Music Money and Success

by Brabec, Jeffrey; Brabec, Todd; Brabec, Jerry

• ISBN13: 9780825672828
• ISBN10: 0825672821
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-11-01
• Publisher: Schirmer Trade Books

Summary

The third edition of this reference features 2002 new rates and figures-- a must for every songwriter, performer, and musician, as well as required reading for music lawyers, managing agents, producers and publishers.

Author Biography

Todd Brabec, Executive Vice President and Director of Membership for the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) and Jeff Brabec, Vice President of Business Affairs for the Chrysalis Music Group, are Deems Taylor Award winning writers for excellence in music journalism; graduates of NYU School of Law; former recording artists, writers, and entertainment lawyers; and are adjunct professors at the USC Thornton School of Music/Music Industry Department

Table of Contents

Introduction	xix
Music, Money, Songwriting, and Music Publishing	1	(52)
Music Publishers and What They Do	2	(4)
Singles, Albums, CDs, and Cassettes	3	(1)
Demonstration Records, CDs and Tapes	4	(1)
Proper Administration	4	(1)
Television and Movie Music	5	(1)
Commercials	5	(1)
Foreign Promotion and Collection of Royalties	5	(1)
The Publisher; Writer/Performer, and Record Contracts	6	(1)
Infringement Actions	6	(1)
Home Video	6	(1)
The Inner Workings of a Music Publisher	6	(3)
Business and Legal Affairs Department	7	(1)
Copyright Department	7	(1)
Foreign Department	7	(1)
Royalty Department	8	(1)
Promotion Department	8	(1)
Creative Department	8	(1)
Computer Department	8	(1)
Chief Executive	9	(1)
The Acquisition of Rights by a Publisher	9	(2)
Individual Song and Exclusive Agreements	9	(1)
Administration Agreement	10	(1)
Foreign Subpublishing-Agreement	10	(1)
The Songwriter-Music Publisher Relationship	11	(1)
Publishing Contracts	11	(2)
The Individual Song Contract	12	(1)
The Exclusive Songwriter's Contract	13	(1)
Important Provisions of Songwriter-Publisher Contracts	13	(15)
Sale of the Musical Composition	14	(1)
Return of Songs to the Writer	14	(1)
The Term	14	(1)
Rights Granted to the Publisher	15	(1)
Exclusivity	15	(1)
Compensation	16	(1)
Sharing of Advances	16	(1)
Minimum Song Delivery Requirement	17	(1)
Advances	17	(2)
Writing with Other Songwriters	19	(1)
Motion Picture and Television Theme Exclusions	19	(1)
First-Use Mechanical Licenses	20	(1)
Restrictions on Promotion in Certain Areas	21	(1)
Altering of Compositions	22	(1)
Ownership and Promotion of Demo Tapes and CDs	23	(1)
Foreign Subpublisher Fees	23	(1)
Audits	24	(1)
Infringement Claims	25	(1)
Writer-Performer Development Deals	26	(2)
Sources of Income for the Music Publisher and Songwriter	28	(24)
Performance Right Payment	28	(1)
CD, Record, and Tape Sales (Mechanical Royalties)	29	(2)
Television Series	31	(1)
Motion Pictures	32	(1)
Home Video	33	(1)
Commercials	34	(1)
Broadway Musicals	35	(1)
Instrumental Tapes/Records of Popular Songs/Sing-Alongs/Karaoke	36	(1)
Video Jukeboxes	36	(1)
Lyric Reprints in Novels or Nonfiction Books	36	(2)
Lyric Reprints in Magazines	38	(1)
Monthly Song Lyric and Sheet Music Magazines	38	(1)
Public Service Announcements	38	(1)
