New Perspectives in Healthcare Ethics An Interdisciplinary and Crosscultural Approach

by Tong, Rosemarie

• ISBN13: 9780130613479
• ISBN10: 0130613479
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-02-21
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Tong, a well-known biomedical ethicist, combines medical ethics, bioethics, and her own unique insights to provide a comprehensive survey of contemporary health care ethics issues. Among the topics discussed in this book are complementary and alternative medicine; contraception and sterilization; infertility and assisted reproduction; and surrogate motherhood; genetic testing (screening and counseling); genetic therapy; biomedical and behavioral research; and euthanasia and assisted suicide. A useful reference work for those in the health care industry.

Author Biography

Rosemarie Tong is distinguished Professor of Health Care Ethics at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.  She is the author or co-author of Women, Sex, and the Law; Ethics in Policy Analysis; Feminist Thought: A Comprehensive Introduction; Feminine and Feminist Ethics; Controlling Our Reproductive Destiny: A Technological and Philosophical Perspective (with Lawrence Kaplan); Feminist Approaches to Bioethics;and Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction.  Her edited books include Feminist Philosophy: Essential Readings in Theory, Reinterpretation, and Application (with Nancy Tuana), Globalizing Feminist Bioethics (with Aida Santos and Gwen Anderson), and soon to be published Feminist Bioethics, Human Rights and the Developing World: Integrating Global and Local Perspectives (with Anne Donchin and Susan Dodds). 

Table of Contents

Preface	xiii
Acknowledgements	xvii
Part One A Conceptual Framework for Health Care Ethics	1	(60)
Introduction	1	(5)
Points of Emphasis	1	(3)
Concluding Thoughts	4	(1)
Endnotes	5	(1)
Ethical Theories and Principles in Health Care	6	(32)
Introduction	6	(1)
Ethical Relativism, Ethical Pluralism, and Ethical Worldviews	6	(3)
Major Ethical Theories in the Western World: Forging a Personal Worldview	9	(15)
Ethical Principles in Health Care	24	(7)
Balancing the Principles of Nonmaleficence, Beneficence, Autonomy and Justice	31	(2)
Conclusion	33	(1)
Discussion Questions	34	(1)
Cases	34	(1)
Endnotes	35	(3)
The Health Care Professional-Patient Relationship	38	(23)
Introduction	38	(1)
The Practice-Institution Relationship in Health Care	38	(2)
Models of the Health Care Professional--Patient Relationship	40	(5)
Meeting the Demands of Competence and Care in the Health Care Professional--Patient Relationship	45	(3)
Respecting the Rights of Patients in the Health Care Professional--Patient Relationship	48	(8)
Conclusion	56	(1)
Discussion Questions	57	(1)
Case Studies	57	(2)
Endnotes	59	(2)
Part Two Health and Disease Issues	61	(48)
Biological Givens Or Social Constructions?	61	(19)
Introduction	61	(1)
Goals of Health Care	61	(4)
The Concepts of Health and Disease	65	(5)
The Concepts of Wellness and Illness	70	(4)
Conclusion	74	(2)
Discussion Questions	76	(1)
Case Studies	76	(2)
Endnotes	78	(2)
Biomedical and Behavioral Research	80	(29)
Introduction	80	(1)
Differences between Biomedical and Behavioral Research	81	(1)
Brief History of Biomedical and Behavioral Research Regulation	81	(2)
Ethical Issues in Biomedical Behavioral Research	83	(2)
Ethical Issues in Behavioral Research	85	(2)
Ethical and Legal Issues in Informed Consent	87	(5)
Protectionism and Accessionism in Biomedical and Behavioral Research	92	(2)
Ongoing and Emerging Debates in Biomedical Research in the United States	94	(7)
Conclusion	101	(2)
Discussion Questions	103	(1)
Case Studies	104	(1)
Endnotes	105	(4)
Part Three Beginning of Life Issues	109	(128)
Abortion	109	(28)
Introduction	109	(1)
Abortion Types and Methods	110	(5)
Ethical Issues in Abortion	115	(6)
Legal Issues in Abortion	121	(8)
Conclusion	129	(2)
Discussion Questions	131	(1)
Case Studies	131	(2)
Endnotes	133	(4)
Reproduction-Assisting Technologies: Donor Insemination, In Vitro Fertilization, and Beyond	137	(40)
Introduction	137	(1)
Treatments for Infertility	138	(1)
Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Donor Insemination (DI)	139	(7)
Ethical and Legal Dimensions of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)	146	(8)
The Ethical and Legal Dimensions of Surrogate Motherhood	154	(14)
Conclusion	168	(1)
Discussion Questions	168	(1)
Case Studies	169	(2)
Endnotes	171	(6)
Genetic Screening, Counseling, and Therapy	177	(39)
Introduction	177	(1)
Genetic Testing and Screening	178	(19)
Genetic Counseling	197	(1)
Gene Therapy	198	(9)
Conclusion	207	(1)
Discussion Questions	208	(1)
Case Studies	209	(2)
Endnotes	211	(5)
Therapeutic Cloning, Reproductive Cloning, and Ectogenesis	216	(21)
Introduction	216	(1)
Research on Fetuses	217	(2)
Research on Preembryos	219	(5)
Reproductive Cloning	224	(3)
Ectogenesis	227	(4)
Conclusion	231	(1)
Discussion Questions	231	(2)
Case Studies	233	(1)
Endnotes	233	(4)
Part Four End of Life Issues	237	(54)
The Aging Process and Long-Term Health Care	237	(25)
Introduction	237	(1)
The Aging Process	238	(3)
Antiaging Medicine	241	(2)
Aging and the Growing Need for Long-Term Care	243	(11)
Conclusion	254	(2)
Discussion Questions	256	(1)
Case Studies	256	(2)
Endnotes	258	(4)
Euthanasia, Assisted Suicide, and Palliative Care	262	(29)
Introduction	262	(1)
Types of Euthanasia	262	(15)
Physician-Assisted Suicide	277	(4)
Advance Care Directives	281	(2)
Palliative Care and Hospice	283	(2)
Conclusion	285	(1)
Discussion Questions	285	(1)
Case Studies	286	(2)
Endnotes	288	(3)
Part Five Micro- and Macro-Allocation Issues	291	(46)
Organ Transplantation: Individual Allocation Decisions	291	(27)
Introduction	291	(1)
Overview of Organ and Tissue Transplantation	292	(1)
Ethical and Legal Issues Regarding Organ Donors	292	(8)
Ethics of Transplant Teams and End-of-Life Teams	300	(3)
Increasing the Supply of Organs	303	(5)
Allocation of Organs	308	(4)
Conclusion	312	(1)
Discussion Questions and Case Studies	312	(2)
Endnotes	314	(4)
Health Care Reform: Social Distribution Decisions	318	(19)
Introduction	318	(1)
Health Care Costs in the United States	318	(5)
Health Care Insurance Accessibility in the United States	323	(6)
Health Care System Reform Proposals	329	(4)
Conclusion	333	(3)
Discussion Questions	336	(1)
Case Studies	336	(1)
Endnotes	337