Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies Principles, Techniques and Applications

by Liu , Tiegen; Jiang , Junfeng; Liu , Kun; Wang, Shuang

• ISBN13: 9783527346363
• ISBN10: 3527346368
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2022-03-14
• Publisher: Wiley-VCH

Summary

Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies

Explore foundational and advanced topics in optical fiber sensing technologies

In Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies: Principles, Techniques, and Applications, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive overview of all critical aspects of optical fiber sensing devices, systems, and technologies. The book moves from the basic principles of the technology to innovation methods and a broad range of applications, including Bragg grating sensing technology, intra-cavity laser gas sensing technology, optical coherence tomography, distributed vibration sensing, and acoustic sensing.

The accomplished authors bridge the gap between innovative new research in the field and practical engineering solutions, offering readers an unmatched source of practical, application-ready knowledge.

Ideal for anyone seeking to further the boundaries of the science of optical fiber sensing or the technological applications for which these techniques are used, Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies: Principles, Techniques, and Applications also includes:

• Thorough introductions to optical fiber and optical devices, as well as optical fiber Bragg grating sensing technology
• Practical discussions of Extrinsic-Fabry-Perot-Interferometer-based optical fiber sensing technology, acoustic sensing technology, and high-temperature sensing technology
• Comprehensive explorations of assemble free micro-interferometer-based optical fiber sensing technology
• In-depth examinations of optical fiber intra-cavity laser gas sensing technology

Perfect for applied and semiconductor physicists, Optical Fiber Sensing Technologies: Principles, Techniques, and Applications is also an invaluable resource for professionals working in the semiconductor, optical, and sensor industries, as well as materials scientists and engineers for measurement and control.

Author Biography

Tiegen Liu is Professor in the School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering at Tianjin University, China. He got his PhD from Tianjin University and has been working there as a researcher and teacher for more than 30 years. His research focuses on optical fiber sensing and optoelectronics measurement technology. He has published more than 200 journal papers and 4 books, and holds more than 70 Chinese patents and 4 US patents. He has received many scientific awards, including the National Technology Innovation Award of China and Scientific and Technological Progress award by Ministry of Education of China.

Junfeng Jiang is Professor in the School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering at Tianjin University, China. After his PhD from Tianjin University, he continued with his research there as post-doctoral researcher and then works as a faculty. He also spent one year as post-doctoral scholar in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Kansas, USA. His research area includes sensors based on fiber Bragg grating, Fabry-Perot interferometers and so on. He has published more than 200 journal papers.

Kun Liu is Associate Professor in the School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering at Tianjin University, China. After his PhD from Tianjin University, he continued with his research there as post-doctoral researcher and then works as a faculty. His research mainly focuses on physics and chemistry sensing systems based on optical fiber lasers. He has published more than 80 journal papers, contributed to 3 books and holds a number of patents. He has received numerous scientific awards, including National Technology Innovation Award of China and China Excellent Patent Award.

Shuang Wang is Assistant Professor in the School of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering at Tianjin University, China. After her PhD from Tianjin University, she works there as a faculty. Her research focuses on optical fiber sensors based on Fabry-Perot interferometer. She has published more than 35 journal papers, contributed to 2 books and holds 29 issued Chinese patents.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 OPTICAL FIBER AND OPTICAL DEVICES
1.1 Optical Fiber
1.2 Light Source
1.2.1 Semiconductor Laser
1.2.2 Optical Fiber Laser
1.3 Optical Amplifier
1.3.1 Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
1.3.2 Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
1.4 Detector
1.5 Optical Fiber Passive Device
1.5.1 Optical Fiber Coupler
1.5.2 Optical Fiber Isolator
1.5.3 Optical Fiber Circulator
1.5.4 Optical Fiber Polarizer
1.5.5 Optical Fiber Switcher
1.6 Optical Fiber Modulator

CHAPTER 2 OPTICAL FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSING TECHNOLOGY
2.1 Principle of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing
2.2 Photosensitivity of Ge-Doped Fiber
2.3 Fabrication of Fiber Bragg Grating
2.4 Package Design for Strain and Temperature Sensing
2.4.1 Package Design for Strain Sensing
2.4.2 Package Design for Temperature Sensing
2.4.3 Performance Evaluation Under Cryogenic Temperature
2.5 Demodulation of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing for Space Application
2.5.1 Demodulation Theory of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing
2.5.2 Demodulation Instrument Development
2.5.3 Effect of Environment Temperature Variation

