Mind : A Historical and Philosophical Introduction to the Major Theories

by Kukla, Andre; Walmsley, Joel

• ISBN13: 9780872208322
• ISBN10: 087220832X
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-09-30
• Publisher: Hackett Pub Co Inc

Summary

An historical overview and evaluation of modern psychology's theoretical foundations, 'Mind' ranges from Descartes to dynamics in its discussion of such topics as introspectionism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and the varieties of contemporary cognitive science. Throughout, these theories are examined and assessed as attempts to construct an overall conception of the person -- as general theories of human nature.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
1. Cartesianism	1	(20)
1.1. Dualism and Materialism	1	(6)
1.2. Three Arguments Against Dualism	7	(8)
1.3. Voluntarism and Determinism	15	(6)
2. The Rise and Fall of Introspective Psychology	21	(17)
2.1. Introspectionism	21	(6)
2.2. The Behaviorist Critique	27	(3)
2.3. The Psychoanalytic Critique	30	(2)
2.4. The Phenomenological Critique	32	(4)
2.5. The Third Generation	36	(2)
3. The Background of Psychoanalysis	38	(14)
3.1. Irrational Behavior	38	(2)
3.2. The Concept of the Unconscious	40	(1)
3.3. The Existence of the Unconscious	41	(5)
3.4. Other Minds	46	(3)
3.5. Resistance	49	(3)
4. The Theory of Psychoanalysis	52	(27)
4.1. The Pleasure Principle	52	(5)
4.2. The Reality Principle	57	(8)
4.3. Moral Behavior	65	(6)
4.4. Anxiety and Defense	71	(8)
5. Psychology Loses Its Mind: The Behavioral Revolution	79	(30)
5.1. Behaviorism and Behavioral Psychology	79	(2)
5.2. Classical Conditioning	81	(7)
5.3. The Law of Effect	88	(4)
5.4. Drive Theory	92	(3)
5.5. Critique of Drive Theory and Psychoanalysis	95	(5)
5.6. The Refutation of the Strong Law of Effect	100	(4)
5.7. The Refutation of Behavioral Psychology	104	(5)
6. The Transition from Behaviorism to Cognitive Science	109	(20)
6.1. Methodological Behaviorism	110	(3)
6.2. Metaphysical Behaviorism	113	(6)
6.3. Central State Identity Theory	119	(2)
6.4. Type and Token Identity	121	(3)
6.5. Functionalism	124	(5)
7. Mind Regained: The Cognitive Revolution	129	(31)
7.1. Folk Psychology	129	(5)
7.2. Rational Belief	134	(4)
7.3. The Representational Theory of Mind	138	(1)
7.4. The Language of Thought	139	(2)
7.5. Universal Grammar	141	(4)
7.6. The Modularity of Mind	145	(4)
7.7. Artificial Intelligence	149	(2)
7.8. Weak AI	151	(4)
7.9. Strong AI	155	(5)
8. Mind Extended: Connectionist, Dynamical, and Situated Cognitive Science	160	(25)
8.1. Connectionism	160	(9)
8.2. Criticisms of Connectionism	169	(5)
8.3. The Dynamical Approach	174	(4)
8.4. Situated Cognition	178	(4)
8.5. Conclusions	182	(3)
Suggestions for Further Reading	185	(6)
Bibliography	191	(6)
Index	197