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Parul Bhargava, MD, is Medical Director in the Hematology Laboratory at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center-Needham Campus in Boston, and a staff and faculty physician in the Pathology department there. Her primary research interests are in studying hematopoietic neoplasms and newer markers in Hodgkin Lymphoma, but she also has a strong, separate clinical interest in studying the effects of immunodeficiency and infections, particularly HIV, on the hematopoietic system.
Ramon L. Sandin, MD, MS, FCAP, ABP-MM, is a Clinical Pathologist and Medical Director of Clinical Microbiology and Virology in the Department of Hematopathology, Laboratory Medicine, and in the Blood and Marrow Transplant Program at the Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Florida 33612-9497. His special areas of expertise and research interests are in clinical microbiology and virology, and laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases. This includes 'wet' laboratory work-ups and tissue section diagnosis as well as molecular diagnostic techniques.
Contributors | p. xix |
Foreword | p. xxiii |
Preface | p. xxv |
Acknowledgments | p. xxvii |
Introduction | p. xxix |
Non-neoplastic Hematology | p. 1 |
Non-neoplastic Disorders of White Blood Cells | p. 3 |
Overview of WBC Production and Function | p. 3 |
Quantitative Disorders of WBCS | p. 6 |
Qualitative Disorders of WBCS | p. 21 |
References | p. 26 |
Non-neoplastic Disorders of Platelets | p. 31 |
Platelet Production Structure and Function | p. 31 |
Quantitative Disorders of Platelets | p. 33 |
Qualitative Disorders of Platelets | p. 39 |
References | p. 43 |
Approach to Disorders of Red Blood Cells | p. 45 |
Introduction | p. 45 |
The Anemias | p. 45 |
The Approach to Anemia | p. 50 |
The Polycythemias | p. 63 |
References | p. 63 |
Microcytic, Normocytic, and Macrocytic | |
Anemias | p. 65 |
Microcytic Anemias | p. 65 |
Normocytic Anemias | p. 74 |
Macrocytic Anemias | p. 81 |
References | p. 86 |
Disorders of Hemoglobin | p. 89 |
Overview | p. 89 |
Quantitative Disorders of Hemoglobin | p. 89 |
Qualitative Disorders of Hemoglobin | p. 97 |
Mixed-Quantitative Qualitative Disorders of Hemoglobin | p. 104 |
Double Heterozygous States | p. 105 |
Approach to Diagnosis of Hemoglobin Disorders | p. 106 |
References | p. 111 |
Infectious Aspects of Hematology | p. 113 |
Apicomplexal Parasites of Peripheral Blood, Bone Marrow, and Spleen: The Genera Plasmodium, Babesia, and Toxoplasma | p. 115 |
Plasmodium | p. 115 |
Babesia | p. 125 |
Toxoplasma | p. 128 |
References | p. 134 |
Blood and Tissue Flagellates of the Class Kinetoplastidea: The Genera Leishmania and Trypanosoma | p. 139 |
Leishmaniasis | p. 139 |
Chagas' Disease | p. 145 |
African Trypanosomiasis | p. 150 |
References | p. 155 |
Proteobacteria and Rickettsial Agents: Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis and Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis | p. 159 |
Microbiology and Epidemiology of HGA and HME | p. 159 |
Clinical Syndromes | p. 160 |
Differential Diagnosis | p. 160 |
Diagnostic Approach | p. 161 |
Prevention and Treatment | p. 163 |
References | p. 163 |
Clinically Significant Fungal Yeasts | p. 165 |
Introduction | p. 165 |
Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (H. capsulatum) | p. 166 |
Blastomyces dermatitidis | p. 170 |
Coccidioides immitis | p. 174 |
Cryptococcus neoformans | p. 178 |
Candida albicans and other Candida Species | p. 183 |
Malassezia furfur | p. 188 |
References | p. 193 |
Hematologic Aspects of Tropical Infections | p. 195 |
Anemia in Tropical Infections | p. 195 |
Vascular Purpuras | p. 202 |
References | p. 203 |
Non-neoplastic Lymph Node Pathology and Infections | p. 205 |
Classification of Reactive Lymphadenopathy | p. 207 |
Introduction | p. 207 |
References | p. 229 |
Lymph Node Biology, Markers and Disease | p. 231 |
Peripheral Lymphoid Tissue | p. 231 |
Pathophysiology | p. 231 |
Cortex | p. 232 |
Paracortex | p. 240 |
Sinus Histiocytes | p. 242 |
Epithelioid Histiocytes and Granulomas | p. 243 |
Nodal Framework | p. 243 |
References | p. 246 |
Lymphadenopathy with Predominant | |
Follicular Patterns | p. 249 |
Germinal Center Hyperplasia | p. 249 |
Regressive Transformation of Germinal Center (Atrophic) Pattern | p. 256 |
Progressive Transformation of Germinal Center Pattern | p. 267 |
Marginal Zone Hyperplasia and Mantle Cell Hyperplasia | p. 273 |
Reactive Follicular Pattern, Mixed with Other Patterns, Specific Entities | p. 276 |
Mixed Pattern with Follicular Hyperplasia, Microgranulomas, Monocytoid Hyperplasia | p. 278 |
Follicular Hyperplasia with Capsular Fibrosis and Plasmacytosis-Syphilis | p. 282 |
References | p. 284 |
Reactive Lymphadenopathy with Paracortical Pattern, Noninfectious Etiology | p. 291 |
Paracortical Hyperplasia | p. 291 |
Dermatopathic Lymphadenopathy | p. 297 |
Reactive Immunoblastic Proliferation | p. 301 |
Postvaccinal Lymphadenitis | p. 307 |
Drug-Induced Lymphadenopathy | p. 309 |
Anticonvulsant (Phenytoin)-Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder | p. 309 |
Methotrexate-Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder | p. 312 |
References | p. 315 |
Reactive Lymphadenopathy with Diffuse Paracortical Pattern-Infectious Etiology | p. 323 |
Introduction | p. 323 |
Infectious Mononucleosis Lymphadenitis | p. 323 |
Cytomegalovirus Lymphadenitis | p. 329 |
Herpes Simplex Virus Lymphadenitis | p. 333 |
Varicella Zoster Lymphadenitis | p. 337 |
References | p. 340 |
Reactive Lymphadenopathy with Sinus Pattern | p. 347 |
Sinuses and Vascular Supply | p. 347 |
Sinus Histiocytosis, Nonspecific | p. 347 |
Signet Ring Histiocytosis | p. 354 |
Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy (or Rosai-Dorfman Disease) | p. 355 |
Pigmented Sinus Histiocytic Pattern Secondary to Iron Overload from Hemochromatosis, Transfusion, or Hemolysis | p. 357 |
Histiocytic Reaction to Foreign Matter | p. 359 |
Sinus Pattern from Extramedullary Hematopoiesis | p. 361 |
Immature "Sinus Histiocytosis" or Monocytoid B-Cell Hyperplasia | p. 363 |
Reactive Hemophagocytic Syndromes | p. 365 |
Vascular Transformation of Sinuses (VTS) | p. 366 |
Whipple's Disease (WD) Lymphadenopathy | p. 368 |
References | p. 370 |
Mixed Lymph Node Patterns: Stromal and Histiocytic Reactions, NonInfectious | p. 375 |
Proteinaceous Lymphadenopathy Including Immunoglobulin Deposition Lymphadenopathy | p. 375 |
Lymph Node Fibrosis or Fibrotic Changes, Nonspecific | p. 377 |
Inflammatory Pseudotumor of Lymph Nodes | p. 379 |
