Nursing Interventions and Clinical Skills

by Elkin, Martha Keene; Perry, Anne Griffin; Potter, Patricia Ann

• ISBN13: 9780323008020
• ISBN10: 032300802X
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-07-01
• Publisher: Elsevier Science Health Science div

Summary

This thoroughly revised and updated edition features a streamlined, visually-oriented approach to nursing skills. The full-color design, hundreds of photos and drawings, and clear writing style appeal to all levels of learners. This revision addresses expanding nursing roles and changes in practice, with the addition of higher level skills and increased coverage of care in the home, community, and long-term care settings. The unique approach of clustering similar and related skills makes learning easier for students. * Includes 166 basic, intermediate and advanced skills * Provides standard beginning and completion protocols for each skill to avoid repetition. * Combines similar and related skills, such as measuring temperature with different types of thermometers, to reflect the way they are commonly taught and performed. * Contains concise, clear two-column format which is easy to read and follow. * Features rationales for key steps to help students understand and remember why specific techniques are used. * Includes Nurse alerts to focus on safety issues or critical steps in the skill, and guide students in providing safe, effective care. * Includes glove logo to provide a visual reminder to use gloves for infection control practices. * Provides over 1,000 full color photographs and drawings showing how steps are performed. * Incorporates the 5-step nursing process to provide a logical, consistent format for presenting skills. * Contains Critical Thinking Exercises at end of each chapter to help students develop clinical decision-making abilities. (Includes a FREE MERLIN website with skills checklists at:www.harcourthealth.com/MERLIN/Elkin/)