CHAPTER 3 EXTRINSIC-FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER-BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
3.1 Principle of Fabry-Perot Interferometer
3.2 Fabry-Perot Interferometer Based Optical Fiber Sensor Structure
3.3 Silicon-Diaphragm Optical Fiber Sensor
3.3.1 Silicon-Diaphragm Optical Fiber Pressure Sensor
3.3.2 Silicon-Diaphragm Optical Fiber Temperature Sensor
3.3.3 Non-Intrusive Optical Fiber Sensor Head Chip Inspection Method
3.4 Polarization Low Coherence Interference Demodulation for Pressure Sensing
3.4.1 Demodulation Theory
3.4.2 Demodulation Instrument
3.4.3 Demodulation Algorithm
3.4.4 Low Coherence Interference Multiplexing
3.5 Application
3.5.1 Optical Fiber Pressure Sensing in Ocean Application
3.5.2 Optical Fiber Pressure Sensing in Aviation Application

CHAPTER 4 EXTRINSIC-FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER-BASED OPTICAL FIBER ACOUSTIC SENSING TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Polymer-Diaphragm
4.2 Senor Design and Parameters Optimization
4.3 Demodulation
4.3.1 Quadrature Phase Demodulation Theory
4.3.2 Dual-Laser Quadrature Phase Demodulation Instrument
4.3.3 Phase-Shifting Demodulation Instrument Using Birefringence Crystals
4.4 Optical Fiber Acoustic Sensing in Space Application

CHAPTER 5 EXTRINSIC-FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER-BASED OPTICAL FIBER HIGH TEMPERATURE SENSING TECHNOLOGY
5.1 Sapphire Material Characteristic and Solid Cavity
5.2 Sensor Design and Parameters Optimization
5.3 Spectrum Demodulation Theory
5.4 Spectrum Demodulation Instrument
5.5 Optical Fiber High Temperature Sensing in Aviation Application

CHAPTER 6 ASSEMBLE FREE MICRO-INTERFEROMETER?BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
6.1 Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Fiber Tip Micro-Michelson Interferometer
6.2 Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Angled Fiber End
6.3 Optical Fiber Sensor Based on In-Line Interferometer

CHAPTER 7 SURFACE-PLASMON-RESONANCE-BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
7.1 Coating of Optical Fiber
7.2 Theoretical Modeling Multimode Optical Fiber Sensor Based on SPR
7.3 EMD-Based Filtering Algorithm

CHAPTER 8 SAGNAC-INTERFEROMETER-BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
8.1 Principle of Sagnac Interferometer
8.2 Optical Fiber Gyroscope
8.3 The Optical Fiber Coil Quality Inspection Method
8.3.1 Group Birefringence Thermal Coefficient of Polarization-Maintaining Fibers
8.3.2 Optical Fiber Coil Winding Method
8.3.3 Polarization Crosstalk Measurement
8.3.4 Transient Characteristics Measurement with Temperature Stimulation
8.4 Optical Fiber Current Sensing

CHAPTER 9 MODE-INTERFERENCE-BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
9.1 Mode Interference Theory of Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode
9.2 Optical Fiber Refractive Index Sensor Based on SMS
9.2.1 Sensor Design and Fabrication
9.2.2 Self-Temperature-Compensation Sensing
9.2.3 Simultaneous Refractive Index and Temperature Sensing
9.3 Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensor Based on SMS
9.3.1 Magnetic Fluid
9.3.2 Sensor Design and Fabrication
9.3.3 Simultaneous Magnetic Field and Temperature Sensing

CHAPTER 10 WHISPER-GALLERY-MODE-BASED OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY
10.1 Whisper-Gallery-Mode Theory
10.2 Process of Micro Capillary With Inner Pressure Air
10.2.1 Drawing System and Drawing Model
10.2.2 Fabrication of Microtube
10.2.3 Fabrication of Hollow Microsphere
10.3 Optical Fiber Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Microtube WGM
10.3.1 Magnetic Nanoparticle Assembly
10.3.2 Sensor Fabrication and Measurement
10.4 Optical Fiber Dual Parameters Sensor Based on Hollow Microsphere WGM
10.5 Ultraprecise Resonance Wavelength Determination Method

