Management Information Systems

by Oz, Effy

• ISBN13: 9780760010914
• ISBN10: 0760010919
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-12-01
• Publisher: Course Technology Ptr

Summary

This title provides current real business examples, expanded coverage of the Internet and business data communications, and a wider range of end-of-chapter activities that encourage users to use the tools they will encounter and the skills they will need in business every day.

Table of Contents

PART I THE INFORMATION AGE	1	(108)
The Bike Guys	1	(5)
Business Information Systems: An Overview	6	(34)
The Bike Guys: In Search of Business Information	6	(2)
Creating Useful Information	6	(1)
Getting a Handle on Data	7	(1)
Information Dictates Pricing and Training	7	(1)
Guaranteeing Their Work	7	(1)
A Sound Information System	7	(1)
Information Systems	8	(1)
Data, Information, and Systems	8	(6)
Data vs. Information	8	(1)
Data Manipulation	8	(1)
Generating Information	9	(1)
Information in Context	10	(1)
What is a System	10	(2)
Information and Managers	12	(2)
Why You Should...Be Well-versed in Information Systems	14	(4)
The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy	14	(1)
What Are Information Systems?	15	(1)
The Four Stages of Processing	16	(2)
Ethical and Societal Issues: The Not-so-Bright Side	18	(2)
Computer Equipment for Information Systems	20	(1)
ISs From Recording Transactions to Providing Expertise	20	(3)
Transaction Processing Systems	21	(1)
Management Information Systems	21	(2)
Information Systems in Business	23	(4)
Information Systems in Functional Business Areas	23	(1)
Information Systems in Different Business Sectors	24	(3)
Shared Data Resources	27	(1)
E-Commerce	28	(1)
Why Study Information Systems?	29	(3)
Degrees in IS	30	(1)
Information Systems Careers	31	(1)
Summary	32	(2)
Case Revisited: The Bike Guys	34	(1)
Review Questions	35	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	37	(3)
Strategic Uses of Information Systems	40	(34)
The Bike Guys: New Initiatives	40	(2)
Testing Information Strategies	40	(1)
Saved by Information	41	(1)
Information Becomes Strategic	41	(1)
Strategic Success	41	(1)
Following the Moving Target	41	(1)
Strategy and Strategic Moves	42	(1)
Achieving a Competitive Advantage	43	(7)
Reduce Costs	44	(1)
Raise Barriers to Entrants	44	(1)
Establish High Switching Costs	45	(1)
Create New Products and Services	45	(2)
Differentiate Products and Services	47	(1)
Enhance Products or Services	47	(1)
Establish Alliances	48	(1)
Lock In Suppliers or Buyers	49	(1)
Strategic Information as a Competitive Weapon	50	(6)
Creating an SIS	50	(1)
Re-engineering and Organizational Change	51	(1)
Competitive Advantage as a Moving Target	52	(1)
Sources of Strategic Information Systems	53	(3)
Why You Should...Understand the Notion of Strategic Information Systems	56	(3)
Improving Existing Services	58	(1)
Business Process Redesign	58	(1)
Providing New Services	59	(1)
MortgagePower Plus: An SIS Failure	59	(1)
Identifying the Competitive Advantage	59	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: The Power of Information	60	(3)
The SIS Plan	62	(1)
How the SIS Failed	63	(1)
Losing Ground	63	(1)
Success and Failure on the Web	63	(1)
The Bleeding Edge	64	(2)
Summary	66	(1)
Case Revisited: The Bike Guys	67	(1)
Review Questions	68	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	70	(4)
Information Systems in Business Functions	74	(35)
The Bike Guys: Beyond Entrepreneurship	74	(2)
Expanding Operations	75	(1)
Managing Remotely	75	(1)
Effectiveness and Efficiency	76	(2)
Accounting	78	(1)
Finance	79	(2)
Cash Management	80	(1)
Investment Analysis and Service	80	(1)
Why You Should...Know About ISs in Different Business Functions	81	(1)
Engineering	82	(2)
Manufacturing and Inventory Control	84	(2)
Materials Requirement Planning	85	(1)
Manufacturing Resource Planning	85	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Privacy? What Privacy?	86	(3)