Recordings of Hit Songs with Changed Lyrics	39	(1)
Medleys	39	(1)
Promotional Videos	40	(1)
Greeting Cards	41	(1)
Computer and Board Trivia Games	42	(1)
Television Commercials for Motion Pictures	42	(1)
Home Video (Television Programs)	43	(1)
Home Video (Recording Artists)	43	(1)
Foreign Theatrical Royalties (Motion Pictures)	44	(1)
Dolls and Toys	44	(1)
Television Programs and Motion Pictures Based on Songs	44	(1)
Books Based on Motion Pictures (Lyric Reprints)	45	(1)
Books about a Lyricist	45	(1)
Novelty Albums	46	(1)
Lyrics on Albums, Cassettes, and CD Packages	46	(1)
Sheet Music and Folios	47	(1)
Television and Motion Picture Background Scores	47	(1)
Lyrics and Music on Soda Cans	47	(1)
Lyrics on T-Shirts and Posters	48	(1)
Audio Recordings of Books	48	(1)
Special Products Albums	48	(1)
Television Sale Only Albums	49	(1)
Record Clubs	49	(1)
Key Outlet Marketing Albums	49	(1)
Limited Edition Collectibles	50	(1)
Musical Telephones	50	(1)
Singing Fish	51	(1)
Theme Parks	51	(1)
Ringtones	51	(1)
Music Boxes	52	(1)
Internet	52	(1)
Changing Mechanical Rates	52	(1)
Conclusion	52	(1)
Music, Money, Copublishing, and Administration	53	(14)
Standard Terms of a Copublishing Agreement	55	(7)
Sharing of Income	55	(1)
Compositions Covered by the Agreement	56	(1)
Transfer of Copyright and Other Rights	57	(1)
Term of Agreement	57	(1)
Ownership of Songs after the Contract Has Ended	57	(1)
Advances	57	(2)
Nonrecoupable Payments	59	(1)
Costs of Demonstration Records	59	(1)
Additional Costs	59	(1)
Payment of Royalties to Songwriters	60	(1)
Sharing of Income between the Two Publishers	60	(1)
Administration Charges	61	(1)
The Writer's Performance Right Income	61	(1)
The Publisher's Performance Right Income	61	(1)
Reversions and Direct Collection of Income	61	(1)
Royalty Distributions to the Writer's Company	62	(1)
Recap	62	(1)
Administration Agreements	62	(5)
Fees Charged for Administrative Services	63	(1)
Duration	63	(1)
Territory	63	(1)
Royalty Statements	64	(1)
Royalty Payment Dates	64	(1)
Cover Records and New Uses	64	(1)
Monies Earned during the Term	65	(1)
Advances	65	(1)
Pros and cons of Administration Agreements	65	(1)
Choosing the Right Administrator	66	(1)
Music, Money, and the Recording Artist	67	(50)
Inside the Business	69	(1)
The Most Important Points in Every Recording Contract	69	(1)
The Term	70	(1)
Artist Royalty Clauses	71	(10)
Recording Artist Royalties	72	(1)
Retail Price Base	72	(1)
Wholesale Price Base	72	(1)
Factors That Determine an Artist's Royalty	72	(1)
Graduated-Increase Royalty Provisions	73	(1)
Sales Level Increases	73	(1)
Contract Option Year Increases	74	(1)
Royalties for Sales Outside the United States	74	(1)
Album Price Lines and Royalty Rates	75	(1)
Packaging Deductions	76	(2)
Free Goods	78	(1)
The 90% Sale Provision	79	(1)
New-Technology Royalty Rate Reductions	79	(1)
Cut-Outs and Surplus Copies	80	(1)
Royalty Payments and Accounting Statements	80	(1)
Advances	81	(2)
Album Release Obligations	83	(2)
Record Company Expenses	85	(5)
Videos	85	(2)
Tour Support	87	(1)
Promotion Expenses	87	(1)
Recording Costs	88	(2)
The Artist's Obligations	90	(11)
The Minimum Recording Obligation	90	(1)
Satisfaction of an Artist's Delivery Commitment	91	(1)
``Greatest Hits'' Albums	91	(1)
