Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering

by Rizzoni, Giorgio

• ISBN13: 9780075618324
• ISBN10: 007561832X
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-07-01
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill College

Table of Contents

Introduction to Electrical Engineering	1	(13)
Electrical Engineering	2	(2)
Electrical Engineering as a Foundation for the Design of Mechatronic Systems	4	(4)
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review	8	(1)
Brief History of Electrical Engineering	9	(1)
System of Units	10	(1)
Special Features of This Book	11	(3)
PART I CIRCUITS	14	(322)
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits	15	(56)
Charge, Current, and Kirchhoff's Current Law	16	(5)
Voltage and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law	21	(2)
Ideal Voltage and Current Sources	23	(3)
Ideal Voltage Sources	24	(1)
Ideal Current Sources	25	(1)
Dependent (Controlled) Sources	25	(1)
Electric Power and Sign Convention	26	(3)
Circuit Elements and Their i-v Characteristics	29	(1)
Resistance and Ohm's Law	30	(19)
Open and Short Circuits	38	(1)
Series Resistors and the Voltage Divider Rule	39	(3)
Parallel Resistors and the Current Divider Rule	42	(7)
Practical Voltage and Current Sources	49	(1)
Measuring Devices	50	(2)
The Ohmmeter	50	(1)
The Ammeter	51	(1)
The Voltmeter	51	(1)
Electrical Networks	52	(19)
Branch	52	(3)
Node	55	(1)
Loop	55	(1)
Mesh	55	(1)
Network Analysis	55	(1)
Circuit Variables	56	(1)
Ground	57	(14)
Resistive Network Analysis	71	(54)
The Node Voltage Method	72	(6)
Nodal Analysis with Voltage Source	77	(1)
The Mesh Current Method	78	(6)
Mesh Analysis with Current Sources	82	(2)
Nodal and Mesh Analysis with Controlled Sources	84	(2)
Remarks on Node Voltage and Mesh Current Methods	86	(1)
The Principle of Superposition	86	(3)
One-Port Networks and Equivalent Circuits	89	(18)
Thevenin and Norton Equivalent Circuits	90	(1)
Determination of Norton or Thevenin Equivalent Resistance	91	(4)
Computing the Thevenin Voltage	95	(4)
Computing the Norton Current	99	(2)
Source Transformations	101	(3)
Experimental Determination of Thevenin and Norton Equivalents	104	(3)
Maximum Power Transfer	107	(3)
Nonlinear Circuit Elements	110	(15)
Description of Nonlinear Elements	110	(1)
Graphical (Load-Line) Analysis of Nonlinear Circuits	111	(14)
AC Network Analysis	125	(56)
Energy-Storage (Dynamic) Circuit Elements	126	(15)
The Ideal Capacitor	126	(4)
Energy Storage in Capacitors	130	(3)
The Ideal Inductor	133	(4)
Energy Storage in Inductors	137	(4)
Time-Dependent Signal Sources	141	(4)
Why Sinusoids?	141	(1)
Average and RMS Values	142	(3)
Solution of Circuits Containing Dynamic Elements	145	(3)
Forced Response of Circuits Excited by Sinusoidal Sources	146	(2)
Phasors and Impedance	148	(14)
Euler's Identity	148	(1)
Phasors	149	(2)
Superposition of AC Signals	151	(2)
Impedance	153	(1)
The Resistor	153	(1)
The Inductor	154	(1)
The Capacitor	155	(6)
Admittance	161	(1)
AC Circuit Analysis Methods	162	(19)
AC Equivalent Circuits	166	(15)
Transient Analysis	181	(50)
Introduction	181	(2)
Solution of Circuits Containing Dynamic Elements	183	(3)
Transient Response of First-Order Circuits	186	(17)
Natural Response of First-Order Circuits	187	(4)
