The New Testament A Historical Introduction to the Early Christian Writings

by Ehrman, Bart D.

• ISBN13: 9780199757534
• ISBN10: 0199757534
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2011-07-01
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

Featuring vibrant full color throughout, the fifth edition of Bart D. Ehrman's highly successful introduction approaches the New Testament from a consistently historical and comparative perspective, emphasizing the rich diversity of the earliest Christian literature. Distinctive to this study is its unique focus on the historical, literary, and religious milieux of the Greco-Roman world, including early Judaism. As part of its historical orientation, the book also discusses other Christian writings that were roughly contemporary with the New Testament, such as theGospel of Thomas,theApocalypse of Peter,and the letters of Ignatius. FEATURES: * A uniquely accessible and engaging writing style that vividly brings the New Testament story to life * Descriptions and models of various methods for studying ancient literature * Time lines, illustrations, maps, and more than 100 photos, including three photo essays * Five types of text boxes: "What to Expect," "At a Glance," "Another Glimpse into the Past," "What Do You Think?," and "Take a Stand" * An extensive glossary of key terms, which appear in boldface type the first time they are used in each chapter * Anupdated Companion Website at www.oup.com/us/ehrmanthat provides students with links to media resources, chapter summaries, interactive multiple-choice self-quizzes, reading guides, flash cards, maps, and time lines *A FREE 6-month subscription to Oxford Biblical Studies Online (www.oxfordbiblicalstudies.com)--a $180 value--with the purchase of every new copy of this text. Please contact your Oxford University Press Sales Representative at 800.280.0280 for details. NEW TO THIS EDITION: * A completely reworked chapter (2) on textual criticism, which now appears at the beginning of the book * Take a Stand" boxes that are designed to help students synthesize the material in each chapter * Expanded bibliographies featuring the most up-to-date research available * New boxes on "Jesus and the Woman Taken in Adultery," "The Ending of Mark," and "The Laughing Jesus"

Author Biography

Bart D. Ehrman is the James A. Gray Professor of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has published numerous books and articles, including The Apocryphal Gospels: Texts and Translations (OUP, 2011); A Brief Introduction to the New Testament, Second Edition (OUP, 2010); and Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew (OUP, 2005).

Table of Contents

Chapters 2-30 end with Key Terms and Suggestions for Further Reading.
Boxes
Maps, Time Lines, and Diagrams
Preface to the Fourth Edition
Preface to the Fifth Edition
Acknowledgments
Notes on Suggestions for Further Reading
Credits
Master Time Line
1. WHAT IS THE NEW TESTAMENT? THE EARLY CHRISTIANS AND THEIR LITERATURE
The Diversity of Early Christianity
The New Testament Canon of Scripture
Implications for Our Study
At a Glance: Box 1.5 The New Testament Canon
Excursus: Some Additional Reflections: The Historian and the Believer
Take a Stand
2. DO WE HAVE THE ORIGINAL NEW TESTAMENT?
Publishing Books: Now and Then
How Can We Know if We Have an Ancient Author's Actual Words?
