The Politics of Medicare

by Marmor,Theodore R. R.

• ISBN13: 9780202303994
• ISBN10: 0202303993
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-03-31
• Publisher: Routledge

Summary

Discusses Medicare's emergence as a political issue and the responses it elicited within the federal government and American society

Author Biography

Theodore R. Marmor teaches politics and public policy in Yale University's management and law schools as well as in its political science department. Educated at Harvard and Oxford, Marmor has written widely about the politics of the modern welfare state, and has served on a number of governmental commissions and scholarly editorial boards.

Table of Contents

Preface to the Second Edition	xi
Acknowledgments	xv
Preface to the First Edition	xix
Introduction	xxiii
PART I THE ORIGINS AND ENACTMENTS	1	(92)
The Origins of the Medicare Strategy	3	(20)
Twentieth-Century Medicine: The Paradoxes of Progress	3	(1)
Origins of the Government Health Insurance Issue	4	(2)
Universal Health Insurance Proposals in the Fair Deal	6	(4)
The Politics of Incrementalism: Turning toward the Aged	10	(1)
The Appeal of Focusing on the Aged	11	(4)
Focusing on Social Security Contributors	15	(2)
Pressure Groups and Medicare: The Lobbying of Millions	17	(6)
The Politics of Legislative Impossibility	23	(8)
Medicare under a Republican President	23	(2)
The Forand Bill versus the Welfare Approach	25	(2)
Kerr-Mills Bill of 1960	27	(4)
The Politics of Legislative Possibility	31	(14)
Medicare, 1961	31	(1)
The Obstacle Course in Congress: First Try with Ways and Means	32	(3)
The Sauthern Democrats	35	(3)
The Kennedy Administration versus the AMA	38	(3)
Medicare's Near Miss, 1964	41	(4)
The Politics of Legislative Certainty	45	(18)
The Impact of the Election of 1964	45	(1)
The Administration's Proposal: H.R. 1 and S. 1	46	(1)
The Ways and Means Committee and the House Take Action: January-April	47	(6)
H.R. 6675 Passes the Senate: April-July	53	(2)
Medicare Comes out of the Conference Committee: July 26, 1965	55	(1)
The Outcome of 1965: Explanation and Issues	56	(7)
Medicare and the Analysis of Social Policy in American Politics	63	(24)
Case Studies and Cumulative Knowledge	63	(1)
Conceptual Models and the Medicare Case	64	(1)
The Origins of Medicare: The Rational Actor Model	64	(3)
The Responses of Medicare, 1952-64: The Organizational Process Model	67	(2)
The 1965 Legislation: The Bureaucratic Politics Model	69	(2)
Processes and Policy in American Politics: The Case of Medicare	71	(9)
Medicare and the Character of American Social Policy	80	(7)
Legislation to Operation	87	(6)
PART II THE POLITICS OF MEDICARE: 1966-99	93	(100)
Medicare's Politics: 1966-90	95	(28)
The Origins of Medicare Revisited	95	(1)
The Politics of Accommodation: Medicare's Implementation and Subsequent Evolution from 1966 to 1970	96	(3)
The 1970s: Ineffectual Reforms and Intermittent Progress	99	(8)
The 1980s: The Challenge of the Reagan Era	107	(8)
Conclusion	115	(8)
The Politics of Medicare Reform in the 1990s: Budget Struggles, National Health Reform, and Shifting Conflicts	123	(28)
Introduction: The Changing Context of Medicare's Politics in the 1990s	123	(1)
Medicare and the 1992 Elections: The Reawakening of Concerns	124	(2)
A Negative Consensus on Health Reform	126	(9)
The 1995 Trustees' Report and Claims of Insolvency	135	(2)
From Legislative Impasse 1995-96 to Medicare ``Reform'' in 1997	137	(4)
The Medicare Reforms of 1997: Understanding the Politics of Balancing Budgets	141	(6)
Medicare Flip-Flop	147	(4)
The Ideological Context of Medicare's Politics: The Presumptions of Medicare's Founders versus the Rise of Procompetitive Ideas in Medical Care	151	(20)
Introduction	151	(1)
Medicare's Philosophical Roots: social Insurance and the Presumption of Expansion	152	(5)
The Rise of Procompetitive Ideas about Medical Care	157	(14)
Reflections on Medicare's Politics: Puzzles and Patterns	171	(22)
Introduction	171	(1)
Understanding Medicare's Politics: Patterns, Puzzles, and Explanatory Approaches	171	(2)
Structural Explanations and Medicare's Limited Evolution	173	(2)
Insider Politics, Medicare's Price Controls, and the Puzzles of the Reagan/Bush Era	175	(1)
Medicare 1995-99---Macro Politics and the Emergence of Unexpected Remedies	176	(3)
Conclusion	179	(4)
Medicare Scholarship: A Selective Review Essay	183	(10)
Glossary	193	(14)
References to Part I	207	(6)
References to Part II	213	(8)
Index	221