Forced and Complete Response of First-Order Circuits	191	(1)
Continuity of Capacitor Voltages and Inductor Circuits	192	(2)
Complete Solution of First-Order Circuits	194	(9)
Transient Response of First-Order Circuits	203	(28)
Deriving the Differential Equations for Second-Order Circuits	204	(1)
Natural Response of Second-Order Circuits	205	(3)
Overdamped Solution	208	(1)
Critically Damped Solution	209	(1)
Underdamped Solution	209	(1)
Forced and Complete Response of Second-Order Circuits	210	(21)
Frequency Response and System Concepts	231	(50)
Sinusoidal Frequency Response	232	(6)
Filters	238	(22)
Low-Pass Filters	239	(6)
High-Pass Filter	245	(3)
Band-Pass Filters	248	(9)
Decibel (db) or Bode Plots	257	(3)
Complex Frequency and the Laplace Transform	260	(21)
The Laplace Transform	263	(4)
Transfer Functions, Poles, and Zeros	267	(14)
AC Power	281	(55)
Power in AC Circuits	282	(7)
Instantaneous and Average Power	282	(2)
AC Power Notation	284	(4)
Power Factor	288	(1)
Complex Power	289	(19)
Power Factor, Revisited	294	(14)
Transformers	308	(7)
The Ideal Transformer	309	(2)
Impedance Reflection and Power Transfer	311	(4)
Three-Phase Power	315	(7)
Balanced Wye Loads	318	(1)
Balanced Delta Loads	319	(3)
Residential Wiring; Grounding and Safety	322	(3)
Generation and Distribution of AC Power	325	(11)
PART II ELECTRONICS	336	(430)
Semiconductors and Diodes	337	(54)
Electrical Conduction in Semiconductor Devices	338	(2)
The pn Junction and the Semiconductor Diode	340	(3)
Circuit Models for the Semiconductor Diode	343	(17)
Large-Signal Diode Models	343	(8)
Small-Signal Diode Models	351	(6)
Piecewise Linear Diode Model	357	(3)
Practical Diode Circuits	360	(31)
The Full-Wave Rectifier	360	(2)
The Bridge Rectifier	362	(2)
DC Power Supplies, Zener Diodes, and Voltage Regulation	364	(6)
Signal-Processing Applications	370	(7)
Photodiodes	377	(14)
Transistor Fundamentals	391	(46)
Transistors as Amplifiers and Switches	392	(2)
The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)	394	(13)
Determining the Operating Region of a BJT	397	(2)
Selecting an Operating Point for a BJT	399	(8)
BJT Large-Signal Model	407	(8)
Large-Signal Model of the npn BJT	407	(8)
Field-Effect Transistors	415	(1)
Overview of Enhancement-Mode MOSFETs	415	(8)
Operation of the n-Channel Enhancement-Mode MOSFETs	416	(5)
p-Channel MOSFETs and CMOS Devices	421	(2)
Depletion MOSFETs and JFETs	423	(14)
Depletion MOSFETs	423	(2)
Junction Field-Effect Transistors	425	(1)
Depletion MOSFET and JFET Equations	426	(11)
Transistor Amplifiers and Switches	437	(58)
Small-Signal Models of the BJT	438	(5)
Transconductance	441	(2)
BJT Small-Signal Amplifiers	443	(14)
DC Analysis of the Common-Emitter Amplifier	446	(7)
AC Analysis of the Common-Emitter Amplifier	453	(4)
Other BJT Amplifier Circuits	457	(1)
FET Small-Signal Amplifiers	457	(11)
The MOSFET Common-Source Amplifier	461	(4)
The MOSFET Source Follower	465	(3)
Transistor Amplifiers	468	(4)
Frequency Response of Small-Signal Amplifiers	468	(2)
Multistage Amplifiers	470	(2)
Transistor Gates and Switches	472	(23)
Analog Gates	473	(1)
Digital Gates	473	(22)
Power Electronics	495	(36)
Classification of Power Electronic Devices	496	(1)
Classification of Power Electronic Circuits	497	(2)
Voltage Regulators	499	(3)