What Manuscripts of the New Testament Do We Have? The Good News and Bad News
A Concrete Example
Accidental Mistakes
Intentional Errors
Criteria for Establishing the Text
At a Glance: Box 2.6 The Text of the New Testament
Take a Stand
3. THE WORLD OF EARLY CHRISTIAN TRADITIONS
The Problem of Beginnings
One Remarkable Life
The Environment of the New Testament: Religions in the Greco-Roman World
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 3.3 The Roman Empire
At a Glance: Box 3.6 The World of Early Christianity
Take a Stand
4. THE JEWISH CONTEXT OF JESUS AND HIS FOLLOWERS
Judaism as a Greco-Roman Religion
Political Crises in Palestine and Their Ramifications
The Formation of Jewish Sects
At a Glance: Box 4.6 The Jewish World of Early Christianity
Take a Stand
5. THE TRADITIONS OF JESUS IN THEIR GRECO-ROMAN CONTEXT
Oral Traditions behind the Gospels
At A Glance: Box 5.3 The Traditions of Jesus
Excursus: Some Additional Reflections: The Authors of the Gospels
Take a Stand
6. THE CHRISTIAN GOSPELS: A LITERARY AND HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION
The Question of Genre
Biography as a Greco-Roman Genre
The Gospels as Ancient Biographies
At A Glance: Box 6.2 The Christian Gospels
Take a Stand
7. JESUS, THE SUFFERING SON OF GOD: THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO MARK
The Beginning of the Gospel: Jesus the Messiah, the Son of God Who Fulfills Scripture
Jesus the Authoritative Son of God
Jesus the Opposed Son of God
Jesus the Misunderstood Son of God
Jesus the Acknowledged Son of God
Jesus the Suffering Son of God
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 7.6 Son of God and Son of Man
Jesus the Crucified Son of God
Jesus the Vindicated Son of God
Conclusion: Mark and His Readers
At A Glance: Box 7.8 The Gospel of Mark
Take a Stand
8. THE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR INTERPRETATION
Methods for Studying the Gospels
The Synoptic Problem
The Methodological Significance of the Four-Source Hypothesis
At a Glance: Box 8.3 The Synoptic Problem
Take a Stand
9. JESUS, THE JEWISH MESSIAH: THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO MATTHEW
The Importance of Beginnings: Jesus the Jewish Messiah in Fulfillment of the Jewish Scriptures
Jesus and His Forerunner from Matthew's Perspective
The Portrayal of Jesus in Matthew: The Sermon on the Mount as a Springboard
Jesus and the Jewish Cultic Practices Prescribed by the Law
Jesus Rejected by the Jewish Leaders
Matthew and His Readers
At A Glance: Box 9.6 Matthew
Take a Stand
10. JESUS, THE SAVIOR OF THE WORLD: THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO LUKE
The Comparative Method and the Gospel of Luke
A Comparative Overview of the Gospel
The Preface to Luke's Gospel
Luke's Birth Narrative in Comparative Perspective
From Jew to Gentile: Luke's Portrayal of Jesus the Rejected Prophet
Luke's Distinctive Emphases throughout His Gospel
Conclusion: Luke in Comparative Perspective
At A Glance: Box 10.7 Luke
Take a Stand
11. LUKE'S SECOND VOLUME: THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES
The Genre of Acts and Its Significance
The Thematic Approach to Acts
From Gospel to Acts: The Opening Transition
Themes in the Speeches in Acts
At A Glance: Box 11.7 The Book of Acts
Excursus: The Author of Luke--Acts and His Audience
Conclusion: The Author and His Themes in Context
Take a Stand
12. JESUS, THE MAN SENT FROM HEAVEN: THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO JOHN
The Gospel of John from a Literary-Historical Perspective
The Gospel of John from a Thematic Perspective
The Gospel of John from a Comparative Perspective
The Gospel of John from a Redactional Perspective
The Socio-Historical Method
The Gospel of John from a Socio-Historical Perspective
The Author of the Fourth Gospel
At A Glance: Box 12.7 The Gospel of John
Take a Stand
13. FROM JOHN'S JESUS TO THE GNOSTIC CHRIST: THE JOHANNINE EPISTLES AND BEYOND
The Questions of Genre and Author
The New Testament Epistolary Literature and the Contextual Method
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.2 The Gospel and Epistles of John: Some Thematic Similarities
The Johannine Epistles from a Contextual Perspective
At a Glance: Box 13.3 Methods for Studying the New Testament
Reflections on the Contextual Method
At a Glance: Box 13.5 The Johannine Epistles
Beyond the Johannine Community: The Rise of Christian Gnosticism
Gnostics and the Johannine Community
At a Glance: Box 13.8 Gnosticism
Take a Stand
14. JESUS FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES: OTHER GOSPELS IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY
Narrative Gospels
Sayings Gospels
Infancy Gospels
Passion Gospels
Conclusion: The Other Gospels
At a Glance: Box 14.5 The Other Gospels
Take a Stand
15. THE HISTORICAL JESUS: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND METHODS
Problems with Sources
Non-Christian Sources
Christian Sources
Using Our Sources: Some of the Basic Rules of Thumb
Specific Criteria and Their Rationale
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 15.4 Judas and the Roasting Chicken
Conclusion: Reconstructing the Life of Jesus
At A Glance: Box 15.5 The Sources for the Historical Jesus
Take a Stand
16. EXCURSUS: THE HISTORIAN AND THE PROBLEM OF MIRACLE
Miracles in the Modern World and in Antiquity
The Historian and Historical Method
At a Glance: Box 16.1 The Problem of Miracles
Take a Stand
17. JESUS IN CONTEXT
Popular Modes of Resistance to Oppression
An Ideology of Resistance
At A Glance: Box 17.2 First-Century Palestinian Judaism
Jesus in His Apocalyptic Context
At a Glance: Box 17.5 Jesus as an Apocalyptic Prophet
Take a Stand
18. JESUS, THE APOCALYPTIC PROPHET
The Apocalyptic Deeds of Jesus
The Apocalyptic Teachings of Jesus
The Apocalyptic Death of Jesus
At a Glance: Box 18.10 Jesus the Apocalyptic Prophet
Take a Stand
19. FROM JESUS TO THE GOSPELS
The Beginning of Christianity
Jesus' Resurrection from an Apocalyptic Perspective
Jesus' Death, according to the Scriptures
The Emergence of Different Understandings of Jesus
At A Glance: Box 19.4 From Jesus to the Gospels
Take a Stand
20. PAUL THE APOSTLE: THE MAN AND HIS MISSION
The Study of Paul: Methodological Difficulties
The Life of Paul
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 20.3 What Did Paul Look Like?