Recording Sessions and Studios	92	(1)
Album Artwork	92	(1)
Warranties and Indemnities	93	(2)
Sideman Provisions	95	(1)
Re-Recording Restrictions	95	(1)
Solo Albums (For Members of a Group)	96	(1)
Provisions for New Band Members and Departing Band Members	97	(1)
Recording and Delivery of Albums	98	(1)
Delivery of the Final Master Recording	98	(1)
Ownership of the Recordings	99	(2)
Motion Picture, Television, and Commercial Uses	101	(1)
Shipping and Return Policies	102	(2)
Returned Recordings and the Artist's Royalties	102	(2)
Insurance Policies	104	(1)
Confidentiality Clauses	104	(1)
Artist-Production Company Agreements	104	(2)
Flow-Through Clauses	105	(1)
Controlled-Composition Clauses	106	(9)
Mechanical Rates	106	(1)
Sales Plateau Increases	106	(1)
Increased Royalties for Later Albums	107	(2)
Canadian Sales	109	(1)
``Lock In'' Rate Date	109	(1)
``Greatest Hits'' Albums	110	(1)
Maximum Royalty Cap	111	(2)
Singles and EPs	113	(1)
One-Use-Only Mechanical Royalties	113	(1)
Midpriced, Budget, and Record Club Reduced Royalties	114	(1)
Increased Royalty Rates for Compositions That Are Published by the Record Company	114	(1)
Changing Mechanical Rates	114	(1)
Copyrighted Arrangements of Compositions in the Public Domain	115	(1)
Internet	116	(1)
Music, Money, and Television	117	(49)
The Television Industry	117	(4)
The Making of a Television Program	118	(1)
The Market	119	(2)
Types of Television Music and How Music Is Used	121	(1)
The Television Music Budget	121	(1)
The Television Background Music Score	122	(1)
The Television Background Score Contract	123	(10)
Composer Services	124	(1)
Starting and Completion Dates	124	(1)
Composing Fees	125	(3)
Screen Credit	128	(1)
Exclusivity of Composer's Services	128	(1)
Ownership of the Copyright	128	(1)
Music Publishing	128	(1)
Membership in a Performing Right Society	129	(1)
Suspensions and Terminations	130	(1)
Disposition of the Score	131	(1)
Transportation and Expenses	132	(1)
Share of Advance Payments	132	(1)
Warranties and Indemnifications	132	(1)
Assignments	132	(1)
Royalty Payments	133	(1)
Theatrical Version Release	133	(1)
Television Synchronization Rights (Getting Songs into Series, Specials, and Made-for-TV Movies)	133	(21)
The Importance of Hit Songs	133	(3)
Negotiating the Television License for a Song	136	(1)
Fees Charged	137	(17)
Life after a Song Gets into a Television Program (Where the Real Money Is Made)	154	(12)
Option Fees	155	(1)
Video Cassettes, DVDs and Discs	156	(3)
Hit Singles from Television Programs	159	(2)
The Television Series Soundtrack Album	161	(1)
Television Commercials Promoting the Program	161	(1)
Sheet Music Folios	162	(1)
Royalties from Motion Picture Theaters (When a Television Program Is Released as a Motion Picture)	162	(1)
Television Broadcasts of the Series, Special, Made-for-TV Movie, or Miniseries	162	(1)
Television Songs in Commercials	162	(1)
Television Songs in Other Television Programs	163	(1)
Television Songs Used in Motion Pictures	163	(1)
Conclusion	163	(3)
Music, Money, and Motion Pictures	166	(56)
Overview	166	(3)
The Movie Industry	166	(2)
The Making of a Film	168	(1)
The Market	168	(1)
Types of Motion Picture Music and How Music Is Used	169	(1)
The Film Music Budget	169	(1)
