During the two centuries following European contact, the world of late prehistoric Mississippian chiefdoms collapsed and Native communities there fragmented, migrated, coalesced, and reorganized into new and often quite different societies. The editors of this volume, Robbie Ethridge and Sheri M. Shuck-Hall, argue that such a period and region of instability and regrouping constituted a "shatter zone." In this anthology, archaeologists, ethnohistorians, and anthropologists examine the shatter zone created in the colonial South through the interactions of American Indians and European colonists. The forces that destabilized the region included especially the frenzied commercial traffic in Indian slaves conducted by both Europeans and Indians, which decimated several southern Native communities; the inherently fluid political and social organization of the precontact Mississippian chiefdoms; and the widespread epidemics that spread across the South. Using examples from a range of Indian communitiesMuskogee, Catawba, Iroquois, Alabama, Coushatta, Shawnee, Choctaw, Westo, and Natchezthe contributors assess the shatter zone region as a whole and the varied ways in which Native peoples wrestled with an increasingly unstable world and worked to reestablish order.

Robbie Ethridge, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Mississippi, is the author of Creek Country: The Creek Indians and Their World, 1796–1816. Sheri M. Shuck-Hall, an associate professor of history at Christopher Newport University, is the author of Journey to the West: The Alabama and Coushatta Indians.

Contributors: Robin Beck, Eric E. Bowne, Robbie Ethridge, Mary Elizabeth Fitts, William A. Fox, Patricia Galloway, Charles L. Heath, Ned J. Jenkins, Mathew H. Jennings, Marvin D. Jeter, Paul Kelton, Maureen Meyers, George Edward Milne, Randolph Noe, Sheri M. Shuck-Hall, Stephen Warren, and John E. Worth.

List of Illustrations	p. vii
Acknowledgments	p. ix
List of Abbreviations	p. x
Introduction: Mapping the Mississippian Shatter Zone	p. 1
Events as Seen from the North: The Iroquois and Colonial Slavery	p. 63
From Refugees to Slave Traders: The Transformation of the Westo Indians	p. 81
"Caryinge awaye their Corne and Children": The Effects of Westo Slave Raids on the Indians of the Lower South	p. 104
Catawba Coalescence and the Shattering of the Carolina Piedmont, 1540-1675	p. 115
"Indians Refusing to Carry Burdens": Understanding the Success of Catawba Political, Military, and Settlement Strategies in Colonial Carolina	p. 142
"The Greatest Travelers in America": Shawnee Survival in the Shatter Zone	p. 163
Tracing the Origins of the Early Creeks, 1050-1700 CE	p. 188
Alabama and Coushatta Diaspora and Coalescence in the Mississippian Shatter Zone	p. 250
Violence in a Shattered World	p. 272
Razing Florida: The Indian Slave Trade and the Devastation of Spanish Florida, 1659-1715	p. 295
Shattered and Infected: Epidemics and the Origins of the Yamasee War, 1696-1715	p. 312
Choctaws at the Border of the Shatter Zone: Spheres of Exchange and Spheres of Social Value	p. 333
Shatter Zone Shock Waves along the Lower Mississippi	p. 365
Picking Up the Pieces: Natchez Coalescence in the Shatter Zone	p. 388
Afterword: Some Thoughts on Further Work	p. 418
Bibliography	p. 425
List of Contributors	p. 493
Index	p. 497
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Mapping the Mississippian Shatter Zone

9780803217591

0803217595

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