Nineteenth Century European Art

by Chu, Petra ten-Doesschate

• ISBN13: 9780131886438
• ISBN10: 0131886436
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

This survey explores the history of nineteenth-century European art and visual culture. Focusing primarily on painting and sculpture, it places these two art forms within the larger context of visual cultureincluding photography, graphic design, architecture, and decorative arts. In turn, all are treated within a broad historical framework to show the connections between visual cultural production and the political, social, and economic order of the time.Topics covered include The Classical Paradigm, Art and Revolutionary Propaganda In France, The Arts under Napoleon and Francisco Goya and Spanish Art at the Turn of the Eighteenth Century.For art enthusiasts, or anyone who wants to learn more about Art History.

Table of Contents

Preface	12	(1)
Introduction	13	(6)
Rococo, Enlightenment, and the Call for a New Art in the Mid-Eighteenth Century	19	(24)
Louis XV and the Emergence of the Rococo Interior	19	(3)
Rococo Decoration: Paintings, Sculptures, and Porcelains	22	(2)
The Enlightenment	24	(2)
The Rococo outside France	26	(3)
Portrait Painting in Britain	29	(2)
The Eighteenth-Century Artist: Between Patronage and the Art Market	31	(2)
The Education of the Artist and the Academy	33	(1)
Academy Exhibitions	34	(1)
Salon Critics and the Call for a New Art in France	34	(2)
Count d'Angiviller and the Promotion of Virtuous Art	36	(5)
Reynolds and the Call for a New Art in Britain	41	(2)
The Classical Paradigm	43	(30)
Winckelmann and Reflections on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture	43	(1)
Classical Art and Idealism	44	(1)
Contour	45	(1)
Archaeology and the Discovery of Pompei and Herculaneum	46	(1)
Winckelmann's History of Ancient Art	47	(1)
Greece and Rome	48	(2)
The Beginnings of Neoclassicism	50	(6)
David	56	(4)
Sculpture	60	(1)
Canova	61	(4)
John Flaxman	65	(2)
The Industrial Revolution and the Popularization of Neoclassicism	67	(2)
The Neoclassical Home	69	(4)
British Art during the Late Georgian Period	73	(22)
The Sublime	73	(2)
The Lure of the Middle Ages	75	(1)
Horace Walpole, William Beckford, and the Taste for the ``Gothick'' in Architecture	75	(2)
The Sublime and the Gothick in Painting: Benjamin West	77	(2)
Boydell's Shakespeare Gallery	79	(1)
Henry Fuseli	80	(3)
William Blake	83	(5)
Contemporary Heroes and Historical Context	88	(2)
The Grand Manner and Bourgeois Portraits	90	(5)
Art and Revolutionary Propaganda in France	95	(16)
Marie Antionette, Before and After	96	(2)
David's Brutus	98	(1)
Commemorating the Heroes and Martyrs of the Revolution	99	(4)
Creating a Revolutionary Iconography	103	(1)
Pierre-Paul Prud'hon	104	(1)
Quatremere de Quincy, the Pantheon, and the Absent Republican Monument	105	(3)
Demolition as Propaganda	108	(3)
The Arts under Napoleon	111	(32)
The Rise of Napoleon	112	(1)
Vivant Denon and the Napoleon Museum	113	(1)
Napoleonic Public Monuments	114	(2)
Empire Style	116	(3)
The Imperial Image	119	(7)
Antoine-Jean Gros and the Napoleonic Epic	126	(2)
The School of David and the ``Crisis'' of the Male Nude	128	(5)
The Female Nude	133	(1)
The Transformation of Neoclassicism: New Subjects and Sensibilities	134	(1)
Historic Genre Painting and the So-Called Troubadour Style	135	(1)
The Lesser Genres: Portraiture and Landscape	135	(8)
Francisco Goya and Spanish Art at the Turn of the Eighteenth Century	143	(18)
Court Patronage under Carlos III: Tiepolo and Mengs	143	(3)
The Making of Francisco Goya	146	(4)
Goya as Court Painter	150	(2)
Goya's Prints	152	(2)
The Execution of the Rebels	154	(3)
Casa del Sordo	157	(1)
Spanish Art after Goya	157	(4)
The Beginnings of Romanticism in the German-Speaking World	161	(20)
The Romantic Movement	161	(2)
Early Nazarenes: Friedrich Overbeck and Franz Pforr	163	(3)
Later Nazarenes: Peter Cornelius and Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld	166	(3)