Use of Pre-Existing Hit Songs in Films	170	(18)
Determining How Much to Charge for a Song	173	(1)
Actual Fees Paid for Existing Songs	174	(1)
Opening and Closing Credits	174	(1)
Multiple Uses of a Song	175	(1)
Lyric Changes	175	(1)
Duration of License	176	(1)
Rights Granted to the Film Producer	176	(1)
Territory	177	(1)
Limited Theatrical Distribution	177	(1)
Soundtrack Album Guarantees	177	(1)
Motion Picture Producer Cut-Ins	178	(1)
First-Use Restrictions	179	(1)
Trailers and Advertisements	180	(1)
Deferred Payments	180	(1)
Home Video Advances	181	(1)
Restrictions on the Use of Songs in Other Films	181	(1)
Exclusive Holds	181	(1)
Reductions of Fees Due to the Use of Many Hit Records	182	(1)
A Publisher Having More Than One Song in a Film	183	(1)
16mm and Student-Produced Films	183	(1)
Rescoring and Replacing Songs in a Film Prior to Release	184	(1)
Promotional Television Programs	184	(1)
Nonprofit Films and Free Use of Music	184	(1)
Screen Credit	185	(1)
Music Cue Sheets and Their Importance	185	(1)
Getting Hit Songs into Films	186	(1)
Producers and the Selecting of Songs	186	(2)
Recap	188	(1)
The Song Written for a Motion Picture	188	(8)
Breaking into the Business	189	(1)
The Song for Film---From Start to Finish	190	(1)
The ``Song Written for a Film'' Contract	190	(6)
Life after the Motion Picture Release (Where the Real Money Is Made)	196	(9)
Motion Picture Home Video Licensing	196	(4)
Hit Singles from Motion Pictures	200	(1)
The Motion Picture Soundtrack Album	201	(1)
Television Commercials Promoting the Film	202	(1)
Sheet Music Folios	203	(1)
Motion Picture Songs in Commercials	203	(1)
Royalties from Motion Picture Theaters	204	(1)
Television Broadcasts of the Motion Picture	204	(1)
Film Songs Used in Television Programs	204	(1)
Film Songs Used in Other Motion Pictures	205	(1)
Miscellaneous Sources of Income	205	(1)
The Motion Picture Background Music Score	205	(11)
History of the Field	206	(1)
The Feature Film Background Score Contract	206	(10)
Sources of Income: The Background Scorer	216	(5)
Composing, Arranging, and Conducting Fee	217	(1)
Foreign Theatrical and Other Performance Royalties	217	(2)
U.S. Cable, Network, and Local Television Performances	219	(1)
Soundtrack Albums	220	(1)
Conclusion	221	(1)
Music, Money, and Commercials	222	(15)
The Advertising Industry and How It Works	223	(6)
The Advertising Agency and Its Use of Music	224	(1)
The Importance of the Advertising Agency	225	(1)
The Jingle	225	(1)
Creation of a Jingle and the Monies That Can Be Earned	226	(1)
The Independent Writer	226	(1)
The Jingle Production Company	226	(1)
The Writer as Employee of an Advertising Agency	226	(1)
Hit Songs Used In Commercials	227	(1)
Permission to Use a Hit Song In a Commercial	227	(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of a Hit Song Being Used in a Commercial (From a Publisher's and Writer's Point of View)	228	(1)
Jingles (Songs Written for Commercials)	229	(1)
The Jingle Writer and the Advertising Agency	229	(1)
The Agency and the Production Company	229	(1)
Negotiating with an Advertising Agency for a Hit Song	230	(6)
Parties to the Agreement	231	(1)
Copyright Ownership	231	(1)
Duration of License	231	(1)
Exclusivity versus Nonexclusivity	232	(1)
Number of Commercials	232	(1)
