Professional Apache Geronimo

by Jeff Genender; Bruce Snyder; Sing Li

• ISBN13: 9780471785439
• ISBN10: 0471785431
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-10-01
• Publisher: Wrox

Summary

Geronimo is a popular production-grade Open Source J2EE 1.4 certified server available free of charge. It is the only server of its kind licensed under the Apache Software License 2.0, allowing free adaptation and modification for commercial or non-commercial use. The server is well-supported internationally by a large base of users, developers, and support vendors. Geronimo can host a variety of server applications. It comes equipped with a relational database server and message broker, enabling you to immediately deploy your enterprise applications. With all this potential, getting started with Geronimo can be a daunting task. This team of experienced authors has crafted a book to make your experience with Geronimo go smoothly -- and they've packed it with numerous examples of configuration and deployment for the Geronimo server. Whether you've been using a commercial J2EE server or this is your first encounter with an application server, you'll quickly learn what Geronimo can do for your environment. What you will learn from this book * How to configure and deploy a J2EE application on Geronimo * Ways to download, install, configure, and secure the server * Expert tips on server customization and tuning * How to use the various administrative, management, and troubleshooting tools that accompany Geronimo * How to take advantage of the highly modular architecture of the Geronimo server, and how it works inside Who this book is for This book is for managers, administrators, and developers who are either considering Geronimo for possible production deployment, or are already using Geronimo and are looking for a way to kick-start the implementation process. Wrox Professional guides are planned and written by working programmers to meet the real-world needs of programmers, developers, and IT professionals. Focused and relevant, they address the issues technology professionals face every day. They provide examples, practical solutions, and expert education in new technologies, all designed to help programmers do a better job.

Author Biography

Jeff Genender has more than 17 years of software architecture, team lead, and development experience in multiple industries. He is a frequent speaker on topics pertaining to Enterprise Service Buses (ESBs), Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), and application servers. Jeff is an active committer and Project Management Committee (PMC) member for Apache Geronimo, as well as a committer on OpenEJB, ServiceMix, and Mojo (Maven plugins). Jeff also serves as a member of the Java Community Process (JCP) expert group for JSR-244 (Java Platform, Enterprise Edition 5 [Java EE 5] Specification) as a representative of the Apache Software Foundation. Jeff is an Open Source evangelist and has successfully brought Open Source development efforts, initiatives, and success stories into a number of Global 2000 companies, saving these organizations millions of dollars in licensing costs.

Bruce Snyder is a 10-year veteran of enterprise software development and a recognized leader in Open Source software. Bruce has experience in a wide range of technologies, including Java Enterprise Edition (EE), Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), and Enterprise Service Buses (ESBs). In addition to his role as a senior architect for LogicBlaze, Bruce is also a founding member of Apache Geronimo and a developer for Apache ActiveMQ, Apache ServiceMix, and Castor, among other things. Bruce also serves as a member of a few JCP expert groups JSR-221 (JDBC 4.0), JSR-243 (Java Data Objects 2.0) and JSR-291 (Dynamic Component Support for Java). In addition, Bruce is also a speaker at industry conferences, including The ServerSide Java Symposium, Java in Action, JavaOne, ApacheCon, JAOO, SOAWeb Services Edge, No Fluff Just Stuff, and various Java user groups.

Sing Li (who was bitten by the microcomputer bug in the late 1970s) has grown up with the Microprocessor Age. His first personal computer was a $99 do-it-yourself Netronics COSMIC ELF computer with 256 bytes of memory, mail ordered from the back pages of Popular Electronics magazine. A 20-year industry veteran, Sing is a system developer, Open Source software contributor, and freelance writer specializing in Java technology and embedded and distributed systems architecture. He regularly writes for several popular technical journals and e-zines, and is the creator of the “Internet Global Phone,” one of the very first Internet phones available. He has authored and coauthored a number of books across diverse technical disciplines including Geronimo, Tomcat, JSP, servlets, XML, Jini, media streaming, device drivers, and JXTA.