German Painting in Context	169	(1)
Philipp Otto Runge	169	(6)
Caspar David Friedrich	175	(6)
The Importance of Landscape---British Painting in the Early-Nineteenth Century	181	(22)
Nature Enthusiasm in Great Britain	181	(1)
The Picturesque	182	(3)
The Popularity of Watercolor: Amateurs and Professionals	185	(2)
Thomas Girtin, John Sell Cotman, and the Pictorial Possibilities of Watercolor	187	(4)
Joseph Mallord William Turner	191	(6)
John Constable	197	(6)
The Restoration Period and the Rejection of Classicism in France	203	(22)
Government Patronage and the Rejection of Classicism	203	(2)
The Academy	205	(1)
The Salons of the Restoration Period	206	(1)
Madame de Stael and the Introduction of Romantic Ideas into France	206	(1)
Stendhal	207	(1)
Orientalism	208	(1)
Horace Vernet	209	(1)
Theodore Gericault	209	(7)
Eugene Delacroix	216	(5)
Ingres and the Transformation of Classicism	221	(2)
Classicism and Romanticism	223	(2)
The Popularization of Art and Visual Culture in France during the July Monarchy (1830--1848)	225	(32)
Classicism, Romanticism, and the Juste-Milieu	226	(1)
Louis-Philippe and the Museum of the History of France	227	(2)
Monumentalizing Napoleon	229	(2)
The Revival of Religious Mural Painting	231	(1)
The Salon during the July Monarchy	232	(2)
Historical Genre and Orientalist Painting	234	(3)
Landscape Painting: Corot and the Historical Landscape Tradition	237	(1)
Landscape: The Picturesque Tradition	238	(2)
Landscape Painting: The Barbizon School and Naturalism	240	(2)
Portraiture	242	(3)
Sculpture in the Salon	245	(1)
The Explosion of the Press and the Rise of Popular Culture	246	(1)
Honore Daumier	247	(5)
Gavarni and Grandville	252	(1)
Louis Daguerre and the Beginnings of Photography in France	253	(4)
The Revolution of 1848 and the Emergence of Realism in France	257	(12)
The Salons of the Second Republic	258	(1)
The Origins of Realism	258	(2)
Gustave Courbet's A Burial at Ornans	260	(2)
Courbet, Millet, and an Art of Social Consciousness	262	(2)
Daumier and the Urban Working Class	264	(3)
Realism	267	(2)
Progress, Modernity, and Modernism---French Visual Culture during the Second Empire, 1852--1870	269	(36)
Napoleon III and the ``Hausmannization'' of Paris	271	(1)
The Opera and Mid-Nineteenth-Century Sculpture	272	(5)
Salons and Other Exhibitions during the Second Empire	277	(1)
Popular Trends at the Second Empire Salons	277	(2)
History through a Magnifying Glass: Meissonier and Gerome	279	(2)
Second Empire Orientalism---Gerome, Formentin, Du Camp, Cordier	281	(4)
The Nude	285	(1)
Landscape and Animal Painting: Courbet and Bonheur	285	(4)
Second Empire Peasant Painting: Millet and Jules Breton	289	(2)
Baudelaire and ``The Painter of Modern Life''	291	(2)
Courbet, Manet, and the Beginnings of Modernism	293	(7)
Photography	300	(1)
New Roles for Photography	301	(4)
Art in the German-Speaking World from the Congress of Vienna to the German Empire, 1815--1871	305	(18)
Biedermeier Culture	305	(1)
Biedermeier Conversation Pieces	306	(2)
Urban Scenes and Landscapes	308	(2)
Biedermeier Portraiture	310	(2)
German Fairy Painting	312	(1)
German Academies	312	(1)
Academic History Painting	313	(1)
Adolph Menzel	314	(4)
Realism and Idealism: Diverging Trends in the Early 1870s	318	(5)
Art in Victorian Britain, 1837--1901	323	(30)
Social and Economic Conditions during the Victorian Age	324	(1)
The Victorian Art Scene	325	(1)
Painting during the Early Victorian Period: Anecdotal Scenes	326	(3)
Fairy Painting: Paton and Dadd	329	(2)
Early Victorian Landscape and Animal Painting: Martin and Landseer	331	(2)
Early Victorian Portraiture and the New Photographic Medium	333	(1)
Government Patronage and the Houses of Parliament	334	(3)
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood	337	(3)
The Pre-Raphaelites and Secular Subject Matter	340	(3)
Genre Painting and Photography in the Mid-Victorian Period	343	(1)
From Pre-Raphaelitism to the Aesthetic Movement	344	(5)
