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9780813334516

Losing Legitimacy: Street Crime And The Decline Of Social Institutions In America

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780813334516

  • ISBN10:

    0813334519

  • Format: Nonspecific Binding
  • Copyright: 1999-11-12
  • Publisher: Routledge

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Summary

In the past fifty years, street crime rates in America have increased eightfold. These increases were historically patterned, were often very rapid, and had a disproportionate impact on African Americans. Much of the crime explosion took place in a space of just ten years beginning in the early 1960s. Common explanations based on biological impulses, psychological drives, or slow-moving social indicators cannot explain the speed or timing of these changes or their disproportionate impact on racial minorities. Using unique data that span half a century, Gary LaFree argues that social institutions are the key to understanding the U.S. crime wave. Crime increased along with growing political distrust, economic stress, and family disintegration. These changes were especially pronounced for racial minorities. American society responded by investing more in criminal justice, education, and welfare institutions. Stabilization of traditional social institutions and the effects of new institutional spending account for the modest crime declines of the 1990s.

Author Biography

Gary LaFree is professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Maryland.

Table of Contents

List of Tables and Figures
xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Understanding Postwar Crime Trends
1(11)
Interpreting American Crime Trends
3(2)
What the Crime Trends Tell Us
5(1)
Crime and Social Institutions
6(3)
Institutional Responses to Crime
9(3)
Riding the Wave: Street Crime Trends in Postwar America
12(23)
Official Crime Data
13(1)
The Rise of the Self-Report Crime Survey
14(1)
The National Crime Victimization Survey
15(2)
Comparing Crime Data Sources
17(2)
Street Crime Trends in Postwar America
19(6)
Some Immediate Implications of Postwar Crime Trends
25(2)
Putting the Trends into Context
27(5)
Toward an Explanation of Postwar U.S. Crime Trends
32(3)
Offender Characterstics and Crime Trends in Postwar America
35(21)
Data on Offender Characteristics
36(11)
Race and Crime in Postwar America
47(1)
Arrest Trends by Race and Ethnicity
48(1)
Cross-Sectional Arrest Rates by Race
49(2)
Postwar Trends in African American and White Crime
51(1)
Offender Characteristics and Postwar Crime Trends
52(4)
Evaluating Common Explanations of Crime
56(14)
Common Theories of Crime
56(12)
Toward an Explanation of Postwar American Crime Trends
68(2)
Crime and Social Institutions
70(21)
Institutional Legitimacy, Change, and Crime
72(6)
Crime and Social Institutions
78(10)
The Timing of Postwar Institutional Changes
88(3)
Crime and American Political Institutions
91(23)
Political Institutions and Crime
92(5)
Entering the Age of Distrust
97(3)
Declinig Political Legitimacy in Postwar America
100(8)
Crime Trends and Civil Rights-Related Actions
108(3)
Summary and Conclusions
111(3)
Crime and American Economic Institutions
114(21)
Crime and Economic Institutions
115(6)
Economic Legitimacy and Crime in Postwar America
121(12)
Conclusions; Crime and the Postwar Economy
133(2)
Crime and Changes in the American Family
135(17)
Family Organization and Legitimacy
136(4)
Family Change and Crime Trends
140(9)
Connections Between the Family and Other Institutions
149(1)
Conclusions and Implications
150(2)
Institutional Responses to the Legitimacy Crisis: Criminal Justice, Education, and Welfare
152(21)
Postwar Trends in Criminal Justice, Education, and Welfare
154(3)
The Shifting Impact of New Institutional Responses
157(2)
Education, Welfare, and Crime
159(5)
Crime and the Criminal Justice System in Postwar America
164(7)
Summary and Conclusions
171(2)
Crime and Institutional Legitimacy in Postwar America
173(22)
Connections Among the Three Institutions
176(2)
What Can Be Done to Reduce Crime?
178(10)
Implications for Research, Theory, and Social Policy
188(3)
Institutions, Crime, and Social Change
191(4)
Notes 195(38)
Index 233

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