Table of Contents

UNIT ONE Professional Nursing
Roles in Nursing Practice	2	(23)
Marty Elkin
Standard Protocols for All Interventions	9	(8)
Recording	17	(2)
Giving a Change-of-Shift Report	19	(2)
Writing an Incident Report	21	(4)
UNIT TWO Fundamental Concepts
Facilitating Communication	25	(22)
Jacqueline Raybuck
Establishing Therapeutic Communication	29	(3)
Comforting	32	(2)
Active Listening	34	(2)
Interviewing	36	(4)
Communicating with an Anxious Client	40	(2)
Verbally Deescalating a Potentially Violent Client	42	(2)
Client Teaching	44	(3)
Promoting Infection Control	47	(16)
Deborah Paul-Cheadle
Handwashing	50	(3)
Using Disposable Clean Gloves	53	(2)
Caring for Clients under Isolation Precautions	55	(5)
Special Tuberculosis Precautions	60	(3)
Basic Sterile Technique	63	(10)
Linette M. Sarti
Creating and Maintaining a Sterile Field	63	(6)
Sterile Gloving	69	(4)
Promoting a Safe Environment	73	(23)
Amy Lawn
Safety Equipment and Fall Prevention	76	(5)
Designing a Restraint-Free Environment	81	(4)
Applying Restraints	85	(6)
Seizure Precautions	91	(1)
Safety Measures for Radioactive Materials	92	(4)
UNIT THREE Activities of Daily Living
Promoting Activity and Mobility	96	(25)
Shiela A. Cunningham
Assisting with Moving and Positioning Clients in Bed	97	(9)
Minimizing Orthostatic Hypotension	106	(1)
Transferring from Bed to Chair	107	(5)
Using a Mechanical (Hoyer) Lift for Transfer from Bed to Chair	112	(3)
Transferring from Bed to Stretcher	115	(2)
Assisting Ambulation	117	(4)
Promoting Hygiene	121	(34)
Cynthia Maskey
Complete Bathing	123	(7)
Oral Care	130	(5)
Hair Care	135	(5)
Foot and Nail Care	140	(7)
Bedmaking	147	(8)
Promoting Nutrition	155	(12)
Marsha Evans Orr
Feeding Dependent Clients	156	(4)
Assisting Clients with Impaired Swallowing	160	(3)
Obtaining Body Weights	163	(4)
Assisting with Elimination	167	(23)
Melba J. Figgins
Monitoring Intake and Output	168	(5)
Providing a Bedpan and Urinal	173	(4)
Caring for Incontinent Clients	177	(4)
Applying an External Catheter	181	(4)
Administering an Enema	185	(5)
Promoting Comfort, Sleep, and Relaxation	190	(13)
Kathryn Tripp
Comfort Measures that Promote Sleep	191	(4)
Relaxation Techniques	195	(8)
Basic Infant Care	203	(19)
Sue Thacker
Thermoregulation Using a Radiant Warmer	204	(2)
Infant Feeding	206	(6)
Infant Bathing	212	(3)
Changing a Diaper	215	(3)
Swaddling and Use of a Mummy Restraint	218	(4)
UNIT FOUR Assessment Skills
Vital Signs	222	(33)
Susan Jane Fetzer
Assessing Temperature, Pulse, Respirations, and Blood Pressure	231	(11)
Tympanic Temperature	242	(3)
Electronic Blood Pressure Measurement	245	(4)
Measuring Oxygen Saturation with Pulse Oximetry	249	(6)
Shift Assessment	255	(25)
Marty Elkin
General Survey and Inspection of Integument	257	(5)
Auscultating Lung Sounds	262	(4)
Auscultating Apical Pulse	266	(3)
Assessing the Abdomen	269	(5)
Assessing Extremities and Peripheral Circulation	274	(6)
Comprehensive Health Assessment	280	(64)
Pamela Becker Weilitz
Assessing the Head, Face, and Neck	283	(5)
Assessing the Nose, Sinuses, and Mouth	288	(5)
Assessing the Eyes and Ears	293	(6)
Assessing the Thorax, Lungs, and Breasts	299	(10)
Assessing the Heart and Circulation	309	(8)
Assessing the Abdomen	317	(5)
Assessing the Genitalia and Rectum	322	(5)
Assessing Neurological Function	327	(12)
Assessing Musculoskeletal Function	339	(5)
Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests	344	(60)
Marilee Kuhrik
Nancy Kuhrik
Specimen Collection (Urine, Stool, Sputum, Cultures)	346	(14)
Blood Specimens (Venipuncture; Vacuum Tube; Blood Cultures)	360	(8)
Unit Specimen Testing (Glucose, Chemstrip/Multistix, Hemoccult, Gastroccult)	368	(8)
Contrast Media Studies (Arteriogram, Computed Tomography, Intravenous Pyleogram)	376	(4)
Nuclear Imaging Studies (Bone Scan, Brain Scan, Thyroid Scan)	380	(3)
Asisting with Diagnostic Studies (Aspirations [Bone Marrow, Lumbar Puncture, Paracentesis, Thoracentesis, Liver Biopsy], Bronchoscopy, Endoscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging)	383	(13)
Cardiac Studies (Electrocardiogram, Exercise Stress Test, Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography, Cardiac Nuclear Scanning, Cardiac Catheterization)	396	(8)
UNIT FIVE Administration of Medication
Preparation for Medication Administration	404	(16)
Marty Elkin
Non-Parenteral Medications	420	(27)
Marty Elkin
Administering Oral Medications	422	(7)
Applying Topical Medications	429	(4)
Instilling Eye and Ear Medications	433	(5)
Using Metered-Dose Inhalers	438	(4)
Inserting Rectal and Vaginal Medications	442	(5)
Administration of Injections	447	(28)
Patricia A. Potter
Subcutaneous Injections (Includes Insulin)	457	(7)
Intramuscular Injections	464	(5)
Intradermal Injections	469	(6)
UNIT SIX Perioperative Nursing Care
Preparing the Client for Surgery	475	(17)
Victoria Steelman
Preoperative Assessment	476	(4)
Preoperative Teaching	480	(5)
Physical Preparation	485	(7)
Intraoperative Techniques	492	(11)
Linette M. Sarti
Surgical Hand Scrub	493	(4)
Donning Sterile Gown and Closed Gloving	497	(6)
Caring for the Postoperative Client	503	(27)
Janet B. Fox-Moatz
