The New Nationalism and the First World War examines the rise of a new form of nationalism at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. This acrimonious new conception of the nation was tied to the vast social disruptions emerging in the urbanizing and industrializing modern world. Earlier, the ethnocentrism of imperialism had defined the "Other" outside national boundaries. Now that dialectic turned inward as well, aiming to define a collective identity by seeking an "enemy within." Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this volume examines the new conceptions of national identity present in nationalist movements across a variety of geopolitical contexts in pre-First World War years. It is dedicated to a transnational study of the features of the turn-of-the-century nationalism, their manifestations in social and political arenas and the arts and their influence on the development of the global-scale conflict that was the First World War.