Payment of Fees	232	(1)
Exercise of Options	232	(1)
Territory	233	(1)
Media	234	(1)
Foreign Countries	234	(1)
Restrictions on Songwriter/Recording Artists	234	(1)
Restrictions on First Broadcast Use by Another Product	235	(1)
Lyric Changes or Instrumental Uses	235	(1)
Performance Rights	235	(1)
Radio and Television Royalties for Advertising Music	236	(1)
Music, Money, and Performances	237	(48)
The Performing Right	237	(2)
The Organizations and How to Join	239	(2)
ASCAP	239	(1)
BMI	240	(1)
Types of License Agreements	241	(1)
Writer and Publisher Contracts and Termination Dates	242	(1)
Considerations in Making a Decision	243	(1)
ASCAP and BMI Income and Distributions	243	(1)
Components of ASCAP and BMI Income	244	(3)
Domestic	245	(1)
Foreign	245	(1)
Special Distributions	245	(1)
Interim Fees	246	(1)
Payment Dates and Methods of Payment	247	(2)
ASCAP	247	(2)
BMI	249	(1)
ASCAP and BMI Payment Philosophy and Rules	249	(3)
ASCAP	249	(2)
BMI	251	(1)
Payment Changes	252	(1)
Co-Written Compositions	253	(1)
Services Provided	253	(1)
ASCAP Payments and Payment Rules	254	(13)
Types of Performances and Their Values	254	(1)
Weights	255	(4)
Payment Formulas/Weights into Dollars	259	(1)
Radio	260	(1)
Network Television	261	(1)
Network Payment Formulas	262	(1)
Local Television	263	(1)
Cable	264	(1)
Music and Lyrics in Commercials	265	(1)
Payments	266	(1)
Live Performances	267	(1)
Per Program Distributions	267	(1)
Internet	267	(1)
The BMI Payment Schedule	267	(14)
Radio	268	(1)
The 1977 Song Bonus	269	(1)
1987 and 1998 Payment Schedules	270	(3)
BMI Radio Payments	273	(1)
Voluntary Quarterly Payments	274	(2)
Survey of Performances	276	(1)
Television	276	(1)
Types of Performance	276	(1)
Network Television	277	(1)
Payment Schedule Rates	278	(1)
Local Television	279	(1)
Cable	280	(1)
Music and Lyrics in Commercials	280	(1)
Live Performance Payments/Internet	281	(1)
SESAC	281	(1)
Payments	281	(1)
Contracts	282	(1)
Chart Songs---What They Earn	282	(2)
Future Changes	284	(1)
Music, Money, and Broadway	285	(24)
An Overview of the Broadway Musical	285	(3)
Broadway and Road Performances	286	(1)
Broadway Musicals	286	(1)
The Broadway Composer and Lyricist	287	(1)
Sources of Income for the Broadway Composer and Lyricist	287	(1)
Rights and Royalties of the Broadway Show Writer:The Dramatists Guild Contract	288	(4)
Monies Paid to the Composer and Lyricist Prior to the Actual Production of the Broadway Musical (Option Payments)	288	(1)
Advance Payments	289	(1)
Pre-Broadway Performances	290	(1)
The Broadway Opening	290	(1)
Broadway Writer Royalties	291	(1)
Royalty Pools	291	(1)
Weekly Costs of a Broadway Musical	292	(1)
The Weekly Breakeven Point	292	(1)
Road Performances during or after the Broadway Run	292	(3)
Weekly Costs of a Show on the Road	293	(2)
Adjustments in a Writer's Royalties (Dramatists Guild Contracts)	295	(1)
The New York Run (Minimum Weekly Guarantee)	295	(1)
Touring Shows (Minimum Weekly Guarantee)	296	(1)
Broadway Shows Produced under Non-Dramatists Guild Contracts	296	(2)
Fixed-Dollar Royalty Shows	296	(1)
Percentage-Of-Receipts Royalty	297	(1)
Touring Shows with Guarantees	297	(1)
What the Producer Must Do to Ensure Rights to a Share of Subsidiary Income from the Broadway Show (Dramatists Guild Contracts)	298	(3)