Manufacturing Execution Systems	88	(1)
Marketing, Sales, and Customer Service	89	(4)
Market Research	89	(1)
Targeted Marketing	89	(2)
The Computer as a Marketing and Selling Medium	91	(1)
Sales Force Automation	92	(1)
Customer Service	93	(1)
Human Resources	93	(3)
Employee Record Management	93	(1)
Promotion and Recruitment	94	(1)
Training	95	(1)
Evaluation	95	(1)
Compensation and Benefits Management	96	(1)
Enterprise Resource Planning	96	(1)
Groupware and Collaborative Work	97	(3)
Document Control	97	(1)
Collaborative Projects	98	(1)
Brainstorming	99	(1)
Summary	100	(1)
Case Revisited: The Bike Guys	101	(1)
Review Questions	102	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	104	(5)
PART II INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY	109	(224)
Play-it-Again Arcade Games, Inc.	109	(5)
Information Technology in Business Hardware	114	(44)
Play-it-Again Arcade Games, Inc.: Hardware to the Rescue	114	(2)
Changing Gears	115	(1)
Working with the Consultant	115	(1)
The Central Tool of Modern Information Systems	116	(4)
What Is a Computer?	116	(1)
Business Evolves with Computing	117	(3)
Computers Communicating: Bits and Bytes	120	(2)
Encoding Schemes	120	(1)
Understanding Computer Processing	120	(2)
A Peek Inside the Computer	122	(5)
The Central Processing Unit	123	(3)
Memory	126	(1)
Why You Should...Understand Some Technical Details	127	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Computers May Be Hazardous to Your Health	128	(2)
Computer Power	130	(1)
Input Devices	130	(5)
Keyboard	130	(1)
Mouse, Trackball, and Track Pad	131	(1)
Touch Screen	131	(1)
Source Data Input Devices	132	(1)
Imaging	133	(1)
Speech Recognition	134	(1)
Output Devices	135	(3)
Soft-copy Output Devices	135	(2)
Hard-copy Output Devices	137	(1)
External Storage Media	138	(6)
Magnetic Tapes	139	(1)
Magnetic Disks	139	(1)
Optical Discs	140	(1)
Optical Tape	141	(1)
Business Considerations of Storage Media	142	(2)
Classification of Computers	144	(4)
Supercomputers and Mainframes	144	(1)
Mainframe Computers	144	(1)
Minicomputers	145	(1)
The Microcomputer Revolution	145	(1)
Computers on the Go: Laptop and Handheld Computers	146	(2)
Reduced Instruction Set Computing	148	(1)
Compatibility	148	(1)
Considerations in Purchasing Hardware	148	(3)
Summary	151	(1)
Case Revisited: Play-it Again Games, Inc.	152	(1)
Review Questions	153	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	155	(3)
Information Systems in Business: Software	158	(42)
Play-it-Again Takes Control of Its Finances	158	(1)
Ground Zero	159	(1)
Laying a Foundation	159	(1)
Software: Instructions to the Computer	160	(1)
What is Software?	160	(1)
Levels of Programming Language	161	(8)
Machine Languages	161	(1)
Assembly Languages	162	(1)
Procedural Languages	163	(1)
Fourth-generation Languages	164	(1)
Visual Programming	165	(1)
Object-oriented Programming	165	(4)
Levels of Programming Languages: Pluses and Minuses	169	(1)
Application Software vs. System Software	169	(1)
Application Software	169	(10)
Custom-designed Applications	170	(1)
Packaged Software	171	(6)
Multimedia	177	(2)
Virtual Reality	179	(1)
System Software	179	(5)
Operating Systems	179	(5)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Software Piracy?	184	(3)
Compilers and Interpreters	185	(2)
Why You Should...Be Software Savvy	187	(2)
Data Communications Programs	188	(1)
Proprietary vs. Open Source	188	(1)
From Computers to Appliances	189	(1)
Considerations in Purchasing Software	189	(2)
The Year 2000 Problem	191	(1)
Summary	192	(1)
Case Revisited: Play-it Again	193	(1)
Review Questions	194	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	196	(4)
Information Technology in Business: Telecommunications and Networks	200	(40)
Play-it-Again Arcade Games Inc.: Gets Connected	200	(2)
Getting Connected	200	(1)
Long-term Benefits	201	(1)
Telecommunications in Business	202	(1)
Data Communications	203	(1)
What is Data Communications?	204	(1)
