Neuronal Processing of Optic Flow

by Harris; Bradley; Jenner; Lappe

• ISBN13: 9780123668448
• ISBN10: 0123668441
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-11-22
• Publisher: Elsevier Science

Summary

When we walk, drive a car, or fly an airplane, visual motion is used to control and guide our movement. Optic flow describes the characteristic pattern of visual motion that arises in these situations. This book is the first to take an in-depth look at the neuronal processing strategies that underlie the brain's ability to analyze and use optic flow for the control of self-motion. It does so in a variety of species which use optic flow in different behavioral contexts. The spectrum ranges from flying insects to birds, higher mammals and man. The contributions cover physiological and behavioral studies as well as computational models. Neuronal Processing of Optic Flow provides an authoritative and comprehensive overview of the current state of research on this topic written by a group of authors who have made essential contributions to shaping this field of research over the last ten years.

Table of Contents

Contributors	ix
Foreword	xi
Preface	xv
PART I PERCEPTION
Human Ego-Motion Perception
A. V. van den Berg
Introduction	3	(1)
Retinal Flow and Optic Flow	4	(2)
Basic Properties of Heading Perception	6	(1)
The Rotation Problem	7	(4)
Special Visual Strategies to Solve the Rotation Problem	11	(2)
Circular Heading and Curved Motion Path Percept	13	(3)
Heading Perception and the Pattern of Flow	16	(2)
Temporal Properties of Heading Perception	18	(2)
Heading Perception and Moving Objects	20	(1)
The Reciprocal Relation between Optic Flow and Ego-Motion	21	(8)
References	22	(7)
PART II EYE MOVEMENTS
Optic Flow and Eye Movements
Markus Lappe
Klaus-Peter Hoffmann
Introduction	29	(1)
Gaze during Self-Motion	30	(2)
Ocular Reflexes during Self-Motion	32	(3)
Optic Flow Induced Eye Movements	35	(7)
Implications of Eye Movements for Optic Flow Processing	42	(3)
Conclusion	45	(6)
References	46	(5)
The Role of MST Neurons during Ocular Tracking in 3D Space
Kenji Kawano
Yuka Inoue
Aya Takemura
Yasushi Kodaka
Frederick A. Miles
Neuronal Activity in MST during Short-Latency Ocular Following	51	(6)
Neuronal Activity in MST during Short-Latency Vergence	57	(4)
Role of MST Neurons during Ocular Tracking in 3D Space	61	(1)
Tracking Objects Moving in 3D Space	61	(6)
References	62	(5)
PART III ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGY
Visual Navigation in Flying Insects
Mandyam V. Srinivasan
Shao-Wu Zhang
Introduction	67	(1)
Peering Insects	68	(1)
Flying Insects	69	(19)
Concluding Remarks	88	(5)
References	89	(4)
Neuronal Matched Filters for Optic Flow Processing in Flying Insects
Holger G. Krapp
Introduction	93	(1)
Visually Guided Behavior and Optic Flow Processing in Flying Insects	94	(3)
How to Gain Self-Motion Information from Optic Flow	97	(2)
The Fly Visual System	99	(2)
Mapping the Local Response Properties of Tangential Neurons	101	(7)
Response Fields and Matched Filters for Optic Flow Processing	108	(3)
Conclusion	111	(10)
References	115	(6)
A Common Frame of Reference for the Analysis of Optic Flow and Vestibular Information
Barrie J. Frost
Douglas R.W. Wylie
Object Motion versus Self-Motion	121	(1)
The Accessory Optic System	122	(14)
Conclusion	136	(5)
References	137	(4)
Optic Flow and the Visual Guidance of Locomotion in the Cat
Helen Sherk
Garth A. Fowler
Introduction	141	(1)
Uses of Vision during Locomotion	142	(5)
Gaze during Visually Guided Locomotion	147	(3)
Neural Mechanisms for Analyzing Optic Flow Information	150	(16)
Conclusion	166	(7)
References	167	(6)
PART IV CORTICAL MECHANISMS
Stages of Self-Motion Processing in Primate Posterior Parietal Cortex
Frank Bremmer
Jean-Rene Duhamel
Suliann Ben Hamed
Werner Graf
Motion-Sensitive Areas in the Macaque Visual Cortical System	173	(18)
Cortical Vestibular Areas	191	(1)
Human Brain Areas Involved in the Processing of Self-Motion Information	192	(1)
Conclusion	192	(7)
References	193	(6)
Optic Flow Analysis for Self-Movement Perception
Charles J. Duffy
Introduction	199	(1)
MST Sensitivity to Heading Direction	200	(4)
MST Sensitivity to the Structure of the Environment	204	(3)
MST Responses to Real Translational Self-Movement	207	(3)
Interactions between Optic Flow and Translational Self-Movement	210	(3)
MST's Role in Self-Movement Perception	213	(1)
A Distributed Network for Self-Movement Perception	214	(5)
References	216	(3)
Neural Mechanisms for Self-Motion Perception in Area MST
Richard A. Andersen
Krishna V. Shenoy
James A. Crowell
David C. Bradley
Area MST---Optic Flow Selectivity	219	(4)
Area MST---Shifting Receptive Fields	223	(7)
Conclusion	230	(5)
References	231	(4)
Computational Mechanisms for Optic Flow Analysis in Primate Cortex
Markus Lappe
Introduction	235	(1)
Foundations and Goals of Modeling	236	(1)
Models of Optic Flow Processing in Primates	237	(5)
Comparisons with Physiology: Optic Flow Representation in Area MT	242	(3)
Comparisons with Physiology: Optic Flow Selectivity in Area MST	245	(8)
Receptive Fields of Optic Flow Processing Neurons	253	(2)
The Population Heading Map	255	(9)
Conclusion	264	(5)
References	264	(5)
Human Cortical Areas Underlying the Perception of Optic Flow: Brain Imaging Studies
Mark W. Greenlee
Introduction	269	(5)
New Techniques in Brain Imaging	274	(13)
Summary	287	(6)
References	288	(5)
What Neurological Patients Tell Us about the Use of Optic Flow
Lucia M. Vaina
Simon K. Rushton
Introduction	293	(1)
Functional Architecture of Motion for Navigation	293	(2)
Why Study Motion-Impaired Neurological Patients?	295	(2)
The Radial Flow Field	297	(3)
Impairment of Locomotion and Recovery of Locomotor Function	300	(2)
Heading Perception in the Presence of Objects	302	(7)
Conclusion	309	(6)
References	309	(6)
Index	315