Fatty Replacement or Fatty Changes, Nonspecific | p. 383 |
Tumor Reactive Granulomatas | p. 384 |
References | p. 386 |
Mixed Lymph Node Patterns: Including Granulomatous Lymphadenopathy, Noninfectious | p. 389 |
Mixed Pattern with Follicular Hyperplasia and Eosinophilia | p. 389 |
Mixed Nonnecrotizing ''Dry'' Granulomas | p. 396 |
Mixed Pattern with Hemorrhage and Infarction | p. 404 |
Mixed Necrotizing Pattern with No or Minimal Granulomas | p. 406 |
Necrotizing Nonsuppurative Granulomatas | p. 410 |
Necrotizing Suppurative Granulomatas | p. 413 |
Granulomatous Change within Germinal Centers | p. 415 |
Mixed Pattern with Plasmacytosis | p. 418 |
References | p. 420 |
Mixed Patterns in Lymph Node, Suppurative Necrotizing Granulomatous Infectious Lymphadenopathy | p. 427 |
Cat-Scratch Disease | p. 427 |
Tularemia | p. 431 |
Lymphogranuloma venereum | p. 433 |
Chancroid, H. ducreyi | p. 434 |
Yersinia enterocolitica/pseudotuberculosis Lymphadenitis | p. 435 |
Brucellosis | p. 437 |
Melioidosis | p. 439 |
Typhoid Lymphadenitis (Salmonella typhi) | p. 442 |
References | p. 444 |
Mixed Patterns: Emergent/Tropical Infections with Characterized Lymphadenopathy | p. 447 |
Mixed Pattern with Granulomatas and Diagnostic Microorganisms | p. 447 |
Lymphadenopathy Secondary to Localized Filariasis | p. 449 |
Schistosomiasis | p. 453 |
Leishmaniasis | p. 454 |
Mixed Pattern with Granulomas and Foamy Macrophages | p. 457 |
Mixed Pattern with Deposition of Interstitial Substance | p. 459 |
Mixed Pattern with Caseation Necrosis | p. 461 |
Mixed Pattern Atypical Mycobacterial Infections in AIDS | p. 463 |
Mixed Pattern with Angiomatoid Change | p. 467 |
Mixed Pattern with Spent Granulomas and Extracellular Organisms | p. 470 |
African Histoplamosis Secondary to H. capsulatum var duboisii | p. 474 |
References | p. 476 |
Cytopathology of Non-neoplastic and Infectious Lymphadenopathy | p. 481 |
Technical Components | p. 483 |
Approach to Cytomorphologic Evaluation of Lymph Nodes | p. 484 |
FNA Reporting Terminology | p. 485 |
Intraoperative Touch Preparation | p. 487 |
Reactive Lymphoid Hyperplasia | p. 487 |
Inflammatory and Infectious Causes of Lymphadenopathy | p. 488 |
Other Causes of Lymphadenopathy | p. 497 |
Lymphadenopathy in the Pediatric Patient | p. 504 |
Use of Ancillary Studies | p. 504 |
Molecular Studies | p. 506 |
References | p. 506 |
Mixed Patterns In Lymph Node: Tropical Infectious Lymphadenopathy and Hematopathology, Not Otherwise Characterized | p. 511 |
Introduction | p. 511 |
Hemorrhagic Lymphadenopathy | p. 511 |
Sinus Pattern | p. 517 |
Diffuse Pattern with Depletion and Atypical Immunoblastic Reaction | p. 525 |
Unusual Granulomas Q Fever | p. 531 |
References | p. 533 |
Non-neoplastic Findings in Bone Marrow Transplantation | p. 537 |
Non-neoplastic Hematopathology of Bone Marrow Transplant and Infections | p. 539 |
Introduction | p. 539 |
Fundamental Principles of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) | p. 539 |
Characteristics of Pretransplant Bone Marrow | p. 542 |
Hematopoietic Regeneration | p. 542 |
Chimerism | p. 543 |
Post-Transplantation Marrow | p. 543 |
Complications of Hematopoietic Regeneration | p. 547 |
Conclusion | p. 551 |
References | p. 552 |
Index | p. 559 |
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