Communication Direction	204	(2)
Simplex	205	(1)
Half-duplex	205	(1)
Full-duplex	205	(1)
Synchronization	206	(2)
Asynchronous Communication	206	(1)
Synchronous Communication	207	(1)
Channels and Media	208	(5)
Channel Capacity	208	(1)
Media	209	(1)
Transmission Speeds	209	(1)
Twisted Pair	210	(1)
Coaxial Cable	210	(1)
Microwaves	211	(1)
Optical Fiber	212	(1)
Modulation	213	(1)
Analog vs. Digital	213	(1)
Why You Should...Understand Data Communications	214	(4)
Amplitude Modulation	214	(1)
Frequency Modulation	215	(1)
Phase Modulation	215	(1)
Modems	215	(1)
Multiplexers	216	(2)
Networks	218	(4)
LANs	218	(1)
WANs	218	(2)
Network Topology	220	(2)
Virtual Private Network	222	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Telecommuting: Pros and Cons	222	(2)
Protocols	224	(4)
LAN Protocols	225	(1)
WAN Protocols	226	(2)
Switching Techniques and Transfer Modes	228	(1)
Circuit Switching	228	(1)
Packet Switching	228	(1)
A Variety of Services	229	(2)
The Changing Business Environment	231	(1)
Cellular Phones	231	(1)
Teleconferencing	231	(1)
Voice Mail	232	(1)
Facsimile	232	(1)
Summary	232	(2)
Case Revisited: Play-it Again	234	(1)
Review Questions	235	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	237	(3)
The Internet, Intranets, and Extranets	240	(48)
Play-it-Again Arcade Games, Inc.: Play-it-Again-Net	240	(1)
Smith Buys In	241	(1)
What is the Internet?	242	(4)
The Development of the Internet	243	(1)
Growth of the Internet	243	(3)
Commercial Online Services	246	(1)
Internet Domains	246	(6)
What's on the Internet?	249	(3)
The World Wide Web	252	(3)
Browsers	253	(1)
Creating Web Files	253	(2)
Why You Should...Learn About the Internet	255	(4)
Intranets and Extranets	259	(2)
Establishing a Web Site	261	(1)
Site Name	261	(1)
Points of Presence	261	(1)
Line Capacity	261	(1)
Site Maintenance	262	(1)
Business on the Internet	262	(2)
Business-to-Business Trading	262	(1)
Electronic Data Interchange	263	(1)
Exchanges and Auctions	263	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Online Controversy	264	(9)
Business-to-Consumer Trading	266	(6)
Web Demographics	272	(1)
Business Considerations	273	(5)
Web Costs	273	(1)
Rules for Successful Web Sites	274	(3)
Risks to Organizations	277	(1)
Risks to Consumers	278	(1)
The Nations: Who Is on the Net?	278	(2)
Summary	280	(1)
Case Revisited: Play-it Again	281	(1)
Review Questions	282	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	284	(4)
Data and Knowledge Management	288	(45)
Play-it-Again Arcade Games Inc.: Pulling It All Together	288	(2)
A Database Blueprint	288	(1)
Marketing Wants More	289	(1)
The Final Stretch	289	(1)
Managing Digital Data	290	(6)
The Traditional File Approach	290	(2)
Moving to Databases	292	(3)
Traditional Files vs. Databases: Pros and Cons	295	(1)
Database Models	296	(6)
The Hierarchical Model	296	(2)
The Network Model	298	(2)
The Relational Model	300	(1)
Keys	301	(1)
Why You Should...Know About Data and Knowledge Management	302	(2)
The Object-oriented Structure	303	(1)
Entity-relationship Diagrams	303	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: A Too-Risky Info Highway	304	(2)
Components of Database Management Systems	306	(4)
The Schema	306	(2)
The Data Dictionary	308	(1)
The Data Definition Language	308	(1)
The Data Manipulation Language	309	(1)
Relational Operations	310	(2)
Data Manipulation	310	(2)
Structured Query Language	312	(1)
Popular Database Management Systems	312	(1)
Database Architecture	313	(4)
Distributed Databases	314	(1)
Shared Resource and Client/Server Systems	315	(2)
Web Databases	317	(2)
Databases on the Web	317	(1)
Points to Consider	318	(1)
Data Warehousing	319	(2)
From Database to Data Warehouse	320	(1)
Phases in Building a Data Warehouse	321	(1)
Data-mining	321	(2)
Knowledge Management	323	(1)
Summary	324	(2)
Case Revisited: Play-it Again	326	(1)
Review Questions	327	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	329	(4)
