying Out Your Document

Using Type

Using Visuals

Model Documents

Editing And Proofreading: Meeting Community Expectations

The Editing and Proofreading Process

Editing Your Own Writing

Editing Collaboratively

Editing on the Computer

Proofreading

Editing Grammar

Recognizing Sentence Elements and Sentence Patterns

Using Words

Recognizing Sentence Parts: Subjects and Predicates

Recognizing Phrases

Recognizing Subordinate Clauses

Recognizing Different Sentence Types

Choosing Appropriate Forms of Nouns and Pronouns

Recognizing Pronoun Case

Editing Common Problems with Pronoun Case

Choosing Who and Whom

Choosing Appropriate Verb Forms

Recognizing and Editing Simple Present and Past Tense Verbs

Recognizing and Editing Problems with Participles

Editing Progressive and Perfect Tenses

Editing Troublesome Verbs

Recognizing Active and Passive Voice

Creating Clear Tense Sequence

Recognizing the Subjunctive Mood

Making Sentence Parts Agree

Creating Subject-Verb Agreement (Simple)

Creating Subject-Verb Agreement (Complex)

Editing for Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

Using Adjectives and Adverbs

Recognizing What Adjectives and Adverbs Do

Avoiding Confusion Between Adjectives and Adverbs

Choosing Correct Forms for Comparatives and Superlatives

Avoiding Double Negatives

Editing for Sentence Problems

Sentence Fragments

Recognizing Sentence Fragments

Editing Sentence Fragments

Using Partial Sentences

Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

Recognizing Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

Editing Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

Pronoun Reference

Recognizing and Editing Pronoun Reference That Is Not Clear

Recognizing and Editing Pronoun Reference That Is Not Specific

Matching Who, Which, and That

To Antecedents

Misplaced, Dangling, and Disruptive Modifiers

Recognizing and Editing Misplaced Modifiers

Recognizing and Editing Dangling Modifiers

Recognizing and Editing Disruptive Modifiers

Using Absolute Phrases Effectively

Shifts

Recognizing and Editing Shifts in Person and Number

Recognizing and Editing Shifts in Tense and Mood

Recognizing and Editing Shifts in Voice

Avoiding Shifts Between Direct and Indirect Quotation

Mixed and Incomplete Sentences

Editing Mixed Sentences

Editing Incomplete Sentences

Building Parallelism

Building Parallelism

Recognizing and Editing Problems with Parallelism

Creating Parallelism Beyond the Sentence

Creating Parallelism in Lists

Coordination and Subordination

Recognizing and Creating Coordination

Recognizing and Editing Problems with Coordination

Recognizing and Creating Subordination

Recognizing and Editing Problems with Subordination

Editing for Word Choice

Choosing Appropriate Words

Thinking About Word Choice

Using Precise Diction

Using Strategies for Editing Diction

Using Dictionaries and Building Vocabulary

Choosing Dictionaries to Serve Your Needs

Using a Dictionary

Using Dictionaries in the Age of Technology

Building Vocabulary

Wordiness

Editing for Common Types of Wordiness

Editing for Clichés, Generalizations, and Overblown Language

Avoiding Sexist and Discriminatory Language

Recognizing and Editing Sexist Language

Avoiding Discriminatory Language

Editing for Punctuation

Commas

Using Commas to Help Join Sentences

Using Commas to Set Off Introductory Phrases

Using Commas to Set off Nonrestrictive Modifiers

Using Commas to Set Off Parenthetical Expressions

Using Commas in a Series

Separating Coordinate Adjectives with a Comma

Using Commas with Dates, Numbers, Addresses, Place Names, People's Titles, and Letters