Producer's Share of Subsidiary Rights	299	(1)
Producer's Right to Subsidiary Income under non-Dramatists Guild Contracts	299	(2)
Life after Broadway (Where the Real Money Is Made)	301	(8)
Hit Singles from Broadway Shows	301	(2)
Broadway Show Music in Commercials	303	(1)
Television Commercials Promoting a Broadway Musical	303	(1)
Television Performances of Songs in the Play	303	(1)
Television Performances of the Play	304	(1)
The Broadway Show Cast Album	304	(1)
Motion Picture Soundtrack Albums	305	(1)
Successful Cover Records	305	(1)
Sheet Music Folios	306	(1)
Royalties from Motion Picture Theaters	306	(1)
Broadway Songs Used in Television Programs	306	(1)
Broadway Songs Used in Motion Pictures	306	(1)
The Broadway Musical as a Motion Picture	307	(1)
Home Video	308	(1)
Noncast Albums	308	(1)
Catalogue Musicals	308	(1)
Music, Money, and Foreign Countries	309	(18)
Overview	309	(1)
The Role of the Subpublisher	310	(2)
Administration vs. Promotion	310	(1)
Worldwide Representation vs. Territory-by-Territory Agreements	311	(1)
The Subpublishing Agreement	312	(11)
Term	312	(1)
Royalty Percentages	312	(1)
Local Cover Recordings	313	(1)
Increased Fees for Cover Records (Mechanical vs. Performance Income)	313	(1)
Print	314	(1)
Compositions Controlled by the Agreement	314	(2)
Advances	316	(1)
How Advances Are Paid	316	(1)
Information That Must Be Supplied to the Foreign Representative	317	(1)
At-Source Royalty Payments	318	(1)
Rights Granted to the Foreign Representative	319	(2)
Rights Reserved by the U.S. Publisher	321	(1)
Royalty Payment Dates and Audit Rights	321	(1)
Retention Rights	321	(2)
Foreign Performing Rights Societies	323	(2)
Organization and Distribution Rules	323	(2)
Mechanical Royalties	325	(1)
Ringtones	326	(1)
Music, Money, and the Buying and Seling of Songs	327	(23)
Overview	328	(4)
Purchase of Assets	328	(1)
The Purchase Price	329	(1)
Calculation of Net Income (Cash vs. Accrual Basis)	329	(2)
Salaries and Other Costs of Doing Business	331	(1)
Purchase Price Multiples	331	(1)
The Prospectus: Its Form and Content	332	(5)
Business Summary	332	(1)
Financial Information	332	(1)
Listing of Top-Earning Compositions	333	(1)
Net Income and Earning History Charts	333	(1)
Current Contracts	334	(1)
Foreign Subpublishing Agreements	335	(1)
Future Commitments	336	(1)
The Letter of Intent/Short-Form Commitment-to-Sell Agreement	337	(3)
Description of Assets Being Sold	337	(1)
Earnings History	337	(1)
Purchase Price	337	(1)
Warranties	338	(1)
Subpublishing Agreements	339	(1)
Income Cutoff Date	339	(1)
Definitive Closing Date	339	(1)
Investigating the Assets Being Acquired	340	(6)
Financial Due Diligence	340	(3)
Legal Due Diligence	343	(3)
The Formal Purchase Agreement	346	(2)
The Aftermath of the Acquisition Agreement	348	(1)
Mergers	349	(1)
Securitization	349	(1)
Conclusion	349	(1)
Music, Money, and Copyright	350	(16)
Exclusive Rights of Copyright	351	(1)
Works Made for Hire	352	(1)
Compulsory Licenses	352	(2)
The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992	354	(1)
Copyright Royalty Tribunal/CARP	354	(1)
Copyright Notice	355	(1)
Fees and Forms	355	(1)
Duration of Copyright	355	(2)
Revision of Copyright Renewal Procedures	357	(1)
