Grammar | |
Basic Sentence Structure | |
the Parts of Speech in Sentences | |
Definitions of the Parts of the Speech | |
Subjects and Verbs (Predicates) in Sentences | |
Direct and Indirect Objects in Sentences | |
Subject-Verb Agreement | |
Basic Rule of Agreement | |
Subjects Joined by and | |
Subjects Joined by Other Connectors | |
Collective Nouns as Subjects | |
Pronouns as Subjects | |
Pronoun Subjects that Can Be Singular or Plural (Indefinite) | |
You as a Subject | |
Phrases that Function as Subjects | |
Phrases in Sentences | |
Essential and Nonessential Phrases | |
Phrases Functioning as Subjects | |
Phrases Functioning as Modifiers | |
Clauses in Sentences | |
Types of Sentences | |
Connecting Independent Clauses | |
Avoiding Comma Splices and Run-On Sentences | |
Connecting Dependent and Independent Clauses | |
Correcting Sentence Fragments | |
Parallel Construction of Clauses and Phrases | |
Verbs | |
Verb Tense | |
Perfect Tenses | |
Regular and Irregular Verbs | |
Forming Tenses of Verbs | |
List of Irregular Verb Forms | |
The Voice of Verbs (Active and Passive) | |
Verb Mood (Indicative, Imperative, Subjunctive) | |
Split Infinitive in Verb Phrases | |
Pronouns | |
Definitions of Types of Pronouns | |
Pronoun Case | |
Pronoun-Reference Agreement | |
Personal Pronouns-First, Second, and Third Person | |
Agreement with More Than One Reference Joined By and | |
Agreement with More Than One Reference Joined By Or | |
Agreement with Gender | |
Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns | |
List of Indefinite Pronouns | |
Relative Pronouns ( Who/Whom, Which/That ) | |
Interrogative Pronouns (Who/Whom, What/Which) | |
Demonstrative Pronouns (This/These, That / Those) | |
Indefinite Pronouns | |
Reflexive Pronouns | |
Possessive Pronouns | |
Pronouns in Comparisons with Than And As | |
Adjectives and Adverbs | |
Adjectives | |
Definitions of Types of Adjectives | |
Adverbs | |
Differentiating Adjectives and Adverbs | |
List of Adjective/Adverb Forms | |
Linking Verbs with Adjectives | |
Troublesome Pairs ( Good/Well and Bad/Badly ) | |
Comparative Forms Of Adjectives and Adverbs | |
Irregular Adjective and Adverb Comparative Forms | |
Comparative Forms Of Adjectives and Adverbs | |
Comparisons Using Less/More, Less/Fewer, More/Most | |
Prepositions | |
Function of Prepositions | |
Commonly Used Prepositions | |
Unnecessary Prepositions | |
Prepositions at End of Sentences | |
Using the Correct Preposition | |
Frequently Used Verb-Preposition Combinations | |
Punctuation | |
Basic Rules of Sentence Punctuation | |
Statements and Polite Requests | |
Exclamations and Interjections | |
Direct and Indirect Questions | |
Other Forms of Questions | |
Spacing and Punctuation in Sentences | |
Punctuation Inists and Outlines | |
Listed Items Within Text | |
Isolated Lists and Outlines | |
Standard Numbering in Outlines | |
Comma Use In Sentences | |
Commas to Set Off Clauses in Sentences | |
Commas to Set Off Words And Phrases | |
ist of Transitional Words | |
Commas With Items in a Series | |
A Comma in Place of Omitted Words | |
The Semicolon | |
to Connect Ideas In Sentences | |
to Connect Parts Of Sentences that Have Commas | |
to Connect Clauses with Transitional Words Or Phrases | |
The Semicolon, Colon, and Ellipses | |
The Colon | |
to Introduce Sentence Elements | |
In Business Letters | |
in Expressions of Time and Ratios | |
In Titles of Publications | |
The Ellipsis (...) | |
to Replace Omitted Words | |
Spacing | |
With Other Punctuation | |
The Dash | |
to Emphasize or De-Emphasize Part of a Sentence | |
In Place of Commas or Parentheses | |
to Interject an Aside | |
Spacing With Dashes | |
Other Punctuation and Capitalization with Dashes | |
Size of Dashes | |
Parentheses and Brackets | |
When to Use Parentheses | |
Punctuation and Spacing with Parentheses | |
Parentheses for Reference and Clarification | |
When to Use Brackets | |
Quotation Marks | |
Direct Quotations | |
Indirect Quotations | |
Quotations Within Quotations | |
Spacing with Quotation Marks | |
Commas with Quotation Marks | |
Punctuation Within and Outside Quotation Marks | |
