Methods and Tools for Effective Knowledge Life-cycle-management

by Bernard, Alain; Tichkiewitch, Serge

• ISBN13: 9783540784302
• ISBN10: 3540784306
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-06-03
• Publisher: Springer Nature

Summary

Knowledge Management is a vast and diverse topic that must be addressed by all modern industrial companies, from the smallest SMEs to the most complex organizations. Knowledge is a critical and strategic asset and the key to competitiveness in the modern manufacturing environment, as it facilitates capacities essential for achieving the required responsiveness, flexibility, agility and innovation. Nevertheless, knowledge itself is difficult to explicate and capture, and often can be recognized only in the improvements it brings to products, technologies and enterprise organizations.Four years ago, members of the CIRP community submitted a proposal to the 6th EU Framework Programme to establish a Network of Excellence (NoE). The European Community accepted this proposal, and thus the Virtual Research Laboratory - Knowledge Community in Production (VRL-KCiP) network was launched. The network set out to create a Knowledge Community in Production that would provide support and knowledge to EU industry. This goal was achieved thanks to (a) the ongoing cooperation and collaboration among the network partners, who represent leading universities worldwide, and (b) additional strong member partnerships with laboratories outside of Europe (Japan, Australia, South Africa, USA, and others).The main efforts of the VRL-KCiP NoE were aimed at aiding European manufacturing industry in defining and structuring its strategic knowledge in order to meet worldwide strategic challenges. These challenges, detailed below, have remained constant over the four years of the network's activities:Manufacturing must become knowledge intensive, given the demand for high-tech products (e.g. electronics, medicines).Given the relatively high labor costs in Europe compared to those in developing countries, manufacturing processes in Europe require high levels of expertise to realize required productivity.As a result of these challenges, over the past 30 years knowledge management (KM) has become a major issue in Europe, in academia as well as in industry. Indeed, firms have recognized that cultivating the "knowledge resource" is essential for management as well as for operations. The aim of this book is to help readers understand the complex topic of knowledge. Moreover, it underlines why knowledge is one of the most important strategic issues in achieving future manufacturing competitiveness.The book is a collection of 34 complementary contributions written by researchers from multinational locations and multidisciplinary perspectives. This book is unique in that it is based on the collective experience of these researchers and represents the status and current issues in the study and implementation of Knowledge Management today. The book describes fundamental concepts in knowledge and knowledge management and provides several case studies in the fields of design and manufacturing. In particular, the book presents several very original examples of knowledge management and knowledge sharing in the context of European manufacturing. Actual experiences and feedbacks are presented with respect to knowledge engineering approaches for design, manufacturing, and more generally for enterprise engineering. Moreover, methods and tools for knowledge integration within the extended enterprise and the value chain are described, and the role of knowledge management and documents in supporting radical innovation projects is also highlighted.The book discusses ontology, which constitutes the basis for formalizing and mapping knowledge from different points of view. Concrete examples are described and elaborated, mainly with respect to product, process and resource description and management along the lifecycle of mechanical systems. Moreover, the book outlines the knowledge management efforts within the VRL-KCiP network. These efforts include (a) realizing a common knowledge management capability in the multilingual, multinational, multidisciplinary distributed research lab

Author Biography

Prof. A. Bernard was graduated in 1982 at ENS Cachan. He contributed to LURPA laboratory since 1983 and obtained his PhD in 1989, on 3D feature-based manufacturing of forging dies. Then, as an assistant professor, he worked in Ecole Centrale Paris on product, technology and process modelling. He also created, in 1993, the rapid prototyping and reverse engineering platform of Ecole Centrale Paris, the CREATE. From September 1996 to October 2001, he has been Professor in CRAN laboratory in Nancy, where he managed a research group on mechanical and production engineering. Since 2001, he has been Professor in Ecole Centrale de Nantes. He was the Head of the "Industrial products and systems engineering" department for three years and he is now Deputy Director for Research of Ecole Centrale de Nantes. Concerning his recent research activities, he founded and was the Head of the "Virtual Engineering for industrial engineering" research team in IRCCyN laboratory for four years.Prof. A. Bernard has been the vice-president of AFPR (French Rapid Prototyping Association) and its representative in GARPA (Global Alliance of Rapid Prototyping Associations) for 15 years. Since July 2003, he has been one of the members of the delegation for scientific evaluation at the French Ministry of Research for four years.Prof. A. Bernard is member of national scientific committees and of professional and scientific international organizations. He is also member of the editorial board of six journals (Rapid Prototyping J, IJ PLM (Guest Editor Europe), IJ Product Development, IJ Numerical Engineering, Virtual and Physical Prototyping J, Academic J Manufacturing Engineering) and reviewer for others (CAD, Computers in Industry, CERA, Robotics and CIM, IJ CIM, J Engineering Manufacture, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, ASME Transactions Journal of Computing information Science in Engineering, IJ Design and Innovation Research, M+¬canique et Industries, Document Num+¬rique). Prof. Alain Bernard is an author who already published several books in Springer.Prof. Serge Tichkiewitch is currently the General Director of the "Virtual Research Lab for a Knowledge Community in Production" Network of Excellence. He was the first general director of the French PRIMECA network, the former director of the Integrated Design team of the Soils, Solids and Structures Laboratory, composed of 40 persons, and the director of the Industrial Engineering and Management School of Engineers in Grenoble's Polytechnic Institute of Technology. All the contributors are several of the main actors in Design and Manufacturing domain. Most of them are CIRP fellow members and have a strong experience in developing knowledge-based systems and services. This means that Knowledge Management has been implemented during industrial projects and the results/case studies are described and explained in different ways, key issues and strategic aspects, strong difficulties, main methodologies for success. The background of the co-authors is not only theoretical, it is also based on a strong application experience with collaborations that allowed developing new KM approaches in companies context.

