Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

by Martinez, Jr.; Kesner

• ISBN13: 9780124756557
• ISBN10: 0124756557
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-06-12
• Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology

Summary

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory provides an excellent overview of current information on this fast-growing field of neurobiology. The contents have been structured for use as a course text or as a handy resource for researchers in neuro- and cognitive psychology. It discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, as well as changes in learning and memory with age. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory also includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates, presenting basics in anatomy and development along with computational models. It is written in an easy-to-follow format with summaries at the end of each chapter. Key Features * Provides an overview of information on the neurobiology of learning and memory * Discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, and changes in learning and memory with age * Includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates * Gives basics on anatomy and development * Written for easy comprehension with chapter summaries

Table of Contents

Contributors	xiii	(2)
Preface	xv
1 Historical Perspectives on the Development of the Biology of Learning and Memory	1	(54)
Mark R. Rosenzweig
I. Introduction	1	(1)
II. History in 50-Year Spans	1	(1)
III. William James (1890) on the Physical Basis of Habit and Memory	2	(2)
IV. Advances Made around the End of the Nineteenth Century	4	(4)
V. The Status of the Field in 1940	8	(2)
VI. Pessimism and Then Rapid Gains during the Last Half Century	10	(2)
VII. Electrophysiological Studies of Learning and Memory	12	(7)
VIII. Neurochemical and Neuroanatomical Effects of Training and Experience	19	(7)
IX. Are the Neural Mechanisms of Learning and Development the Same?	26	(2)
X. Neurochemical Mechanisms of Learning and Memory	28	(7)
XI. Cerebral Localization of Learning and Memory Processes Using Dissociation Designs	35	(2)
XII. Genetic Studies of Learning Ability: From Selection to Mutations to Molecular Biology	37	(3)
XIII. Studies Using Noninvasive Brain Imaging	40	(2)
XIV. Conclusions	42	(1)
References	43	(12)
2 Developmental Approaches to the Memory Process	55	(34)
James E. Black
William T. Greenough
I. Some Historical Aspects of Memory Ontogeny Research	55	(3)
II. Experience-Expectant and Experience-Dependent Neural Plasticity	58	(1)
III. Quantitative Methods in Developmental Neurobiology	59	(4)
IV. Neurobiological Correlates of Memory Development	63	(17)
V. Implications for the Neurobiological Study of Memory	80	(2)
References	82	(7)
3 Gene Targeting: A Novel Window into the Biology of Learning and Memory	89	(54)
Alcino J. Silva
Karl Peter Giese
I. Introduction	89	(1)
II. The Role of Genetics	90	(2)
III. What Is Gene Targeting?	92	(3)
IV. Genes and Organisms	95	(1)
V. Probing Hippocampal Function with Gene Targeting	96	(21)
VI. Genetics: Concerns and Critiques	117	(8)
VII. The Near Future	125	(7)
VIII. Conclusions	132	(2)
References	134	(9)
4 Pharmacological Approaches to the Study of Learning and Memory	143	(34)
Norman M. White
Juan A. Salinas
I. Introduction	143	(1)
II. Memory	144	(6)
III. Psychopharmacology	150	(6)
IV. Conditioning of Drug-Induced Responses	156	(4)
V. Drug-Produced Modulation of Memory	160	(6)
VI. Conclusion	166	(3)
References	169	(8)
5 Invertebrate Learning: Current Perspectives	177	(40)
Christine Sahley
Terry Crow
I. Introduction	177	(1)
II. Habituation and Sensitization	178	(9)
III. Pavlovian Conditioning	187	(11)
IV. Conclusion	198	(1)
References	199	(18)
6 Long-Term Potentiation, Long-Term Depression, and Learning	217	(30)
Joe L. Martinez, Jr.
Edwin J. Barea-Rodriguez
Brian E. Derrick
I. Cellular Mechanisms of LTP and LTD Induction	217	(5)
II. Electrophysiological Approaches to Relating LTP to Learning	222	(4)
III. Pharmacological Approaches Relating LTP to Learning	226	(5)
IV. Knockout Mutants, LTP, and Hippocampally Dependent Learning	231	(6)
V. Knockout Mutants, LTD, and Cerebellar-Dependent Learning	237	(1)
VI. Conclusion	238	(1)
VII. Summary Points	239	(1)
References	240	(7)
7 Memory Changes during Normal Aging: Neurobiological Correlates	247	(42)
C.A. Barnes
I. Introduction	247	(2)
II. Effect of Aging on Memory in Humans: Potential Contribution of Animal Models	249	(4)
III. Example of Correspondence between Age-Related Memory Change in Humans and in Rodents	253	(4)
IV. Involvement of the Hippocampus in Learning and Memory	257	(2)
V. Relation of Spatial Behavioral Changes in Aging to Underlying Neural Mechanisms	259	(7)
VI. Therapeutic Approaches to Memory Loss with Aging	266	(6)
VII. Concluding Remarks	272	(1)
References	273	(16)
8 Vertebrate Models of Learning and Memory	289	(44)
Bruce S. Kapp
Amy J. Silvestri
Fay A. Guarraci
I. Introduction	289	(1)
II. Characteristics of a Vertebrate Model	290	(2)
III. Analyses of Neural Circuitry Mediating the Acquisition of Rapidly Acquired CRs	292	(22)
IV. Analyses of Neural Circuitry Mediating the Acquisition of Slowly Acquired CRs	314	(8)
V. Rapidly and Slowly Acquired CRs: Relationships at the Behavioral and Neural Levels and Implications for Two-Process Learning Theories	322	(2)
VI. Summary	324	(1)
References	325	(8)
9 The Neuropsychology of Human Learning and Memory	333	(28)
Felicia B. Gershberg
Arthur P. Shimamura
I. Introduction	333	(1)
II. The Amnesic Syndrome	334	(1)
III. Early Views of Amnesia	335	(1)
IV. A Systems View of Memory	336	(3)
V. A Processing View of Memory	339	(2)
VI. Contemporary Views: Integrating Systems and Processing	341	(9)
VII. Conclusions	350	(1)
VIII. Key Points	351	(1)
References	352	(9)
10 Neurobiological Views of Memory	361	(56)
Raymond P. Kesner
I. Introduction	361	(1)
II. Neurobiology of a Dual-System, Multiple-Attribute Model	362	(21)
III. Knowledge-Based Memory System	383	(9)
IV. Independence of the Data-Based and Knowledge-Based Memory Systems	392	(3)
V. Other Neurobiological Memory System Models	395	(8)
VI. Summary	403	(2)
References	405	(12)
11 Psychobiological Models of Hippocampal Function in Learning and Memory	417	(32)
Mark A. Gluck
Catherine E. Myers
I. Introduction	417	(1)
II. The Hippocampal Region Is Critical for Learning and Memory	418	(2)
III. Marr's Autoassociative Memory Store	420	(2)
IV. Autoassociative Models of CA3 and Episodic Memory	422	(8)
V. Stimulus Representation in Associative Learning	430	(5)
VI. Dissociating Parahippocampal and Hippocampal Contributions	435	(4)
VII. Incorporating Subcortical Cholinergic Modulation	439	(3)
VIII. Summary and General Discussion	442	(2)
References	444	(5)
Index	449