PART III INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MANAGEMENT	333	(110)
Secor Enterprises	333	(5)
Managers and Their Information Needs	338	(34)
Secor Books: Secor and Fixit Get Together	338	(2)
Fixit's Information Problem	339	(1)
Corporate Reorganization	339	(1)
The Information Challenge	339	(1)
Managers and Information	340	(1)
The Organizational Pyramid	340	(2)
Clerical and Shop Floor Workers	341	(1)
Operational Management	341	(1)
Tactical Management	342	(1)
Strategic Management	342	(1)
Characteristics of Information at Different Managerial Levels	342	(2)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Electronic Monitoring of Employees	344	(4)
Data Range	346	(1)
Time Span	346	(1)
Level of Detail	347	(1)
Source: Internal vs. External	347	(1)
Structured and Unstructured Data	347	(1)
The Web: The Great Equalizer	348	(1)
The Nature of Managerial Work	349	(4)
Planning	349	(2)
Control	351	(1)
Decision Making	352	(1)
Management by Exception	352	(1)
Leadership	353	(1)
Organizational Structure	353	(3)
IT Flattens the Organization	354	(1)
The Matrix Structure	355	(1)
Why You Should...Be Information-conscious	356	(1)
Characteristics of Effective Information	357	(2)
Tabular and Graphical Representation	357	(1)
Dynamic Representation	358	(1)
Managers and Their Information Systems	359	(2)
Transaction-processing Systems	359	(1)
Decision Support Systems and Expert Systems	360	(1)
Executive Information Systems	361	(1)
Information, Politics, and Power	361	(3)
Politics	361	(1)
Power	362	(1)
The Not-invented-here Phenomenon	363	(1)
Summary	364	(1)
Case Revisited: Secor Books	365	(1)
Review Questions	366	(3)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	369	(3)
Organizing Information Systems and Services	372	(36)
Secor Books: Secor's Expanding Operation	372	(2)
Different Information Styles	372	(1)
Making a Choice	373	(1)
Paying for IS Services	373	(1)
Getting the New System Working	373	(1)
Information Systems Architecture and Management	374	(8)
Centralized Information Systems Architecture	375	(1)
Decentralized Information Systems Architecture	376	(1)
Distributed Information Systems	377	(1)
Centralized vs. Decentralized ISs: Advantages and Disadvantages	378	(3)
Trends in Information Systems Organization	381	(1)
Organizing the IS Staff	382	(3)
Central IS Organization	382	(2)
Functional IS Organization	384	(1)
The Best of Both Approaches	385	(1)
Challenges for IS Managers and Line Managers	385	(1)
Line Managers' Expectations of an IS Unit	385	(1)
Why You Should...Be Interested in the Deployment of ISs	386	(2)
IS Manager Expectations of Line Managers	387	(1)
The Information Center	388	(1)
Coordination and Control	388	(1)
Support	388	(1)
Chargeback Methods	389	(1)
Service Charges	389	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Gasping for IT Skills	390	(3)
Overhead Expenditures	393	(1)
Careers in Information Systems	393	(5)
The Systems Analyst	393	(1)
The Database Administrator	394	(1)
The Telecommunications Manager	395	(1)
The Webmaster	396	(1)
The Chief Information Officer	396	(1)
The Chief Knowledge Officer	397	(1)
The Independent Consultant	398	(1)
Summary	398	(3002)
Case Revisited: Secor Books	3400
Review Questions	401	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	403	(5)
Interorganizational and International Information Systems	408	(35)
Seor Press: On-Line for Business	408	(2)
Electronic Streamlining	408	(1)
The Next Step	409	(1)
McCourt's Challenges	409	(1)
EDI on the Web	409	(1)
Sharing Information Systems	410	(1)
Vertical Information Interchange	410	(2)
Electronic Data Interchange	412	(8)
What Is EDI?	413	(1)
How Does EDI Work?	414	(2)
EDI Standards	416	(1)
How to Subscribe to EDI	416	(1)
EDI on the Web	416	(2)
Legal Problems of EDI	418	(2)
Horizontal Information Interchange	420	(2)
Why You Should...Learn about Inter-organizational and International ISs	422	(1)
International and Multinational Organizations	422	(2)
Using the Web for International Commerce	424	(1)