At a Glance: Box 20.5 Paul and His Mission
Take a Stand
21. PAUL AND HIS APOSTOLIC MISSION: 1 THESSALONIANS AS A TEST CASE
The Founding of the Church in Thessalonica
The Beginnings of the Thessalonian Church: A Socio-Historical Perspective
The Church at Thessalonica after Paul's Departure
Conclusion: Paul the Apostle
At a Glance: Box 21.4 1 Thessalonians
Take a Stand
22. PAUL AND THE CRISES OF HIS CHURCHES: 1 AND 2 CORINTHIANS, GALATIANS, PHILIPPIANS, AND PHILEMON
1 Corinthians
At A Glance: Box 22.2 1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
At A Glance: Box 22.4 2 Corinthians
Galatians
At A Glance: Box 22.8 Galatians
Philippians
At A Glance: Box 22.11 Philippians
Philemon
At a Glance: Box 22.12 Philemon
Take a Stand
23. THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO PAUL: THE LETTER TO THE ROMANS
The Occasion and Purpose of the Letter
The Theme of the Epistle
Pauline Models for Salvation
The Flow of Paul's Argument
Conclusion: Paul and the Romans
At A Glance: Box 23.6 Romans
Take a Stand
24. DOES THE TRADITION MISCARRY? PAUL IN RELATION TO JESUS, JAMES, THECLA, AND THEUDAS
Paul in Relation to What Came Before
Paul in Relation to What Came After
Conclusion: Pauline Christianities
At A Glance: Box 24.3 Paul in Relation to What Came Before and After
Take a Stand
25. IN THE WAKE OF THE APOSTLE: THE DEUTERO-PAULINE AND PASTORAL EPISTLES
Pseudonymity in the Ancient World
The Deutero-Pauline Epistles
At a Glance: Box 25.5 The Deutero-Pauline Epistles
The Pastoral Epistles
The Historical Situation and Authorship of the Pastoral Epistles
Conclusion: The Post-Pauline Pastoral Epistles
At a Glance: Box 25.7 The Pastoral Epistles
Take a Stand
26. FROM PAUL'S FEMALE COLLEAGUES TO THE PASTOR'S INTIMIDATED WOMEN: THE OPPRESSION OF WOMEN IN EARLY CHRISTIANITY
Women in Paul's Churches
Women Associated with Jesus
Paul's Understanding of Women in the Church
Women in the Aftermath of Paul
Ancient Ideologies of Gender
Gender Ideology and the Pauline Churches
At A Glance: Box 26.4 Women in Early Christianity
Take a Stand
27. CHRISTIANS AND JEWS: HEBREWS, BARNABAS, AND LATER ANTI-JEWISH LITERATURE
Early Christian Self-Definition
Continuity and Superiority: The Epistle to the Hebrews
At a Glance: Box 27.3 Hebrews
Discontinuity and Supremacy: The Epistle of Barnabas
At a Glance: Box 27.6 The Epistle of Barnabas
Conclusion: The Rise of Christian Anti-Judaism
Take a Stand
28. CHRISTIANS AND PAGANS: 1 PETER, THE LETTERS OF IGNATIUS, THE MARTYRDOM OF POLYCARP, AND LATER APOLOGETIC LITERATURE
The Persecution of the Early Christians
Christians in a Hostile World: The Letter of 1 Peter
At a Glance: Box 28.3 1 Peter
Christians Sentenced to Death: The Letters of Ignatius
At a Glance: Box 28.5 The Letters of Ignatius
Christians before the Tribunal: The Martyrdom of Polycarp
At a Glance: Box 28.6 The Martyrdom of Polycarp
Christians on the Defensive: The Later Apologetic Literature
Take a Stand
29. CHRISTIANS AND CHRISTIANS: JAMES, THE DIDACHE, POLYCARP, 1 CLEMENT, JUDE, AND 2 PETER
The Epistle of James
The Didache
Polycarp's Letter to the Philippians
Jude
2 Peter
Conclusion: Conflicts within the Early Christian Communities
At a Glance: Box 29.5 Christian Internal Conflicts
Take a Stand
30. CHRISTIANS AND THE COSMOS: THE REVELATION OF JOHN, THE SHEPHERD OF HERMAS, AND THE APOCALYPSE OF PETER
Introduction: The End of the World and the Revelation of John
The Content and Structure of the Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation from a Historical Perspective