Power Amplifiers and Transistor Switches	502	(6)
Power Amplifiers	502	(2)
BJT Switching Characteristics	504	(1)
Power MOSFETs	505	(3)
Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)	508	(1)
Rectifiers and Controlled Rectifiers (AC-DC Converters)	508	(10)
Three-Phase Rectifiers	511	(1)
Thyristors and Controlled Rectifiers	512	(6)
Electric Motor Drives	518	(13)
Choppers (DC-DC Converters)	518	(5)
Inverters (DC-AC Converters)	523	(8)
Operational Amplifiers	531	(68)
Amplifiers	532	(1)
Ideal Amplifier Characteristics	532	(1)
The Operational Amplifier	533	(20)
The Open-Loop Model	534	(1)
The Operational Amplifier in the Closed-Loop Mode	535	(18)
Active Filters	553	(6)
Integrator and Differentiator Circuits	559	(3)
The Ideal Differentiator	562	(1)
Analog Computers	562	(7)
Scaling in Analog Computers	564	(5)
Physical Limitations of Op-Amps	569	(30)
Voltage Supply Limits	569	(2)
Frequency Response Limits	571	(3)
Input Offset Voltage	574	(1)
Input Bias Currents	575	(1)
Output Offset Adjustment	576	(1)
Slew Rate Limit	577	(2)
Short-Circuit Output Current	579	(1)
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio	580	(19)
Digital Logic Circuits	599	(48)
Analog and Digital Signals	600	(2)
The Binary Number System	602	(8)
Addition and Subtraction	602	(1)
Multiplication and Division	603	(1)
Conversion from Decimal to Binary	604	(2)
Complements and Negative Numbers	606	(1)
The Hexadecimal System	606	(1)
Binary Codes	606	(4)
Boolean Algebra	610	(10)
AND and OR Gates	610	(7)
NAND and NOR Gates	617	(2)
The XOR (Exlusive OR) Gate	619	(1)
Karnaugh Maps and Logic Design	620	(14)
Sum-of-Products Realizations	627	(1)
Product-of-Sums Realizations	627	(4)
Don't Care Conditions	631	(3)
Combinational Logic Modules	634	(13)
Multiplexers	634	(1)
Read-Only Memory (ROM)	635	(3)
Decorders and Read and Write Memory	638	(9)
Digital Systems	647	(42)
Sequential Logic Modules	648	(16)
Latches and Flip-Flops	648	(7)
Digital Counters	655	(7)
Registers	662	(2)
Sequential Logic Design	664	(3)
Microcomputers	667	(3)
Microcomputer Architecture	670	(1)
Microcontrollers	671	(9)
Computer Architecture	672	(2)
Number Systems and Number Codes in Digital Computers	674	(1)
Memory Organization	675	(2)
Operation of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)	677	(1)
Interrupts	678	(1)
Instruction Set for the MC68HC05 Microcontroller	679	(1)
Programming and Application Development in a Microcontroller	680	(1)
A Typical Automotive Engine Microcontroller	680	(9)
General Description	680	(1)
Processor Section	681	(1)
Memory	682	(2)
Inputs	684	(1)
Outputs	685	(4)
Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements	689	(77)
Measurement Systems and Transducers	690	(5)
Measurement Systems	690	(1)
Sensor Classification	690	(1)
Motion and Dimensional Measurements	691	(1)
Force, Torque, and Pressure Measurements	691	(2)
Flow Measurements	693	(1)
Temperature Measurements	693	(2)
Wiring, Grounding, and Noise	695	(4)
Signal Sources and Measurement System Configurations	695	(2)
Noise Sources and Coupling Mechanisms	697	(1)
Noise Reduction	698	(1)
Signal Conditioning	699	(14)
Instrumentation Amplifiers	699	(5)
Active Filters	704	(9)
Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion	713	(14)
Digital-to-Analog Converters	714	(4)
Analog-to-Digital Converters	718	(5)