Challenges to Global Information Systems	425	(3)
Technological Challenges	425	(1)
Payment Mechanisms	425	(1)
Language Differences	426	(1)
Cultural Differences	426	(1)
Economic, Scientific, and Security Interests	427	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: The Electronic Immigrant	428	(5)
Political Challenges	428	(1)
Standards	429	(1)
Legal Barriers to International Data Transfer	430	(3)
The Latecomer Benefit	433	(1)
Summary	434	(1)
Case Revisited: Secor Enterprises	435	(1)
Review Questions	436	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	438	(5)
PART IV INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN DECISION MAKING	443	(70)
Ross Venture Capital Fund	443	(5)
Decision Support, Executive, and Geographic Information Systems	448	(32)
Ross Venture Capital Fund: Deciding on Decision Aids	448	(2)
A Change of Mind	448	(1)
Johnson's Analysis	449	(1)
Getting Started	449	(1)
Decision Making in Business	450	(1)
The Decision-Making Process	450	(1)
Structured and Unstructured Problems	451	(3)
Structured Problems	452	(1)
Unstructured Problems	452	(1)
Semistructured Problems	452	(1)
Programmable Problems	453	(1)
Managers and Semistructured Problems	453	(1)
DSS Components	454	(4)
The Data Management Module	455	(1)
The Model Management Module	456	(2)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Decisions by Machines	458	(3)
The Dialog Module	459	(2)
Types of Decision Support Systems	461	(5)
Personal Decision Support Systems	462	(2)
Group Decision Support Systems	464	(2)
Sensitivity Analysis	466	(1)
Executive Information Systems	467	(1)
Developing Decision Support Systems	468	(2)
When Should a DSS Be Built	468	(2)
Why You Should...Be Familiar with Decision Support Systems	470	(1)
The Electronic Spreadsheet: A DSS Tool	470	(1)
Geographic Information Systems	471	(2)
Summary	473	(1)
Case Revisited: Ross Venture Capital Fund	474	(1)
Review Questions	475	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	477	(3)
Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems	480	(33)
Ross Venture Capital Fund (RVCF): Meet The Ross	480	(2)
Intellicision Gets Started	481	(1)
Learning More	481	(1)
Intellicision Delivers	481	(1)
Artificial Intelligence in Business	482	(8)
Robotics	483	(1)
Artificial Vision	484	(1)
Natural Language Processing	484	(1)
Expert Systems	485	(1)
Neural Networks	486	(1)
Fuzzy Logic	487	(3)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Too Sophisticated Technology	490	(3)
Genetic Algorithms	490	(2)
Intelligent Agents	492	(1)
Contribution of Expert Systems	493	(1)
Development of Expert Systems	494	(2)
What is Expertise?	495	(1)
Components of Expert Systems	495	(1)
Knowledge Representation Methods	496	(5)
IF-THEN Rules	496	(1)
Frames	497	(1)
Semantic Nets	498	(1)
Knowledge Engineering	498	(1)
Expert System Shells	499	(1)
Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining	500	(1)
Why You Should...Recognize the Potential of Artificial Intelligence	501	(1)
Factors Justifying the Acquisition of Expert Systems	502	(1)
Expert Systems in Action	502	(3)
Telephone Network Maintenance	502	(1)
Credit Evaluation	502	(1)
Tax Planning	503	(1)
Detection of Insider Securities Trading	503	(1)
Mineral Exploration	503	(1)
Irrigation and Pest Management	504	(1)
Predicting Failure of Diesel Engines	504	(1)
Medical Diagnosis	504	(1)
Class Selection for Students	505	(1)
Limitations of Expert Systems	505	(1)
Summary	506	(2)
Case Revisited: Ross Venture Capital Fund	508	(1)
Review Questions	509	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	511	(2)
PART V PLANNING, ACQUISITION, AND CONTROLS	513	(164)
Metropolitan Hospital	513	(5)
Planning Information Systems	518	(28)
Metropolitan Hospital: Plans for TIMM's Arrival	518	(2)
System Devevelopment Begins	518	(1)
A Proposal is Born	519	(1)
Why Plan?	520	(1)
What Is Planning?	520	(1)
Business Planning	520	(1)
Approaches to Planning	521	(3)
Top-down Planning	522	(1)