The Royal Academy	349	(4)
National Pride and International Rivalry---the Great International Expositions	353	(20)
Origins of the International Expositions	353	(1)
The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations	354	(1)
The Crystal Palace: A Revolution in Architecture	354	(2)
The Great Exhibition and the Design Crisis in Britain	356	(1)
New Attitudes toward Design: Owen Jones and John Ruskin	357	(1)
The International Exhibition in London, 1862	358	(2)
The Japanese Court at the Exhibition of 1862	360	(1)
The Universal Exposition of 1855 in Paris	361	(3)
The International Art Exposition	364	(1)
The French Show	364	(1)
Courbet's Private Pavilion	364	(2)
Foreign Artists at the International Exposition of 1855	366	(2)
The Paris Universal Exposition of 1867	368	(1)
The Fine Arts Exhibition of 1867	369	(1)
The Japanese Pavilion	370	(1)
The Importance of the International Exhibitions of the 1850s and 1860s	371	(2)
French Art after the Commune---Conservative and Modernist Trends	373	(38)
The Commune and Early Photo-Journalism in Europe	373	(2)
Republican Monuments	375	(3)
Mural Painting during the Third Republic	378	(3)
The Third Republic and the Demise of the State-Sponsored Salon	381	(1)
Academic and Realist Art at the Salons of 1873--90	382	(2)
Naturalism at the Salons of 1870--90	384	(3)
Manet at the Salons of the 1870s and 1880s	387	(2)
Salon Alternatives	389	(1)
Origin and Definition of the Term ``Impressionism''	389	(1)
Claude Monet and the Impressionist Landscape	390	(2)
Other Impressionist Landscape Painters: Pissarro and Sisley	392	(1)
Monet's Early Painting Series	392	(3)
Impressionist Figure Painting	395	(4)
Impressionism and the Urban Scene: Edgar Degas	399	(4)
Impressionists and the Urban Scene: Caillebotte	403	(4)
Women at the Impressionist Exhibitions	407	(2)
Impressionism and Modern Vision	409	(2)
French Avant-Garde Art in the 1880s	411	(30)
Georges Seurat and Neo-Impressionism	411	(6)
Neo-Impressionism and Utopianism: Signac and Pissarro	417	(2)
The ``Crisis'' in Impressionism	419	(1)
Monet and the Later Series Paintings	420	(1)
Degas in the 1880s	421	(3)
Renoir in the 1880s	424	(1)
Paul Cezanne	425	(7)
Vincent van Gogh	432	(6)
Post-Impressionism	438	(3)
When the Eiffel Tower Was New	441	(22)
The Eiffel Tower	441	(2)
The Gallery of Machines	443	(1)
The History of Habitation Pavilions	443	(1)
Colonial Exhibits	443	(4)
The Fine Arts on Exhibit	447	(1)
The Triumph of Naturalism	447	(2)
Nordic Naturalism: Nationalism and Naturism	449	(4)
Naturalism in Germany: Max Liebermann and Fritz von Uhde	453	(2)
Naturalism in Belgium	455	(1)
Jozef Israels and the Hague School in the Netherlands	456	(1)
Russian Painting	457	(4)
The 1889 Exposition in Review	461	(2)
France during La Belle Epoque	463	(36)
Transport of Soul and Body: Sacre Coeur and the Metro	465	(2)
Art Nouveau, Siegfried Bing, and the Concept of Decoration	467	(1)
The Sources of Art Nouveau	467	(4)
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec and the Art Nouveau Poster	471	(2)
Toulouse-Lautrec, the Painter	473	(1)
Paul Gauguin and Emile Breton: Cloisonnism and Synthetism	474	(3)
Paul Gauguin: The Passion for Non-Western Culture	477	(6)
Symbolism	483	(1)
Symbolism and Romanticism: Gustave Moreau and Odilon Redon	483	(4)
Symbolist Cult Groups: Rosicrucians and Nabis	487	(3)
Fin de Siecle Sculpture	490	(6)
Camille Claudel	496	(3)
International Trends c. 1920	499	(29)
New Art outside France	499	(1)
Art Nouveau in Belgium	500	(2)
Antoni Gaudi and Spanish Modernisme	502	(3)
Art Nouveau in Glasgow	505	(1)
Art Nouveau and Symbolism	505	(2)
Salons of the Rose + Croix	507	(2)
Les XX or ``The Group of Twenty''	509	(1)
The Vienna Secession	510	(2)
Gustav Klimt	512	(4)
Ferdinand Hodler	516	(2)
The Berlin Secession	518	(1)
Edvard Munch	519	(3)
The Paris International Exposition of 1900	522	(6)
Timeline	528	(4)
Glossary	532	(3)
Bibliography	535	(14)
Picture Credits	549	(1)
Index	550