Apocalyptic Worldviews and Apocalypse Genre
The Revelation of John in Historical Context
At a Glance: Box 30.5 The Book of Revelation
The Shepherd of Hermas
The Apocalypse of Peter
Take a Stand
Glossary of Terms
Index
BOXES
CHAPTER 1.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 1.1 The Canon of Scripture
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 1.2 The Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 1.3 The Common Era and Before the Common Era
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 1.4 The Layout of the New Testament
At a Glance: Box 1.5 The New Testament Canon
CHAPTER 2.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 2.1 30,000 Variant Readings?!
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 2.2 The Abrupt Ending of the Gospel of Mark
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 2.3 Citing Chapter and Verse
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 2.4 Jesus and the Woman Taken in Adultery
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 2.5 Is the Doctrine of the Trinity Explicitly Taught in the New Testament?
At a Glance: Box 2.6 The Text of the New Testament
CHAPTER 3.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 3.1 Pagan and Gentile
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 3.2 The Greco-Roman World
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 3.3 The Roman Empire
What Do You Think?: Box 3.4 Divine Rulers as Savior Gods
What Do You Think?: Box 3.5 Christianity as a Mystery Cult
At a Glance: Box 3.6 The World of Early Christianity
CHAPTER 4.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 4.1 The Septuagint: The Hebrew Bible in Greek
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 4.2 Flavius Josephus
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 4.3 Divine Revelation in the Dead Sea Scrolls
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 4.4 Women in the Synagogues
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 4.5 Other Jewish Miracle-Working Sons of God
At a Glance: Box 4.6 The Jewish World of Early Christianity
CHAPTER 5.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 5.1 Orality and Literacy in the Ancient World
What Do You Think?: Box 5.2 Mark and John on the Time of Jesus' Death
At A Glance: Box 5.3 The Traditions of Jesus
CHAPTER 6.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 6.1 Plutarch on Biography
At A Glance: Box 6.2 The Christian Gospels
CHAPTER 7.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 7.1 The Jewish Messiah
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 7.2 Jewish Scribes, Herodians, and Chief Priests
What Do You Think?: Box 7.3 Jesus' Opponents in Mark
What Do You Think?: Box 7.4 Jesus the Angry Healer
What Do You Think?: Box 7.5 The Messianic Secret in Mark
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 7.6 Son of God and Son of Man
What Do You Think?: Box 7.7 The Charge of Blasphemy according to Mark
At A Glance: Box 7.8 The Gospel of Mark
CHAPTER 8.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 8.1 Ironing Out the Problems: One Potential Difficulty in Mark's Account
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 8.2 The Contents of Q
At a Glance: Box 8.3 The Synoptic Problem
CHAPTER 9.
What Do You Think?: Box 9.1 Matthew's Scheme of Fourteen
What Do You Think?: Box 9.2 The Women in Matthew's Genealogy
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 9.3 The Golden Rule
What Do You Think?: Box 9.4 Gentiles in Matthew's Community
What Do You Think?: Box 9.5 Was Matthew a Jew?
