Physics Volume 2

by Giambattista, Alan; Richardson, Betty McCarthy; Richardson, Robert C.

• ISBN13: 9780073327525
• ISBN10: 0073327522
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-17
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math

Summary

The surface of the water appears here in beautiful shades of blue, yellow, green, and pink. A drop breaks the surface and starts concentric circular ripples that travel on the surface of the water outward from that point. What do we know about the nature of water and how it absorbs, transmits, and reflects light? How does the reflection of light at particular wavelengths affect the colors our brains interpret? How do waves travel? What affects their speed and frequency? What do water waves have in common with light? How can your knowledge of these basic physics principles be applied to technology, such as the fiber optics used in telecommunications and in arthroscopic knee surgery? The answers to these questions and many more can all be learned through your study of Physics.

Table of Contents

List of Selected Applications	p. x
Preface	p. xiii
To the Student	p. xxi
Acknowledgments	p. xxix
Electromagnetism
Electric Forces and Fields	p. 561
Electric Charge	p. 562
Electrical Conductors and Insulators	p. 565
Coulomb's Law	p. 569
The Electric Field	p. 573
Motion of a Point Charge in a Uniform Electric Field	p. 580
Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium	p. 582
Gauss's Law for Electric Fields	p. 585
Electric Potential	p. 599
Electric Potential Energy	p. 600
Electric Potential	p. 603
The Relationship Between Electric Field and Potential	p. 610
Conservation of Energy for Moving Charges	p. 613
Capacitors	p. 614
Dielectrics	p. 618
Energy Stored in a Capacitor	p. 623
Electric Current and Circuits	p. 637
Electric Current	p. 638
Emf and Circuits	p. 640
Microscopic View of Current in a Metal: The Free-Electron Model	p. 642
Resistance and Resistivity	p. 644
Kirchhoff's Rules	p. 650
Series and Parallel Circuits	p. 651
Circuit Analysis Using Kirchhoff's Rules	p. 657
Power and Energy in Circuits	p. 659
Measuring Currents and Voltages	p. 661
RC Circuits	p. 663
Electrical Safety	p. 667
Review and Synthesis: Chapters 16-18	p. 683
Magnetic Forces and Fields	p. 687
Magnetic Fields	p. 688
Magnetic Force on a Point Charge	p. 692
Charged Particle Moving Perpendicularly to a Uniform Magnetic Field	p. 697
Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field: General	p. 701
A Charged Particle in Crossed E and B Fields	p. 702
Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Wire	p. 706
Torque on a Current Loop	p. 708
Magnetic Field Due to an Electric Current	p. 711
Ampere's Law	p. 716
Magnetic Materials	p. 718
Electromagnetic Induction	p. 733
Motional Emf	p. 734
Electric Generators	p. 737
Faraday's Law	p. 740
Lenz's Law	p. 745
Back Emf in a Motor	p. 747
Transformers	p. 748
Eddy Currents	p. 749
Induced Electric Fields	p. 751
Mutual- and Self-Inductance	p. 752
LR Circuits	p. 756
Alternating Current	p. 771
Sinusoidal Currents and Voltages; Resistors in ac Circuits	p. 772
Electricity in the Home	p. 774
Capacitors in ac Circuits	p. 776
Inductors in ac Circuits	p. 779
RLC Series Circuits	p. 781
Resonance in an RLC Circuit	p. 785
Converting ac to dc; Filters	p. 787
Review and Synthesis: Chapters 19-21	p. 797
Electromagnetic Waves and Optics
Electromagnetic Waves	p. 801
Accelerating Charges Produce Electromagnetic Waves	p. 802
Maxwell's Equations	p. 803
Antennas	p. 804
The Electromagnetic Spectrum	p. 807
Speed of EM Waves in Vacuum and in Matter	p. 811
Characteristics of Electromagnetic Waves in Vacuum	p. 815
Energy Transport by EM Waves	p. 817
Polarization	p. 821
The Doppler Effect for EM Waves	p. 828
Reflection and Refraction of Light	p. 837
Wavefronts, Rays, and Huygens's Principle	p. 838
The Reflection of Light	p. 841
The Refraction of Light: Snell's Law	p. 842
Total Internal Reflection	p. 847
Polarization by Reflection	p. 852
The Formation of Images Through Reflection or Refraction	p. 853
Plane Mirrors	p. 856
Spherical Mirrors	p. 858
Thin Lenses	p. 864
Optical Instruments	p. 879
Lenses in Combination	p. 880
Cameras	p. 883
The Eye	p. 886
The Simple Magnifier	p. 891
Compound Microscopes	p. 893
Telescopes	p. 895
Aberrations of Lenses and Mirrors	p. 899
Interference and Diffraction	p. 909
Constructive and Destructive Interference	p. 910
The Michelson Interferometer	p. 914
Thin Films	p. 917
Young's Double-Slit Experiment	p. 922
Gratings	p. 926
Diffraction and Huygens's Principle	p. 929
Diffraction by a Single Slit	p. 931
Diffraction and the Resolution of Optical Instruments	p. 935
X-Ray Diffraction	p. 937
Holography	p. 939
Review and Synthesis: Chapters 22-25	p. 950
Quantum and Particle Physics and Relativity
Relativity	p. 953
Postulates of Relativity	p. 954
Simultaneity and Ideal Observers	p. 957
Time Dilation	p. 960
Length Contraction	p. 963
Velocities in Different Reference Frames	p. 965
Relativistic Momentum	p. 967
Mass and Energy	p. 969
Relativistic Kinetic Energy	p. 971
Early Quantum Physics and the Photon	p. 983
Quantization	p. 984
Blackbody Radiation	p. 984
The Photoelectric Effect	p. 985
X-Ray Production	p. 991
Compton Scattering	p. 992
Spectroscopy and Early Models of the Atom	p. 994
The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom; Atomic Energy Levels	p. 998
Pair Annihilation and Pair Production	p. 1005
Quantum Physics	p. 1015
The Wave-Particle Duality	p. 1016
Matter Waves	p. 1017
Electron Microscopes	p. 1020
The Uncertainty Principle	p. 1022
Wave Functions for a Confined Particle	p. 1024
The Hydrogen Atom: Wave Functions and Quantum Numbers	p. 1026
The Exclusion Principle; Electron Configurations for Atoms Other Than Hydrogen	p. 1028
Electron Energy Levels in a Solid	p. 1032
Lasers	p. 1034
Tunneling	p. 1038
Nuclear Physics	p. 1049
Nuclear Structure	p. 1050
Binding Energy	p. 1053
Radioactivity	p. 1057
Radioactive Decay Rates and Half-Lives	p. 1063
Biological Effects of Radiation	p. 1069
Induced Nuclear Reactions	p. 1073
Fission	p. 1075
Fusion	p. 1080
Particle Physics	p. 1089
Fundamental Particles	p. 1090
Fundamental Interactions	p. 1092
Unification	p. 1095
Particle Accelerators	p. 1097
Twenty-First-Century Particle Physics	p. 1098
Review and Synthesis: Chapters 26-30	p. 1102
Mathematics Review	p. A-1
Table of Selected Nuclides	p. A-15
Answers to Selected Questions and Problems	p. AP-1
Credits	p. C-1
Index	p. I-1
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