Quotation Marks with Words and Phrases | |
Quotation Marks in Titles | |
Quotation Marks as Symbols in Measurements | |
Italics | |
to Indicate Titles | |
to Indicate Words Used as Words | |
to Show Emphasis | |
to Indicate Foreign Words and Phrases | |
he Apostrophe | |
to Form Contractions | |
to Show Possession | |
The Asterisk | |
Capitalization | |
Capitalization in Sentences | |
After a Colon | |
Questions Within a Sentence | |
After Elliptical Expression s | |
Sentence in Parentheses | |
Listed Items | |
Items Listed in Running Text Copy | |
Items Listed in Outlines | |
Nouns and Adjectives | |
Proper and Common Nouns | |
Capitalizing "The" | |
Proper Adjectives | |
Compound (Hyphenated) Proper Nouns and Adjectives | |
Personal Names and Titles | |
Names of People | |
Professional Titles with Names | |
Relationship Titles | |
Organization and Product Names | |
Companies | |
Commercial Products | |
Government Entities and Agencies | |
DePartments and Entities Within Organizations | |
Locations and Directions | |
Geographical Place Names | |
Regional Names | |
Directions | |
Periods of Time and Holidays | |
Time Periods | |
Holidays and Special Observances | |
Historical Events and Documents | |
Sporting Events | |
Groups of People and Languages | |
Races, Nationalities, and Ethnic Groups | |
Black and White When Referring to Race | |
Hyphenation of Names of Racial and Ethnic Groups | |
Languages | |
Religious Terms | |
Religions | |
Supreme Beings and Holy Texts | |
Religious Events and Observances | |
Titles of Publications and Artistic Works | |
General Rules | |
Short Works and Parts of Publications | |
Compound Words in Titles | |
Short Words in Titles and Headlines | |
References to Online Technology | |
Online Terminology | |
Programming Languages | |
Academic Courses and Degrees | |
Numbers, Abbreviations, and Symbols | |
Expressing Numbers | |
General Guidelines | |
Using Words or Figures in Text | |
A Number as First Word of a Sentence | |
Two Numbers in Succession | |
Large Approximate Numbers | |
Numbered Items | |
Commas in Numbers | |
Hyphens in Numbers | |
Capitalization with Numbers | |
Spelling, Forming Plurals, and Alphabetizing Numbers | |
Symbols with Numbers (#, $, %, °) | |
Number Symbol (#) | |
Dollar Sign ($) | |
General Rules for Figures with Symbols | |
Percent Sign (%) | |
Degree Symbol (°) | |
Ordinal Numbers ( st, nd, rd, th ) | |
When to Use Figures or Words | |
Ordinal Numbers in Dates | |
Clock Time | |
Time Expressed In Figures | |
Use of a.m. and m. | |
Time Expressed in Words | |
Use of O'clock | |
Use of Noon and Midnight | |
International and Military (24-Hour) Time | |
24-Hour Clock Conversion Chart | |
Calendar Dates | |
Month, Day, and Year | |
Military and International Date Style | |
Commas in Dates | |
Periods of Time | |
Span of Years | |
Decades | |
Centuries | |
Money | |
Dollar Figures | |
Amounts Less than a Dollar | |
Large Dollar Amounts | |
Rounding Dollar Amounts | |
Measurements | |
Expressing Measurements in Figures and Words | |
Abbreviations in Measurements | |
Telephone Numbers | |
Number Format | |
Words in Phone Numbers | |
Extensions in Phone Numbers | |
Fractions | |
When to Use Words | |
When to Use Figures | |
Mixed Numbers | |
Percentages, Ratios, and Proportions | |
Percentages | |
Ratios and Proportions | |
Roman Numerals | |
Formatting and Reading Roman Numerals | |
Charts of Roman Numerals | |
Using Roman Numerals in Business Documents | |
Abbreviations - General Guidelines | |
Using Abbreviations in Running Text | |
Periods and Commas in Abbreviations | |
Lowercase Letter Abbreviations | |
All-Capital Letter Abbreviations (Acronyms and Initialisms) | |
The Ampersand (&) in Abbreviations | |
Style for Using Academic Degrees | |
Abbreviations of Common Academic Degrees | |
Abbreviating Organization Names | |
Personal Names | |
Initials | |
Personal Titles | |
Academic Degrees with Names | |
Birth Order Designations in Names | |
Professional, Military, and Religious Titles | |
When to Spell Out Titles | |
When to Abbreviate Titles | |
Use of The Honorable and The Reverend | |