Bottom-up Planning	522	(1)
Planning by Critical Success Factors	523	(1)
Information Systems Planning	524	(6)
Prerequisites for Information Systems Planning	526	(1)
The Corporate and IS Mission Statements	527	(1)
The IT Vision	528	(1)
Strategic and Tactical Information Systems Planning	528	(2)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Codes of Ethics for IS Professionals	530	(3)
Important Factors in IS Tactical Planning	530	(3)
IS Planning Initiatives	533	(1)
The Champion	534	(2)
Why You Should...Be Involved in IS Planning	536	(1)
The Systems Analyst as an Agent of Change	536	(2)
Summary	538	(1)
Case Revisited: Metropolitan Hospital	539	(1)
Review Questions	540	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	542	(4)
Systems Development	546	(40)
Metropolitan Hospital: Developing TIMM	546	(2)
From Planning to Development	546	(1)
The Board Meeting	547	(1)
Why Develop an IS?	548	(1)
The Systems Development Life Cycle	548	(12)
Analysis	549	(5)
Design	554	(6)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Should IS Professionals be Certified	560	(5)
Implementation	562	(3)
Why You Should...Understand the Principals of Systems Development	565	(1)
Support	565	(1)
Prototyping	566	(3)
When to Prototype	567	(1)
When Not to Prototype	568	(1)
Computer-Aided Software Engineering	569	(1)
Project Management	570	(5)
Project Management Goals	572	(1)
Project Management Functions	573	(2)
Systems Development Led by End Users	575	(2)
JAD: An Example of User-led Systems Development	575	(2)
Systems Integration	577	(1)
Summary	578	(1)
Case Revisited: Metropolitan Hospital	579	(1)
Review Questions	580	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	582	(4)
Alternative Avenues for Systems Acquisition	586	(32)
Metropolitan Hospital: Looking Outside for Help	586	(2)
Regrouping	586	(1)
Akers Backs the New Plan	587	(1)
Revisiting the Board	587	(1)
Finding the Right Software	587	(1)
Sources of Information	588	(1)
Outsourcing	589	(4)
Advantages of Outsourcing	591	(1)
Risks of Outsourcing	592	(1)
The Information Systems Subsidiary	593	(1)
Purchased Applications	594	(6)
Why Purchase?	594	(1)
Steps in Purchasing Ready-made Software	595	(3)
Benchmarking	598	(1)
Learning from Experience	599	(1)
Ethical and Societal Issues: Computer Use Policies for Employees	600	(2)
Purchasing Risks	600	(2)
Renting Software	602	(3)
On-site Renting	602	(1)
Renting Through the Web	602	(3)
User Application Development	605	(3)
Factors Encouraging User Application Development	605	(2)
Managing User-developed Applications	607	(1)
Why You Should...Understand Alternative Avenues for the Acquisition of Information Systems	608	(3)
Advantages and Risks	609	(2)
Summary	611	(1)
Case Revisited: Metropolitan Hospital	612	(1)
Review Questions	613	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	615	(3)
Controls and Security Measures	618	(59)
Metropolitan Hospital: Calling all Guards	618	(2)
Resident Skeptic	618	(1)
Don't Throw Away the Paper	619	(1)
Balancing Access and Operations	619	(1)
Goals of Information Security	620	(1)
Risks to Information Systems	620	(6)
Risks to Hardware	621	(2)
Risks to Applications and Data	623	(3)
Why You Should...Understand Controls and Security Measures in Information Systems	626	(3)
Controls	629	(21)
Program Robustness and Data Entry Controls	629	(1)
Backup	630	(1)
Access Controls	630	(2)
Atomic Transactions	632	(1)
Audit Trail	633	(1)
Integrating Security Measures into Systems Development	634	(1)
Security Standards	634	(3)
Separation of Duties	637	(1)
Network Controls	638	(12)
Ethical and Societal Issues: No Smooth Sailing for the Clipper	650
The Downside	646	(1)
Recovery Measures	647	(3)
The Business Resumption Plan	647	(3)
The Economic Aspect of Security Measures	650	(2)
Summary	652	(1)
Case Revisited: Metropolitan Hospital	653	(1)
Review Questions	654	(2)
From Ideas to Application: Real Cases	656	(4)
Measurement Units	660	(1)
Glossary	661	(16)
Index	677