Principles of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning in Buildings

by Mitchell, John W.; Braun, James E.

• ISBN13: 9780470624579
• ISBN10: 0470624574
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-03-06
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning by J. W. Mitchell and J. E. Braun provides foundational knowledge for the behavior and analysis of HVAC systems and related devices. The emphasis of this text is on the application of engineering principles that features tight integration of physical descriptions with a software program that allows performance to be directly calculated, with results that provide insight into actual behavior. Furthermore, the text offers more examples, end-of-chapter problems, and design projects that represent situations an engineer might face in practice and are selected to illustrate the complex and integrated nature of an HVAC system or piece of equipment.

Author Biography

John Mitchell is an emeritus professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He received his Ph.D from Stanford University.He is currently working with Wiley on a Thermal Sciences concept inventory project.

James Braun is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at Purdue. He received his Ph.D from the University of Wisconsin in 1988. HVAC is his primary research area.

Table of Contents

Introduction to HVAC Systems	p. 1
Systems and Definitions	p. 1
History of Air Conditioning	p. 3
Trends in Energy Use and Impact	p. 5
HVAC System Design and Operation	p. 7
Energy Costs	p. 11
Book Philosophy and Organization	p. 11
Units	p. 13
Summary	p. 14
	p. 14
System Analysis Techniques and the Use of EES	p. 15
Introduction	p. 15
Introduction to EES	p. 19
Common Problems Encountered when Using EES	p. 22
Curve Fitting Using EES	p. 26
Optimization Using EES	p. 29
Successful Problem Solving Using EES	p. 31
Summary	p. 34
Problems	p. 35
Thermodynamics and Fluid Flow in HVAC Applications	p. 39
Introduction	p. 39
Conservation of Mass	p. 39
Conservation of Energy	p. 41
Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Substances	p. 43
Thermodynamic Limits on Performance	p. 45
Thermodynamic Work Relations for Pure Substances	p. 47
Thermodynamic Relations for Fluid Flow	p. 48
Energy Loss Mechanisms in Fluid Flow	p. 54
Summary	p. 59
Problems	p. 59
Heat Transfer in HVAC Applications	p. 61
Introduction	p. 61
Conduction Heat Transfer	p. 61
Convection Heat Transfer	p. 67
Thermal Radiation Heat Transfer	p. 76
Transient Heat Transfer	p. 83
Combined-Mode Heat Transfer	p. 87
Summary	p. 923
Problems	p. 92
Psychrometries for HVAC Applications	p. 95
Introduction	p. 95
Moist Air Properties	p. 95
The Psychrometric Chart	p. 102
The Standard Atmosphere	p. 103
Determining Psychrometric Properties Using EES	p. 105
Psychrometric Applications	p. 109
Heat and Mass Transfer for Air-Water Vapor Mixtures	p. 126
Summary	p. 132
Problems	p. 133
Overview of HVAC Systems	p. 137
Introduction	p. 137
Overview of HVAC Systems and Components	p. 137
Energy Comparison Between CAV and VAV Systems	p. 144
HVAC System Performance Calculations	p. 145
ASHRAE Load Calculation Equations	p. 153
HVAC System Improvements and Alternatives	p. 156
Summary	p. 167
Problems	p. 167
Thermal Comfort and Air Quality	p. 171
Introduction	p. 171
Criteria for Occupant Comfort Inside Buildings	p. 171
Criteria for Indoor Air Quality	p. 179
Summary	p. 182
Problems	p. 183
Weather Data, Statistics, and Processing	p. 185
Introduction	p. 185
Design Temperature Parameters for HVAC Systems	p. 186
Ambient Temperature and Humidity Correlations	p. 190
Degree-Day Data and Correlations	p. 195
Bin Method Data	p. 200
Ground Temperature Correlations	p. 202
Solar Radiation Fundamentals	p. 205
Clear-Sky Solar Radiation	p. 213
Weather Records	p. 216
Summary	p. 219
Problems	p. 219
Components of Building Heat Loss and Gain	p. 221
Introduction	p. 221
Thermal Resistance and Conductance of Building Elements	p. 222
Heat Flow Through Opaque Exterior Surfaces	p. 225
Liquid Distribution Systems	p. 329
Introduction	p. 329
Head Loss and Pressure Drop in Liquid Distribution Systems	p. 329
Water Distribution Systems	p. 332
Steam Distribution Systems	p. 335
Pump Characteristics	p. 338
Heat Loss and Gain for Pipes	p. 340
Summary	p. 342
Problems	p. 342
Heat Exchangers for Heating and Cooling Applications	p. 345
Introduction	p. 345
Overall Heat Transfer Conductance	p. 347
Heat Exchanger Thermal Performance	p. 349
Heating Coil Selection Process	p. 355
Cooling Coil Processes	p. 361
Cooling Coil Performance Using a Heat Transfer Analogy	p. 362
Cooling Coil Selection Procedure	p. 368
Summary	p. 376
Problems	p. 376
Cooling Towers and Desiccant Dehumidification Systems	p. 379
Introduction	p. 379
Cooling Towers	p. 379
Cooling Tower Performance using an Analogy to Heat Transfer	p. 381
Cooling Tower Selection Procedure	p. 385
Desiccant Dehumidifiers	p. 388
Desiccant Dehumidification Systems	p. 393
Summary	p. 397
Problems	p. 398
Vapor Compression Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems	p. 401
Introduction	p. 401
Vapor Compression System	p. 401
Refrigerants	p. 407
Vapor Compression System Compressors	p. 412
Vapor Compression System Performance	p. 416
Alternative Vapor Compression System Concepts	p. 421
Summary	p. 429
Problems	p. 429
Heat Pump Systems	p. 433
Introduction	p. 433
Air Source Heat Pumps	p. 435
Ground Source Heat Pumps	p. 441
Water Loop Heat Pump Systems	p. 443
Summary	p. 444
Problems	p. 444
Thermal Storage Systems	p. 447
troduction	p. 447
Ice Storage Systems	p. 451
Chilled Water Storage Systems	p. 452
Cold Air Distribution Systems	p. 453
Building Thermal Storage	p. 454
Thermal Storage Control Strategies	p. 456
Performance Characteristics of Ice Storage Tanks	p. 460
Selection of Ice Storage Capacity	p. 466
Summary	p. 471
Problems	p. 471
Introduction	p. 523
Introduction to Optimal Operation of HVAC Systems	p. 525
Optimization Statement for All-Electric Cooling Plants Without Storage	p. 531
Model-based Optimization Procedure	p. 531
Quadratic Optimization Procedure	p. 533
Simplified Control Strategies for System Components	p. 536
Optimization Statement for All-Electric Cooling Plants with Storage	p. 544
Simplified Control Strategies for Systems with Storage	p. 545
Methods for Forecasting Building Loads	p. 548
Summary	p. 550
Problems	p. 551
Designing HVAC Systems	p. 555
Introduction	p. 555
Design Methodology	p. 555
Life-Cycle Cost	p. 562
Rules of Thumb	p. 564
Design Problems for the Students	p. 565
Problems	p. 566
Thermal Property Values	p. 573
Psychrometric Charts for Sea-Level Conditions	p. 575
Wall and Roof Property Data	p. 577
	p. 583
Nomenclature	p. 589
Index	p. 595
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