Use of Esq | |
Abbreviations of Professional, Military, and Religious Titles | |
State and Geographic Locations | |
Specific Geographic Locations | |
State Names | |
Two-Letter State Abbreviations | |
United States | |
Compass Points and Street Names | |
Street Names in Addresses | |
Abbreviations for Address Designations | |
Post Office Box Addresses | |
Time Zones | |
State and Us Territories Time Zones and Abbreviations | |
Periods of Time | |
Abbreviations for Days and Months of the Year | |
Abbreviations for Units and Periods of Time | |
Customary Units of Measure | |
Writing Sets Of Measurements | |
Use of Symbols for Abbreviations | |
Hyphens in Abbreviations | |
Abbreviations for Customary and Metric Measurements | |
Business Terms | |
Common Business Abbreviations | |
Foreign Words and Phrases | |
Symbols | |
Business Symbols | |
Chemical Symbols | |
Spacing and Punctuation With Symbols | |
Symbols | |
Symbols | |
Business Symbols | |
Chemical Symbols | |
Spacing and Punctuation With Symbols | |
Spelling, Word Division, and Word Usage | |
Spelling | |
Plural Forms of Nouns | |
Plural Forms of Numbers | |
Hyphenating Compound Words | |
Compound Modifiers (Adjectives and Adverbs) | |
Compound Verbs | |
Prefixes | |
Suffixes | |
British vs. American Spellings | |
Word Division | |
When Not to Divide Words | |
Dividing Words by Syllables | |
Dividing Compound Words | |
Dividing Words with Prefixes and Suffixes | |
Dividing Words in Blocks of Type | |
Word Usage | |
Rules for Alphabetic Filing | |
General Rules | |
Personal Names | |
Business and Organization Names | |
Government Agency and DePartment Names | |
The Writing Process | |
The Writing Process | |
Planning | |
Clarifying the Purpose for Writing | |
Indentifying Your Reader | |
Selecting the Best Form of Communication | |
Gathering and Organizing Information | |
Deciding What to Include | |
Gathering and Evaluating Information | |
Organizing Information | |
Creating an Outline | |
Writing The First Draft | |
Developing Main Points | |
Avoiding Writer's Block | |
Formatting for Function and Effectiveness | |
Formatting Techniques | |
Revising the Draft | |
Revising Content and Organization | |
Revising Paragraphs and Sentences | |
Revising Words | |
Proofreading | |
Proofreading Techniques | |
Spotting Common Proofreading Errors | |
Proofreading Marks | |
Checking Format and Appearance | |
Writing Style | |
Defining Writing Style | |
Varying Writing Style | |
Defining Levels of Formality | |
Choosing the Appropriate Tone | |
Writing Strong Paragraphs | |
Structuring Paragraphs | |
Developing Paragraph Unity and Coherence | |
Purposes of Transitional Words and Phrases | |
Writing Effective Sentences | |
Varying Sentence Length and Structure | |
Using Active vs. Passive Voice | |
Placing Words and Phrases for Emphasis | |
Using Parallel (Consistent) Construction | |
Using Words Effectively | |
Eliminating Unnecessary Words | |
Choosing The Clearest Words | |
Using Precise Language | |
Achieving the Right Tone | |
Using Audience-Sensitive Language | |
E-Mail, Memos, and Letters | |
The E-Mail Template | |
Writing E-Mail Messages | |
E-Mail Attachments | |
Replying to E-Mails | |
E-Mail Netiquette and Cautions | |
Interoffice Memos | |
Basic Memo Parts | |
Filling in the Memo Form or Template | |
Special Notations on Memos | |
Continuing Pages of Memos | |
Business Letter Styles | |
Block Style | |
Modified Block Style | |
Simplified Style | |
Letter Formatting | |
Guidelines for Parts of Business Letters | |
Date | |
Special Notations | |
Inside Address | |
Salutation | |
The Body of The Letter | |
Complimentary Closing and Signature | |
Typist's Reference Initials | |
Copy Notations | |
Enclosures | |
Continuing Pages in Letters | |
Composing Different Types of Business Messages | |
Writing to Inform | |
Positive and Neutral Messages-the Direct Approach | |
Troublesome or Bad News Messages-the Indirect Approach | |
Confirming an Oral Agreement | |
Confirming Receipt | |
Transmittal Messages | |
Writing to Instruct | |
Writing to Make a Request | |
Request for Assistance or a Routine Favor | |