At A Glance: Box 9.6 Matthew
CHAPTER 10.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 10.1 Apologetic Literature in Early Christianity
What Do You Think?: Box 10.2 Historical Problems with Luke's Birth Narrative
What Do You Think?: Box 10.3 The Virginal Conception in Matthew and Luke
What Do You Think?: Box 10.4 Jesus' Bloody Sweat in Luke
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 10.5 Jesus as a Righteous Martyr
What Do You Think?: Box 10.6 The Institution of the Lord's Supper in Luke
At A Glance: Box 10.7 Luke
CHAPTER 11.
What Do You Think: Box 11.1 The Book of Acts: An Ancient Novel?
What Do You Think? Box 11.2 Luke's Mysterious Two Men
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 11.3 Luke's Artistry as a Storyteller 1
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 11.4 Luke's Artistry as a Storyteller 2
What Do You Think? Box 11.5 The Death of Judas
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 11.6 Christianity before Paul
At A Glance: Box 11.7 The Book of Acts
CHAPTER 12.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 12.1 Jesus' Signs in the Fourth Gospel
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 12.2 "The Jews" in the Fourth Gospel
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 12.3 Jesus and the "I Am" Sayings in John
What Do You Think?: Box 12.4 The Death of the Beloved Disciple in the Johannine Community
What Do You Think?: Box 12.5 John's De-Apocalypticized Gospel
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 12.6 Did the Early Christians Think That Jesus was God?
At A Glance: Box 12.7 The Gospel of John
CHAPTER 13.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.1 A Letter from Greco-Roman Egypt
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.2 The Gospel and Epistles of John: Some Thematic Similarities
At a Glance: Box 13.3 Methods for Studying the New Testament
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.4 House Churches in Early Christianity
At a Glance: Box 13.5 The Johannine Epistles
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.6 How Do You Know a Gnostic When You See One?
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 13.7 Gnostics and the Jewish Scriptures
At a Glance: Box 13.8 Gnosticism
CHAPTER 14.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 14.1 The Gospel of the Ebionites and Early Gospel Harmonies
What Do You Think?: Box 14.2 Judas Thomas as Jesus' Twin Brother
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 14.3 The Older Sayings of the Gospel of Thomas
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 14.4 The Laughing Jesus
At a Glance: Box 14.5 The Other Gospels
CHAPTER 15.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 15.1 Christianity as a Superstition in the Roman World
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 15.2 The Testimony of Flavius Josephus
What Do You Think?: Box 15.3 Aramaisms as a Criterion of Authenticity
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 15.4 Judas and the Roasting Chicken
At A Glance: Box 15.5 The Sources for the Historical Jesus
CHAPTER 16.
At a Glance: Box 16.1 The Problem of Miracles
CHAPTER 17.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 17.1 Prophecy and Apocalypticism
At A Glance: Box 17.2 First-Century Palestinian Judaism
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 17.3 O Little Town of Nazareth
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 17.4 Jesus of Sepphoris?
At a Glance: Box 17.5 Jesus as an Apocalyptic Prophet
CHAPTER 18.
What Do You Think?: Box 18.1 Explaining Away the Apocalyptic Traditions: Seeking the Lost
What Do You Think?: Box 18.2 Explaining Away the Apocalyptic Traditions: Getting a Date
What Do You Think?: Box 18.3 Was Jesus a Cynic Philosopher?
What Do You Think?: Box 18.4 The Temple Incident as an Enacted Parable
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 18.5 Another Apocalyptic Jesus
What Do You Think?: Box 18.6 Was Jesus Married with Children?
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 18.7 The Cosmic Deliverer of Israel
What Do You Think?: Box 18.8 Jesus and "Family Values"
What Do You Think?: Box 18.9 Jesus and Judas, the Betrayer
At a Glance: Box 18.10 Jesus the Apocalyptic Prophet
CHAPTER 19.
What Do You Think?: Box 19.1 The Women and the Empty Tomb
What Do You Think?: Box 19.2 Jesus, the Messiah, and the Resurrection
What Do You Think?: Box 19.3 Vicarious Suffering in Jewish Martyrologies and Other Greco-Roman Literature
At A Glance: Box 19.4 From Jesus to the Gospels
CHAPTER 20.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 20.1 The Pauline Corpus
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 20.2 Other Sources for the Life of Paul
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 20.3 What Did Paul Look Like?
