The Power of Pills Social, Ethical and Legal Issues in Drug Development, Marketing and Pricing

by Cohen, Jillian; Illingworth, Patricia; Schuklenk, Udo

• ISBN13: 9780745324029
• ISBN10: 0745324029
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-10-20
• Publisher: PLUTO PRESS (UK)

Summary

Why does one-third of the global population not have access to essential medicines? What drives new drug research priorities? How do we manage the ethical, legal and social challenges associated with improving drug access? Answering these questions and more, this book is one of the first comprehesive and critical guides to global pharmaceutical policy issues. This multidisciplinary book covers core issues in clear, short chapters. It is a one-stop resource for students, policy makers and academics. Bringing together the insights of over thirty different specialists from around the world, this book discusses: * current regulation of the industry* ethical issues in developing and distributing drugs* how it prices and markets drugs* recommendations on how to improve pharmaceutical policy* the importance of pharmaceuticals * the structure of the pharmaceutical industry * what drugs are needed on a worldwide scale

Author Biography

Jillian Clare Cohen is an Assistant Professor at the Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto and Director of the Comparative Program on Health and Society. She conducts research and publishes widely on drug access including corruption and intellectual property rights. She has also advised governments and international organizations on pharmaceutical policy. Patricia Illingworth is an Associate Professor at Northeastern University. She has written three books, AIDS and the Good Society (1991), Trusting Medicine ( 2005), and Ethical Health Care (2006) with Wendy Parmet. Udo Schuklenk is a Professor of Ethics in Public Policy and Corporate Governance at Glasgow Caledonian University. He is a co-editor of the journal Bioethics and author of Access to Experimental Drugs in Terminal Illness: Ethical Issues (1998).

Table of Contents

List of abbreviations	ix
Introduction	1
Part I: Pharmaceutical industry, profits and obligations
1. The pharmaceutical industry and the pursuit of profit	11
Joel Lexchin
2. Social, ethical, and legal issues in drug development, marketing, and pricing policies: setting priorities: pharmaceuticals as private organizations and the duty to make money/maximize profits	25
Kristina M. Lybecker
3. The pharmaceutical industry and its obligations in the developing world	32
Ann Mills, Patricia Werhane, and Michael Gorman
4. Drug companies as organizational hybrids	41
Warren Kaplan
5. Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry: a symbiotic relationship?	57
Ian E. Marshall
6. Industry perspectives on equity, access, and corporate social responsibility: a view from the inside	65
Robert A. Freeman
Part II: Justice — medicines as global public goods
7. Pharmaceuticals, public health, and the law: a public health perspective	77
Wendy E. Parmet
8. Access to medications and global justice	88
David B. Resnik
9. Pharmacogenetics and global (in)justice	98
Søren Holm
Part III: The social, ethical, and political challenge: neglected diseases
10. The enduring crisis in neglected diseases	109
Nathan Ford
11. Moving beyond charity for R&D for neglected diseases	117
James Orbinski and Barry Burciul
12. Neglected disease research: health needs and new models for R&D	125
Aidan Hollis
13. Advanced purchase commitments: moral and practical problems	134
Donald W. Light
14. Harnessing the power of pharmaceutical innovation	142
Thomas Pogge
Part IV: Patents and access to medicines
15. Patents, profits, and the price of pills: implications for access and availability	153
Michael J. Selgelid and Eline M. Sepers
16. Fair followers: expanding access to generic pharmaceuticals for low- and middle-income populations	164
Kevin Outterson
17. Abolishing the product patent: a step forward for global access to drugs	179
Adam Mannan and Alan Story
18. Trading health for profit: the impact of bilateral and regional free trade agreements on domestic intellectual property rules on pharmaceuticals	190
Lisa Forman
Part V: Research ethics
19. Human genomic research ethics: changing the rules	203
Steven H. Miles
20. Assumptions in the "standard of care" debate	215
Florencia Luna
Part VI: Political activism and treatment access
21. Medicines for all? Commitment and compromise in the fight for Canada's Law on compulsory licensing for export	227
Richard Elliot
22. Placing access to essential medicines on the human rights agenda	239
Brook K. Baker
Part VII: National responsibilities
23. Producing affordable medicines in South Africa	251
João L. Carapinha
24. National responsibility in the provision of basic medicines	260
Kinsley Wilson, Laura Esmail, and Milan Clare Cohen
25. Pharmaceutical cost-effectiveness pricing: developing and protecting a global ideal form	272
Thomas A. Faunce
Notes on the contributors	283
Index	289