Data Acquisition Systems	723	(4)
Comparator and Timing Circuits	727	(15)
The Op-Amp Comparator	728	(3)
The Schmitt Trigger	731	(4)
The Op-Amp Astable Multivibrator	735	(2)
The Op-Amp Monostable Multivibrator (One-Shot)	737	(3)
Timer ICs: The NE555	740	(2)
Other Instrumentation Integrated Circuits Amplifiers	742	(6)
DACs and ADCs	743	(1)
Frequency-to-Voltage, Voltage-to-Frequency Converters and Phase-Locked Loops	743	(1)
Other Sensor and Signal Conditioning Circuits	743	(5)
Data Transmission in Digital Instruments	748	(18)
The IEEE 488 Bus	749	(4)
The RS-232 Standard	753	(13)
PART III ELECTROMECHANICS	766	(167)
Principles of Electromechanics	767	(60)
Electricity and Magnetism	768	(11)
The Magnetic Field and Faraday's Law	768	(3)
Self- and Mutual Inductance	771	(4)
Ampere's Law	775	(4)
Magnetic Circuits	779	(14)
Magnetic Materials and B-H Circuits	793	(2)
Transformers	795	(4)
Electromechanical Energy Conversion	799	(28)
Forces in Magnetic Structures	800	(1)
Moving-Iron Transducers	800	(9)
Moving-Coil Transducers	809	(18)
Introduction to Electric Machines	827	(62)
Rotating Electric Machines	828	(12)
Basic Classification of Electric Machines	828	(2)
Performance Characteristics of Electric Machines	830	(7)
Basic Operation of All Rotating Machines	837	(1)
Magnetic Poles in Electric Machines	837	(3)
Direct-Current Machines	840	(5)
Physical Structure of DC Machines	840	(2)
Configuration of DC Machines	842	(1)
DC Machine Models	842	(3)
Direct-Current Generators	845	(4)
Direct-Current Motors	849	(13)
Speed-Torque and Dynamic Characteristics of DC Motors	850	(10)
DC Drives and DC Motor Speed Control	860	(2)
AC Machines	862	(2)
Rotating Magnetic Fields	862	(2)
The Alternator (Synchronous Generator)	864	(2)
The Synchronous Motor	866	(4)
The Induction Motor	870	(19)
Performance of Induction Motors	877	(2)
AC Motor Speed and Torque Control	879	(1)
Adjustable-Frequency Drives	880	(9)
Special-Purpose Electric Machines	889	(44)
Brushless DC Motors	890	(7)
Stepping Motors	897	(8)
Switched Reluctance Motors	905	(3)
Operating Principles of SR Machine	906	(2)
Single-Phase AC Motors	908	(15)
The Universal Motor	909	(3)
Single-Phase Induction Motors	912	(5)
Classification of Single-Phase Induction Motors	917	(5)
Summary of Single-Phase Motor Characteristics	922	(1)
Motor Selection and Application	923	(10)
Motor Performance Calculations	923	(3)
Motor Selection	926	(7)
Introduction to Communication Systems
Introduction to Communication Systems
Information, Modulation, and Carriers
Communications Channels
Classification of Communication Systems
Signals and Their Spectra
Signal Spectra
Periodic Signals: Fourier Series
Non-Periodic Signals: The Fourier Transform Bandwidth
Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation
Basic Principle of AM
AM Demodulation: Integrated Circuit Receivers
Comment on AM Applications
Frequency Modulation and Demodulation
Basic Principle of FM
FM Signal Models
FM Demodulation
Examples of Communication Systems
Global Positioning System
Sonar
Radar
Cellular Phones
Local-Area Computer Networks
Appendix A Linear Algebra and Complex Numbers	933	(8)
Appendix B Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Examination	941	(14)
Appendix C Answers to Selected Problems	955	(6)
Index	961