What Do You Think?: Box 20.4 Paul on the Road to Damascus
At a Glance: Box 20.5 Paul and His Mission
CHAPTER 21.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 21.1 Rules for a Private Association
What Do You Think?: Box 21.2 Christians Maligned as Perverts and Criminals
What Do You Think?: Box 21.3 The Thessalonians' Perplexity
At a Glance: Box 21.4 1 Thessalonians
CHAPTER 22.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 22.1 Possibilities of Existence in the Afterlife
At A Glance: Box 22.2 1 Corinthians
What Do You Think?: Box 22.3 The Partitioning of 2 Corinthians
At A Glance: Box 22.4 2 Corinthians
What Do You Think?: Box 22.5 The Logic of the Opponents' Position in Galatia
What Do You Think?: Box 22.6 Why Does Paul Appeal to the Law to Deny the Importance of the Law?
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 22.7 Just Say No: Paul's Gospel of Sexual Abstinence
At A Glance: Box 22.8 Galatians
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 22.9 The Christ Hymn of Philippians
What Do You Think?: Box 21.10 Was Paul Contemplating Suicide?
At A Glance: Box 22.11 Philippians
At a Glance: Box 22.12 Philemon
CHAPTER 23.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 23.1 The Beginnings of the Roman Church
What Do You Think?: Box 23.2 Paul's Gospel to the Romans
What Do You Think?: Box 23.3 Two Different Ways of Salvation in Paul?
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 23.4 Judicial and Participationist Models of Salvation in Paul
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 23.5 Other Models of Salvation in Paul
At A Glance: Box 23.6 Romans
CHAPTER 24.
What Do You Think?: Box 24.1 Jesus and Paul: Some of the Similarities
What Do You Think?: Box 24.2 Jesus and Paul: Some of the Differences
At A Glance: Box 24.3 Paul in Relation to What Came Before and After
CHAPTER 25.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 25.1 Paul's Third Letter to the Corinthians
What Do You Think?: Box 25.2 The Resurrection of Believers in Paul and Colossians
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 25.3 The "Household Rules" in Colossians and Ephesians
What Do You Think?: Box 25.4 The Vocabulary of Salvation in Paul and Ephesians
At a Glance: Box 25.5 The Deutero-Pauline Epistles
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 25.6 Church Hierarchy in Ignatius
At a Glance: Box 25.7 The Pastoral Epistles
CHAPTER 26.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 26.1 Mary Magdalene
What Do You Think?: Box 26.2 Similarities between 1 Tim 2:11-15 and 1 Cor 14:34-35
What Do You Think?: Box 26.3 Women in the Manuscript Tradition of the New Testament
At A Glance: Box 26.4 Women in Early Christianity
CHAPTER 27.
What Do You Think?: Box 27.1 Early and Diverging Views of Christians and Jews
What Do You Think?: Box 27.2 Divergent Views of Christ in Hebrews
At a Glance: Box 27.3 Hebrews
What Do You Think?: Box 27.4 Six Thousand Years and Counting
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 27.5 Gematria in Early Christianity
At a Glance: Box 27.6 The Epistle of Barnabas
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 27.7 Melito's Passover Sermon
CHAPTER 28.
What Do You Think?: Box 28.1 The Christian Disruption of the Family: The Case of Perpetua
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 28.2 The Spread of Christianity
At a Glance: Box 28.3 1 Peter
What Do You Think?: Box 28.4 An Alternative View of Christian Martyrdom
At a Glance: Box 28.5 The Letters of Ignatius
At a Glance: Box 28.6 The Martyrdom of Polycarp
CHAPTER 29.
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 29.1 The Development of the Lord's Prayer
What Do You Think?: Box 29.2 Polycarp and the Early Christian Tradition
What Do You Think?: Box 29.3 Birds Raised from the Dead and Other Problems in the Corinthian Church
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 29.4 Peter, the Smoked Tuna, and the Flying Heretic
At a Glance: Box 29.5 Christian Internal Conflicts
CHAPTER 30
What Do You Think?: Box 30.1 The Book of Revelation as Underground Literature
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 30.2 The Author of Revelation in the Early Church
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 30.3 An Ancient Copyright Curse
What Do You Think?: Box 30.4 Futuristic Interpretations of the Book of Revelation
At a Glance: Box 30.5 The Book of Revelation
Another Glimpse into the Past: Box 30.6 The Shepherd of Hermas and the Muratorian Canon