Renewal Claimants	358	(1)
Termination Rights	358	(3)
Termination of the Extended Copyright Renewal Term	359	(1)
When the Termination Notice Must Be Sent	359	(1)
What the Termination Notice Must Contain	359	(1)
Service of the Notice	360	(1)
Persons Entitled to Terminate the Extended Renewal Term	360	(1)
Termination of Agreements Made during or after 1978	360	(1)
When the Termination Notice Must Be Sent	360	(1)
Sound Recordings	361	(1)
Infringement of Copyright	361	(1)
International Copyright Protection	362	(1)
Completing the PA Copyright Form	363	(1)
Digital Performance Right in Sound Recordings Act/Digital Millennium Copyright Act	364	(1)
Termination Rights Under the 1998 Term Extension Act	365	(1)
Conclusion	365	(1)
Music, Money, Lawyers, Managers, and Agents	366	(8)
Lawyers and Their Role	366	(4)
Lawyers' Fees	367	(3)
Managers and Their Role	370	(2)
Manager's Contracts	371	(1)
Manager's Fees	372	(1)
Agents	372	(2)
Putting It All Together	374	(8)
Mechanical Royalties	374	(2)
Recording Artist Royalties	376	(1)
U.S. Performance Royalties	376	(1)
Commercial Use	376	(2)
Motion Picture Use	378	(1)
Television Series Use	378	(1)
Foreign Mechanicals and Performances	379	(1)
The Broadway Musical	379	(1)
The Motion Picture Background Score	380	(1)
Additional Income-Producing Areas and Internet	380	(2)
Breaking into the Business	382	(11)
Co-Writing Songs with Writers with Publishing Deals	382	(1)
Being in a Performing Group	383	(1)
Submitting CDs and Tapes to Music Publishers	383	(1)
Demo Recordings	384	(1)
Songwriter Conferences	385	(1)
Showcases	385	(1)
Attorneys	385	(1)
Record Producers	386	(1)
Managers	387	(1)
Agents	387	(1)
Music Videos	387	(1)
Cable Television	388	(1)
ASCAP and BMI	388	(1)
Paying to Get Your Songs Published	388	(1)
Finding the Right Publisher	389	(1)
Different Types of Publishers	390	(1)
Film and Television	390	(2)
Demo Reviews in Magazines	392	(1)
Music Web Sites	392	(1)
Music, Money, and Sampling	393	(7)
Overview	393	(4)
Format of the Sample Agreement	397	(2)
Copyright Registration	397	(1)
Administration of the New Composition	397	(1)
Collection of Monies/Payments of Songwriter Royalties	398	(1)
Additional Sampling	398	(1)
Recap	399	(1)
Music, Money, Co-Ventures, and Joint Ventures	400	(7)
Types of Joint Venture/Co-Venture Agreements	401	(6)
Term	401	(1)
Co-Publishing	401	(1)
Administration	401	(1)
Advances	402	(1)
Advances to the Co-Venture Partner	402	(1)
Scope of the Agreement	403	(1)
Songwriting Services of the Co-Venturer	403	(1)
Sharing of Income	403	(1)
Deals that Extend Past the Term of the Co-Venture Agreement	403	(1)
Guaranteed Funding	404	(1)
Carry Forward Advances	405	(1)
Exercise of Options for Songwriter Agreements	405	(2)
Music, Money, and the Internet	407	(8)
Main Issues	407	(1)
The Laws	408	(1)
Rights	408	(2)
Two Copyrights	408	(1)
The Song	409	(1)
The Record	409	(1)
Synchronization	410	(1)
Record Company Contracts	410	(2)
Royalty Calculations	410	(1)
Escalating Royalty Clauses	411	(1)
Term/Release Obligations/Advances	411	(1)
Music Publishing Contracts	412	(1)
Web Site Ownership	413	(1)
Deductions	413	(1)
Record Company/Traditional Versus Internet	414	(1)
Future	414	(1)
Guide to Music Industry Organizations	415	(8)
Index	423