Using Commas with Quotations

Using Commas to Make Your Meaning Clear

Avoiding Commas that Do Not Belong

Semicolons and Colons

Using Semicolons

Using Colons

Apostrophes

Using Apostrophes to Mark Possession

Using Apostrophes to Mark Contractions and Omissions

Quotation Marks

Marking Quotations

Using Block Quotations

Writing Dialogue

Labeling Titles of Short Works

Indicating Special Meanings of Words and Phrases

Indicating Irony, Sarcasm, and Authorial Distance

Periods, Question Marks, and Exclamation Points

Using Periods

Using Question Marks

Using Exclamation Points

Special Punctuation Marks

Using Parentheses

Using Brackets

Using Dashes

Using Ellipses

Using Slashes

Proofreading for Mechanics and Spelling

Capitalization

Using a Capital at the Beginning of a Sentence

Using Capitals for Proper Nouns and Adjectives

Italics (Underlining)

Following Conventions for Underlining (Using Italics)

Underlining for Emphasis

Hyphens and Word Division

Using Hyphens to Divide Words

Using Hyphens to Join Words

Numbers

Spelling Out Numbers or Using Numerals

Following Special Conventions

Avoiding Too Many Numbers

Abbreviations

Using Familiar Abbreviations

Using Abbreviations Sparingly

Strategies for Spelling

Spelling As You Write

Recognizing and Correcting Spelling Errors

Using Long-Term Strategies to Improve Your Spelling

Spelling and the Computer

Using Research Strategies: Reading And Writing Within A Research Community

Participating in Research Communities: Academic, Work, and Public

Recognizing Research Communities

Developing a Research Question

Mapping Research Communities

Planning Your Research

Using Print and Electronic Resources

Developing Search Strategies

Identifying Print and Electronic Resources

Search Strategies for Electronic Environments

Reading Critically and Evaluating Sources

Reading Print and Electronic Sources Analytically

Reading Print and Electronic Sources Critically

Turning Research into Writing

Moving From Research Questions To a Plan and a Thesis

Planning and Drafting Your Paper

Integrating Print and Electronic Sources into Your Writing

Understanding Documentation and Avoiding Plagiarism

Recognizing When to Document Sources

Understanding Plagiarism

Avoiding Plagiarism

Doing Fieldwork

Preparing Surveys, Polls, and Questionnaires

Conducting Interviews

Ethnographies

Using Citation Styles

Documenting Sources: MLA

Using In-Text Citations

Creating MLA In-Text Citations

Informative Footnotes and Endnotes

Creating an MLA List of Works Cited

Sample MLA Paper

Documenting Sources: APA

Using In-Text Citations

Using Content Footnotes

Creating APA In-Text Citations

Creating an APA Reference List

Sample APA Paper

Documenting Sources: Science (CSE) and Engineering

Recognizing Elements of Scientific and Engineering Styles

Analyzing the Documentation Style of a Publication

Creating Scientific In-text Citations (CSE/CBE)

Creating a Scientific Reference List (CSE/CBE)

Documenting Sources: CMS

Using Endnotes and Footnotes

Creating CMS Notes

Creating a CMS Bibliography

Writing Strategies

Writing Argumentative Papers Across the Disciplines

Recognizing Occasions for Argument

Develop Your Stance

Focus on a Purpose and Create a Thesis

Develop Your Reasons and Supporting Evidence

Develop a Point: Argument in Progress

Using Critical Thinking to Strengthen Your Argument

The Documented Argument or Position Paper

Writing Point-Driven Papers Across the Curriculum

The Critique

The Review

The Point-Driven Essay

Reading and Writing About Literature

Reading Literary Texts

Writing About Literary Texts

The Text Analysis

Writing Informative Papers Across the Disciplines

Developing and Presenting Informative Writing

Developing an Interview Paper: Informative Writing in Progress

The Short Informative Documented Paper

The Literature Review

The Lab Report

The Abstract

The Annotated Bibliography

The Informative Essay Exam

Developing Business Writing

Using General Strategies to Learn the Principles of Successful Business Writing

Using Specific Strategies to Learn the Business Writing Process

Writing Business Letters

Writing Memos

Writing Email

Writing Résumés and Letters of Application

Glossary of Usage and Terms

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