Metapopulation Ecology

by Hanski, Ilkka

• ISBN13: 9780198540663
• ISBN10: 0198540663
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-05-13
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Written by a world renowned biologist, this volume offers a comprehensive synthesis of current research in this rapidly expanding area of population biology. It covers both the essential theory and a wide range of empirical studies, including the author's groundbreaking work on the Glanville fritillary butterfly. It also includes practical applications to conservation biology. The book describes theoretical models for metapopulation dynamics in highly fragmented landscapes and emphasizes spatially realistic models. It presents the incidence function model and includes several detailed examples of its application. Accessible to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, Metapopulation Ecology will be a valuable resource for researchers in population biology, conservation biology, and landscape ecology.

Table of Contents

Prologue	1	(22)
The metapopulation approach	1	(2)
Some related approaches	3	(5)
The past 50 years	8	(3)
An empiricist's guide to metapopulation models	11	(5)
A theoretician's guide to field studies	16	(4)
The structure of this book	20	(3)
PART I THEORY	23	(116)
Preliminaries	27	(16)
Local population dynamics	27	(5)
Population extinction	32	(5)
Migration and colonization	37	(6)
Metapopulations of two local populations	43	(12)
The two-population metapopulation	43	(3)
Migration and complex dynamics	46	(4)
Source-sink metapopulations	50	(5)
The Levins model and its variants	55	(20)
The Levins model and other patch models	55	(5)
The rescue effect and alternative equilibria	60	(2)
Structured metapopulation models	62	(5)
Habitat destruction and metapopulation extinction	67	(4)
Minimum viable metapopulation size	71	(4)
Spatially explicit approaches	75	(24)
Cellular landscapes	76	(5)
A spatially realistic simple model	81	(3)
The incidence function model	84	(4)
State transition models	88	(1)
n-population simulation models	89	(6)
Comparison of modelling approaches	95	(4)
Metapopulation genetics and evolution	99	(16)
Genetics, migration and colonization	99	(5)
Genetics and extinction	104	(3)
Loss, or gain, of genetic variation?	107	(5)
The shifting balance theory	112	(1)
Extinction-colonization dynamics---summary	113	(2)
Interacting metapopulations and metacommunities	115	(24)
Competing species	115	(6)
Predator--prey metapopulations	121	(5)
Predation and complex spatial dynamics	126	(3)
Metacommunity dynamics	129	(2)
Species-richness of communities and distribution of species	131	(8)
PART II FIELD STUDIES	139	(66)
Spatial structure of populations	141	(17)
The nature of populations	141	(3)
Population turnover	144	(1)
Mechanisms of population extinction	145	(4)
Sources and sinks	149	(4)
Small-bodied habitat specialists	153	(2)
The end of the species	155	(3)
Mapping species occurrence on habitat availability	158	(21)
Empty habitat	158	(2)
Patch area and isolation	160	(7)
Network size	167	(2)
Distribution--abundance relationship	169	(4)
Core and satellite species	173	(6)
Metapopulation dynamics and conservation biology	179	(26)
Paradigm shift	179	(4)
Habitat fragmentation and metapopulation persistence	183	(7)
Metapopulation establishment	190	(5)
The northern spotted owl	195	(4)
Other case-studies	199	(4)
Spatially extended population viability analysis	203	(2)
PART III THE GLANVILLE FRITILLARY---A CASE STUDY	205	(61)
Metapopulation patterns and process	207	(26)
The Glanville fritillary on Aland islands	209	(5)
Local dynamics and population extinction	214	(6)
Migration and population establishment	220	(4)
Four necessary conditions for metapopulation-level persistence	224	(3)
Patch occupancy patterns	227	(4)
Summary	231	(2)
The incidence function model---applications	233	(28)
Parameter estimation and model simulation	233	(7)
Predicted dynamics and steady states	240	(4)
Alternative equilibria	244	(4)
Predictions for other species	248	(6)
Non-equilibrium dynamics	254	(6)
Summary	260	(1)
Epilogue	261	(5)
The achievements	261	(3)
Old and new challenges	264	(2)
References	266	(43)
Index	309