Providing Immediate Postoperative Care in Postanesthesia Care Unit	506	(6)
Providing Comfort Measures During Phase II (Convalescent Phase)	512	(4)
Providing Surgical Wound Care	516	(4)
Monitoring and Measuring Drainage Devices	520	(14)
Removing Staples and Sutures (Including Applying SteriStrips)	534
Pain Management	530	(21)
Deborah Oldenburg Erickson
Nonpharmacological Pain Management	533	(4)
Pharmacological Pain Management	537	(2)
Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA)	539	(5)
Epidural Analgesia	544	(7)
Therapeutic Use of Heat and Cold	551	(14)
Susan Hauser Jeffers
Moist Heat	553	(3)
Dry Heat	556	(3)
Cold Compresses and Ice Bags	559	(6)
UNIT SEVEN Managing Immobilized Clients
Pressure Ulcers and Wound Care Management	565	(36)
Anne Perry
Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment and Prevention Strategies	568	(8)
Treatment of Pressure Ulcers and Wound Management	576	(9)
Applying Dressings	585	(7)
Changing Transparent Dressings	592	(2)
Applying Binders and Bandages	594	(7)
Special Mattresses and Beds	601	(16)
Laurel A. Wiersema-Bryant
Using a Support Surface Mattress	602	(3)
Using an Air-Suspension Bed	605	(3)
Using an Air-Fluidized Bed	608	(3)
Using a Rotokinetic Bed	611	(3)
Using a Bariatric Bed	614	(3)
Promoting Range of Motion	617	(19)
Anne Perry
Range-of-Motion Exercise	618	(14)
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Machine (for Client with Total Knee Replacement)	632	(4)
Traction	636	(12)
Wanda Dubuisson
Maintaining Skin Traction	639	(3)
Skeletal Traction Assessment and Pin Site Care	642	(6)
Cast Care	648	(11)
Phyllis G. Stallard
Cast Application, Assessment, and Care	650	(5)
Cast Removal	655	(4)
Assistive Devices for Ambulation	659	(24)
Eileen Costantinou
Preventing Falls	662	(3)
Teaching Use of Cane, Crutches, and Walker	665	(12)
Caring for the Client with an Orthotic Device (Brace/Splint)	677	(6)
UNIT EIGHT Managing Complex Nursing Interventions
Intravenous Therapy	683	(44)
Lynn C. Hadaway
Basic IV Insertion Techniques (Intermittent and Continuous Infusion)	684	(12)
Regulating Flow Rates	696	(7)
Maintenance of IV Site	703	(8)
Administering IV Medications	711	(9)
Transfusion with Blood Products	720	(7)
Promoting Oxygenation	727	(38)
V. Christine Champagne
Oxygen Administration	728	(7)
Airway Management: Noninvasive Interventions	735	(4)
Airway Management: Suctioning	739	(8)
Airway Management: Endotracheal Tube and Tracheostomy Care	747	(7)
Managing Closed Chest Drainage Systems (Including Managing Postoperative Autotransfusions)	754	(11)
Gastrointestinal Intubation	765	(10)
Marsha Evans Orr
Inserting Nasogastric Tube (Includes Checking Placement of Nasal Tube)	766	(4)
Irrigating Nasogastric Tube	770	(2)
Removing Nasogastric Tube	772	(3)
Enteral Nutrition	775	(16)
Barbara McGeever
Intubating the Client with a Small-Bore Nasogastric or Nasointestinal Feeding Tube	776	(11)
Administering Medication Through a Feeding Tube	787	(4)
Altered Bowel Elimination	791	(18)
Trudie Wierda
Mary MacDonald
Removing Impactions	792	(2)
Pouching an Enterostomy	794	(9)
Irrigating a Colostomy	803	(6)
Altered Urinary Elimination	809	(23)
Stephanie Trinkl
Patricia A. Potter
Urinary Catheterization: Male and Female	810	(8)
Urinary Diversions (Continent and Incontinent)	818	(7)
Continuous Bladder Irrigation	825	(3)
Suprapubic Catheter	828	(4)
Altered Sensory Perception	832	(20)
Patricia A. Potter
Caring for Clients with Contact Lenses	833	(6)
Caring for an Eye Prosthesis	839	(3)
Eye Irrigations	842	(3)
Caring for Clients with Hearing Aids	845	(3)
Ear Irrigations	848	(4)
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance	852	(17)
Marty Elkin
Monitoring Fluid Imbalance	856	(3)
Monitoring Electrolyte Imbalance	859	(5)
Monitoring Acid-Base Imbalance	864	(5)
Emergency Measures for Life Support in the Hospital Setting	869	(19)
Roberta J. Richmond
Resuscitation	870	(7)
Code Management	877	(5)
Care for the Body after Death	882	(6)
Care of the Client with Special Needs	888	(29)
Linda L. Kerby
Managing Central Venous Lines	889	(9)
Administration of Total Parenteral Nutrition	898	(3)
Mechanical Ventilation	901	(6)
Care of Clients Receiving Hemodialysis	907	(4)
Peritoneal Dialysis	911	(6)
Discharge Teaching and Home Health Management	917	(51)
Mary Kay Knight Macheca
Risk Assessment and Accident Prevention	918	(4)
Teaching Self-Administration of Non-Parenteral Medications	922	(4)
Teaching Self-Injections	926	(6)
Teaching Home Self-Catherization	932	(4)
Using Home Oxygen Equipment	936	(5)
Teaching Home Tracheostomy Care	941	(7)
Appendixes
A Sample Forms	948	(12)
Admission Patient Profiles	949	(5)
Diabetic Management Record	954	(1)
Patient/Visitor Incident Report	955	(1)
Routine Nursing Assessment	956	(2)
Critical Care Path	958	(1)
Vital Signs	959	(1)
B Abbreviations and Equivalents	960	(2)
C Nursing Diagnoses: (1999-2000) North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) and Functional Health Patterns	962	(3)
D Norms for Common Laboratory Tests	965	(2)
E Height and Weight Table: Weights for Persons 29 to 59 Years According to Build	967	(1)
Glossary	968	(7)
Index	975