Modern Instrumentation for Scientists and Engineers

by Blackburn, James A.

• ISBN13: 9780387950563
• ISBN10: 0387950567
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-12-01
• Publisher: Springer Verlag

Summary

The object of this book is to provide a comprehensive treatment of the principal issues in modern instrumentation, but without attempting an encyclopedic reference. It thus discusses the basic theory and physical principles underlying the operation of the various sensors as well as the practical aspects of their operation and their incorporation into larger systems. The intent is to cover the most important topics in electronics, sensors, measurements, and acquisition systems, always keeping in mind the needs of practicing scientists and engineers. The presentation focuses on systems controlled by desktop personal computers running a high-level program and operating through internal cards or an external bus connected to instruments, rather than the specialized microprocessors discussed in older texts. The book will thus be useful to students in a wide variety of experimental sciences and engineering disciplines, including physics, chemistry, mechanical, nuclear, and electrical engineering, experimental psychology, biology, and geophysics.

Table of Contents

Preface	vii
PART I Electronics	1	(120)
Physical Quantities	3	(4)
Charge, Potential, and Current	3	(2)
Magnetic Field	5	(1)
Capacitance and Inductance	5	(2)
DC Circuits	7	(4)
Branch and Node Analysis	7	(2)
Loop Analysis	9	(1)
Remarks	10	(1)
Problems	10	(1)
AC Circuits	11	(16)
Alternating Voltage and Current	11	(2)
Resistors as AC Components	13	(1)
Capacitors as AC Components	13	(2)
Inductors as AC Components	15	(1)
Impedance	16	(11)
Problems	24	(3)
Bridge Circuits	27	(10)
DC Bridges	27	(5)
AC Bridges	32	(5)
Problems	35	(2)
Amplifiers	37	(20)
Noninverting Amplifier	39	(5)
Inverting Amplifier	44	(3)
Difference Amplifier	47	(1)
Summing Amplifier	48	(1)
Frequency Response	49	(8)
Problems	56	(1)
Special-Purpose Circuits	57	(16)
Unity-Gain Buffer	57	(2)
Instrumentation Amplifier	59	(2)
Log and Antilog Amplifiers	61	(3)
Constant Current Source	64	(1)
Voltage and Current Conversion	64	(2)
Analog Integration and Differentiation	66	(7)
Problems	70	(3)
Waveform Generators	73	(20)
Oscillators	73	(8)
Pulse Generators	81	(6)
Crystal Oscillators	87	(2)
Remarks	89	(4)
Problems	91	(2)
Filters	93	(28)
Passive Filters	94	(13)
Active Filters	107	(10)
Remarks	117	(4)
Problems	119	(1)
Bibliography	120	(1)
PART II Sensors	121	(116)
Temperature	123	(34)
Thermistors	124	(21)
Resistance Temperature Detectors	145	(2)
Thermocouples	147	(5)
Temperature-Sensitive Diodes	152	(5)
Problems	155	(1)
Bibliography	156	(1)
Light	157	(14)
Photoconductive Sensors	159	(3)
Photodiodes	162	(9)
Problems	168	(1)
Bibliography	169	(2)
Magnetic Fields	171	(10)
Hall-Effect Sensors	172	(3)
Fluxgate Magnetometers	175	(3)
Comparative Performance	178	(3)
Bibliography	179	(2)
Strain	181	(14)
Strain	181	(3)
Resistive Strain Gages	184	(11)
Problems	192	(1)
Bibliography	192	(3)
Pressure	195	(14)
Piezoresistive Gages	196	(5)
Piezoelectric Gages	201	(8)
Bibliography	206	(3)
Displacement and Rotation	209	(12)
Displacement	209	(5)
Rotation	214	(7)
Bibliography	218	(3)
Acceleration	221	(16)
Micromachined Sensors	227	(4)
Piezoelectric Sensors	231	(6)
Bibliography	234	(3)
PART III Measurements	237	(80)
DC Measurements	239	(26)
Introduction	239	(1)
Digital-to-Analog Conversion	240	(4)
Voltage Measurement	244	(16)
Current Measurement	260	(1)
Resistance Measurement	261	(4)
Problems	262	(1)
Bibliography	263	(2)
AC Measurements	265	(14)
Estimated RMS	269	(3)
True RMS	272	(7)
Problems	277	(1)
Bibliography	278	(1)
Data Acquisition	279	(14)
Sample and Hold	279	(3)
Sampled Waveforms	282	(5)
Multichannel Systems	287	(1)
PC-Based Data Acquisition	288	(5)
Problems	291	(1)
Bibliography	291	(2)
Data-Acquisition Systems	293	(24)
GPIB Bus	294	(11)
GPIB for the User	305	(5)
VXI	310	(3)
PXI	313	(4)
Bibliography	315	(2)
Index	317