Requesting Resolution of a Problem or Complaint | |
Writing to Respond | |
Responding Positively to an Inquiry | |
Responding Negatively with an Alternative | |
Responding Negatively Outright | |
Writing to Persuade | |
Writing Personal Messages | |
"Thank You" Notes | |
Condolences | |
Expressions of Congratulation | |
Reports, Proposals, and Documentation | |
Business Reports | |
Defining Purpose and Audience | |
Gathering Information | |
Informal Reports | |
Informal Report Formats | |
Parts of Informal Reports | |
Formal Reports | |
Parts of Formal Reports | |
Cover and/or Title Page | |
Letter or Memo of Transmittal | |
Table of Contents | |
Foreword or Preface | |
List of Figures and Tables | |
Acknowledgments | |
Executive Summary | |
Introduction | |
Body of the Report | |
Recommendations | |
Conclusion | |
Appendix | |
References | |
Glossary | |
Proposals | |
Types of Proposals | |
Parts of Proposals | |
Example of a Short Proposal | |
Documenting Sources | |
Definition of Copyright-Protected Material | |
Form of Written Copyright Notice | |
Use of Copyrighted Material | |
Plagiarism | |
Types of Documentation | |
Text Notes | |
Footnotes | |
Endnotes | |
Bibliography | |
Citation Styles-Business, MLA, and APA | |
Books | |
Book with One Author | |
Book with Two Authors | |
Book with More Than Three Authors | |
Book Editor Instead Of Author | |
Multiple Works by the Same Author(S) | |
Book with No Author Listed | |
Periodicals and Anthologies | |
Magazine (Monthly, Weekly, or Biweekly) | |
Professional Journal | |
Newspaper | |
Anthology | |
Online Sources | |
Article from an Online Publication | |
Article from a Database | |
Web Document, Web Page, or Report | |
Other Sources | |
Group or Corporate Publications | |
Unpublished Works | |
Speech | |
Document Design, Graphics, and Multimedia | |
Designing Documents for Readability | |
Sizes and Styles of Type | |
Selecting Type for Business Documents | |
Page Layout | |
Heading Structure | |
Parallel Construction of Headings | |
Balance of Text and White Space | |
Margins and Justification | |
Color and Shading | |
Rules And Borders | |
Headers and Footers | |
Integrating Text and Visuals | |
Tables | |
Standard Parts Of Tables | |
Formatting Tables | |
Table Footnotes and Source Notes | |
Formatting Figures in Table Cells | |
Integrating Tables with Text | |
Integrating Graphics and Text | |
Selecting Appropriate Graphics | |
Labeling Graphics | |
Numbers and Titles | |
Footnotes and Source Notes | |
Captions, Legends, and Callouts | |
Writing for Multimedia | |
Preparing Slide Presentations | |
Purpose | |
Audience | |
Drafting | |
Revising and Editing | |
Design and Layout | |
Special Effects | |
Presentation Techniques | |
Web Pages | |
Purpose | |
Audience | |
External Web Sites - The Internet | |
Internal Web Sites - The Intranet | |
Writing for the Web | |
Business and Employment Communications | |
Meeting Agendas and Minutes | |
Informal Meeting Agenda | |
Agenda for Meetings Using Parliamentary Procedure | |
Conference and Seminar Agendas | |
Informal Meeting Minutes and Summaries | |
Formal Meeting Minutes | |
Itineraries | |
Travel Itinerary | |
Event Itinerary | |
Press Releases | |
Purpose and Audience for a Press Release | |
What to Include in A Press Release | |
Resumes | |
Contact Information | |
Summary or Professional Profile | |
Objective | |
Employment History and Work Experience | |
Key Words and Action Verbs | |
Education | |
Special Skills and/or Achievements | |
References | |
Chronological Resume | |
Functional Resume | |
Combination Resume | |
Resume Formatting | |
Cover Letters | |
Writing the Cover Letter | |
Formatting the Cover Letter | |
References | |
Requesting A Reference | |
Thank You for Reference | |
Job Search Follow Up | |
Thank You for Job Interview | |
Letter Withdrawing Application | |
Appendix and Indexes | |
Appendix | |
Glossary | |
Filing Rules | |
Quick Reference Boxes and Writing Samples Index | |
Section Number Index | |
General Index | |
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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