CHAPTER 11 OPTICAL FIBER INTRA-CAVITY LASER GAS SENSING TECHNOLOGY
11.1 Theory of Optical Fiber Intra-Cavity Laser Gas Sensing
11.1.1 Principle of Optical Fiber Laser
11.1.2 Sensitivity Enhancement of Gas Sensing by Direct Absorption
11.1.3 Optical Fiber Intra-Cavity Laser Gas Sensing by Wavelength Modulation
11.1.4 Effect of Temperature on Performance of Gas Sensing
11.2 Optical Fiber Intra-Cavity Laser Gas Sensing System Design
11.3 Spectrum Signal Process
11.3.1 De-Noise with EMD
11.3.2 Baseline Extraction
11.3.3 Spectrum Separation
11.3.4 Concentration Demodulation
11.4 Wavelength Calibration Analysis and Gas Recognition

CHAPTER 12 OPTICAL FIBER BASED OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
12.1 Optical Fiber Coherence Tomography Theory
12.1.1 Time-Domain Optical Fiber Based Optical Coherence Tomography
12.1.2 Frequency-Domain Optical Fiber Based Optical Coherence Tomography
12.2 Functional Optical Fiber Based Optical Coherence Tomography
12.2.1 Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography
12.2.2 Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography
12.3 Biomedical Applications
12.3.1 Dentistry
12.3.2 Cardiovasology
12.3.3 Neurology

CHAPTER 13 DISCRETE OPTICAL FIBER SENSING NETWORK TECHNOLOGY
13.1 Topology of Optical Fiber Sensing Network
13.2 Robustness Evaluation of Optical Fiber Sensing Network
13.2.1 Robustness Evaluation Model
13.2.2 Robustness Affection Factor
13.2.3 Optimization Arrangement

CHAPTER 14 DISTRIBUTED VIBRATION SENSING BASED ON DUAL MACH-ZEHNDER INTERFEROMETER
14.1 Theory of Distributed Vibration Sensing Based on Dual Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
14.1.1 Principle of System
14.1.2 Performance Affection Factor
14.2 Polarization Control Method
14.2.1 Polarization-Induced Phase Shift and Polarization-Induced Fading
14.2.2 Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
14.2.3 Genetic Algorithm
14.2.4 Annealing Algorithm
14.3 Interferometer Based Distributed Vibration Sensing Instrument Design
14.4 Signal Process Algorithm and Instrument
14.3.1 Endpoint Detection
14.3.2 Position Determination
14.3.3 Intrusion Pattern Recognition

CHAPTER 15 REGIONAL STYLE INTELLIGENT PERIMETER SECURITY TECHNIQUE BASE ON MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER
15.1 Principle of System
15.2 Instrument Design
15.3 Perimeter Security Application

CHAPTER 16 DISTRIBUTED TEMPERATURE SENSING BASED ON RAMAN SCATTERING
16.1 Raman Scattering Theory
16.2 Principle of System
16.3 Systemn Design
16.4 De-Noising Algorithm Based on EEMD
16.5 Applicaion on Electric Power Industry

CHAPTER 17 DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING BASED ON OPTICAL TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY
17.1 Theory of Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
17.1.1 Direct-Detection-Based Phase Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
17.1.2 Coherent-Detection-Based Phase Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
17.2 Pulse Modulation Method
17.3 Acoustic Sensitivity Enhance Method of Optical Fiber
17.4 Dual-Pulse Coherent Phase Optical Time Domain Reflectometry
17.5 Chirp-Pulse Phase Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

CHAPTER 18 DISTRIBUTED SENSING BASED ON OPTICAL FREQUENCY DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY
18.1 Principle of Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry
18.2 Measurement Range OFDR Beyond Laser Coherence Length
18.3 Laser Frequency Tuning Nonlinearity and Compensation
18.3.1 Laser Frequency Tuning Nonlinearity
18.3.2 Compensation Using Non-Uniform Fast Fourier Transform
18.3.3 Compensation Using Deskew Filter
18.4 Distributed Sensing System and Application
18.4.1 Distributed Vibration Sensing Base on Correlation Analysis
18.4.2 Distributed Strain and Temperature Measurement
18.4.3 Distributed Magnetic Field and Current Sensor Based on Magnetostriction
18.4.4 Distributed Refractive Index Sensor Based on Taper Fiber