Table of Contents

KM Needs and Concepts
What Is Knowledge?
From Data to Knowledge
An Overview on Knowledge Management	p. 3
What is Knowledge Management
Manufacturing Knowledge Work: The European Perspective	p. 23
Networks of Expertise
Knowledge Sharing
Social Needs for Knowledge Sharing
Building a Knowledge Share Culture in a Virtual Organization. Case Study for VRL-KCiP NoE	p. 45
Influence of Multi-Culturality in Virtual Teams	p. 61
Knowledge Integration
Web Tools for Knowledge Integration
A Web and Virtual Reality Based Paradigm for Collaborative Management and Verification of Design Knowledge	p. 91
Knowledge Management in the Virtual Enterprise: Web Based Systems for Electronic Manufacturing	p. 107
EDEN
Contextual issue of knowledge integration	p. 127
Misunderstandings in Global Virtual Engineering Teams: Definitions, Causes, and Guidelines for Knowledge Sharing and Interaction	p. 145
A Knowledge Network Approach Supporting the Value Chain
Knowledge Mapping	p. 159
Formulating an Expertise Map in the VRL-KCiP	p. 169
Representation and Navigation Techniques for Semi-Structured Knowledge in Collaborating Communities	p. 185
The Use of Conceptual Maps for Competencies Mapping and Knowledge Formalization in a Virtual Lab	p. 213
Production Paradigms Ontology (PPO): a Response to the Need of Managing Knowledge in High-Tech Manufacturing	p. 227
KM Models, Methods and Tools
Design Product Oriented Models
Compatibility Knowledge in Fuzzy Front End	p. 243
Development of a Conceptual Reference Framework to Manage Manufacturing Knowledge Related to Products, Processes and Production Systems	p. 259
FBS-PPRE, an Enterprise Knowledge Lifecycle Model	p. 285
Knowledge Management for Industrial Heritage	p. 307
Design Process Oriented Models
The Role of Knowledge Management in Supporting a Radical Innovation Project	p. 331
Improved Utilisation of Organisational Documents Using a Conceptual Framework	p. 347
Applications of Knowledge Engineering Approaches for Design	p. 363
Generation of Design Knowledge from Product Life Cycle Data	p. 375
Reference Architectures as Knowledge Management Tools Guiding and Supporting Enterprise Engineering	p. 391
Knowledge Networks, Methods and Tools Analysis for Information Validity: Case Study Feed Back	p. 415
Case in Manufacturing Knowledge Management
Case Studies in Design
Knowledge Management in a Virtual Lab Collaborative Training Project: A Mini-Formula Student Car Design	p. 435
Case Study in Design: Generation of Design Knowledge for Vehicle Sub-frames: Based on Finite Element Simulation	p. 447
A Pragmatic Approach to Knowledge Management in an Engineering Design SME	p. 463
Capitalization and Reuse of Forging Knowledge in Integrated Design	p. 479
Case Studies in Manufacturing
Case Study, USIQUICK Project: Methods to Capitalise and Reuse Knowledge in Process Planning	p. 487
Knowledge Management in Manufacturing Process Modeling: Case Studies in Selected Manufacturing Processes	p. 507
Knowledge Management Paradigms in Selected Manufacturing Case Studies	p. 521
The VRL-KCiP: Cases in European-Level Manufacturing Knowledge Sharing
Process Design Theory for Digital Information Services	p. 533
The VRL-KCiP Software Demonstration and Exchange Platform - An Example for Web-Based Knowledge Management and Representation	p. 547
A Basic Knowledge Management System for the VRL-KCiP	p. 559
Contacts and Appointments Manager: VRLshepherd	p. 579
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