Table of Contents

Introduction	xxi
Getting Started with Geronimo	1	(14)
Where to Find Geronimo	1	(5)
Geronimo Build and Releases	3	(2)
Binary versus Source Download	5	(1)
Jetty versus Tomcat Binary Downloads	5	(1)
Full Installation versus Minimal Little-G Server	6	(1)
Before Installing Geronimo	6	(2)
Hardware Platform Requirements	6	(1)
JVM Requirement	7	(1)
Installing the Geronimo Server	8	(4)
Customizing Geronimo after Installation	8	(1)
The config.xml File	8	(2)
Running the Geronimo Server	10	(1)
Verifying Your Installation of Geronimo	11	(1)
Summary	12	(3)
Basic Geronimo Configuration	15	(24)
Deploying Your First Geronimo Application	16	(7)
Deploying Applications with the Geronimo Deployer Tool	17	(3)
Application Deployment Using the Geronimo Web Console	20	(3)
Geronimo and J2EE Software Components	23	(3)
Standard Deployment Descriptors	24	(1)
Geronimo-Specific Deployment Descriptors	25	(1)
External Deployment Plan	26	(1)
Loading, Starting, and Stopping Components	26	(11)
The Geronimo Component Lifecycle	28	(2)
Making Basic Configuration Changes to Modules	30	(7)
Summary	37	(2)
Apache and Geronimo	39	(14)
The Organization behind Geronimo	39	(9)
Founded on World's Most Popular Web Server	40	(1)
Apache Software Foundation	41	(1)
Geronimo Has Inherited the Apache Spirit	42	(1)
Geronimo As a Top-Level ASF Project	43	(5)
Understanding Open Source Software Licenses	48	(3)
The MIT License	49	(1)
The BSD License	49	(1)
The New BSD License	49	(1)
GNU's General Public License	50	(1)
LGPL	50	(1)
Apache License 2.0	50	(1)
Interpreting the Licenses	51	(1)
Summary	51	(2)
Geronimo's J2EE 1.4 Components	53	(22)
Geronimo and the J2EE Tiered Architecture	54	(1)
Geronimo's Web Tier	55	(3)
Components Deployable at the Web Tier	56	(1)
Tomcat and Jetty --- Web-Tier Containers	57	(1)
The Business Tier	58	(3)
Components Deployable at the Business Tier	58	(1)
Deployable Module at Geronimo's Business Tier	59	(1)
Deploying EJBs As Part of an Enterprise Application	60	(1)
OpenEJB at the Business Tier	60	(1)
ActiveMQ at the Business Tier	60	(1)
The EIS Tier	61	(2)
ActiveMQ at the EIS Tier	62	(1)
Derby at the EIS Tier	63	(1)
JavaMail for Integration to Email Systems	63	(1)
Web Services	63	(3)
AXIS and Web Services	64	(1)
Geronimo Web Services Integration	64	(2)
UDDI Support	66	(1)
Interoperability Features	66	(2)
Difference between J2EE EIS Tier and Interoperability	67	(1)
CORBA Interoperability	67	(1)
Support for Application Clients	68	(2)
Geronimo Container Services	70	(3)
Naming and Directory Service	70	(1)
Transaction	71	(1)
Security	71	(1)
Manageability	72	(1)
Configuration Management	72	(1)
Summary	73	(2)
Geronimo Architecture and Directory Structure	75	(24)
GBeans in Geronimo	76	(2)
GBeans and Modules	77	(1)
GBeans and Manageability	78	(1)
Geronimo Modules and Assemblies	78	(2)
Geronimo Directory Structure	80	(18)
The Installation Directory	80	(1)
The bin Directory	80	(1)
The deploy Directory	81	(1)
The docs Directory	81	(1)
The lib Directory	81	(2)
The repository Directory	83	(7)
The schema Directory	90	(3)
The var Directory	93	(5)
Summary	98	(1)
The Geronimo Deployer	99	(18)
Getting Acquainted with the Deployer	100	(4)
Deploying Modules to a Geronimo Server Instance	100	(1)
The JSR-88 Personality of the Command-Line Deployer	101	(1)
The Benefits of JSR-88	102	(1)
Support for Offline Installation Mode	103	(1)
Using the Deployer	104	(11)
Deployer General Options	105	(1)
Deployer Commands	106	(5)
The Maven Deployment Plug-In	111	(4)
Summary	115	(2)
Using the Geronimo Debug Console and jconsole	117	(30)
Debug Console Architecture	118	(1)
JMX Overview	118	(3)
The JMX Levels	119	(1)
Instrumentation Level	119	(1)
Agent Level	120	(1)
Distributed Services Level	121	(1)
JSR-77 Overview	121	(7)
Management EJB	121	(2)
Object Names in JSR-77	123	(4)
JSR-77 Manageable States	127	(1)
Installing the Debug Console	128	(1)
Starting the Debug Console	128	(7)
Starting the jconsole JMX Console	129	(3)
Accessing the Debug Console	132	(1)
Filtering the Components That Are Displayed	133	(2)
Troubleshooting a Deployment --- An Example	135	(9)
Checking Console Output	136	(1)
Examining the Geronimo Log File	137	(2)
Correcting the Deployment Plan	139	(1)
Querying Components from a Deployed Application on the Debug Console	140	(2)
Viewing the Attributes of a Geronimo Managed Object	142	(2)
Summary	144	(3)
Geronimo Web Console	147	(28)
Using the Web Console	148	(2)
Web Console Architecture	148	(1)
Logging on to the Web Console	148	(1)
Adding More Console Users	149	(1)
Navigating the Server's Functional Menus	150	(9)
Obtaining System Information on the Geronimo Server	150	(1)
Viewing Java Virtual Machine Properties	151	(1)
Viewing and Searching Log Files	151	(2)
Shutting Down the Server	153	(1)
Configuring Web Server Connectors	154	(2)
Configuring and Controlling the ActiveMQ JMS Server	156	(1)
Monitoring Thread Pools	157	(1)
Exposing Geronimo Applications via a Web Server	158	(1)
Navigating the Services Functional Menus	159	(5)
Installing Artifacts into the Geronimo Repository	159	(3)
Installing Database Pools	162	(1)
Creating JMS Resource Groups	163	(1)
Deploying and Managing Applications	164	(4)
Deploying Applications	164	(2)
Managing Deployed Modules	166	(2)
Working with Geronimo Plug-Ins	168	(2)
Security Configuration	170	(2)
Configuration of Console Realm	170	(1)
Security Realm Configuration	170	(1)
Keystore Configuration	171	(1)
Embedded Database	172	(2)
Obtaining Database Information	172	(1)
Database Manager Portlet	173	(1)
Summary	174	(1)
Geronimo Deployment Plans	175	(8)
Deployment Descriptors and Plans	175	(5)
The Geronimo Deployable Modules	176	(1)
Standard J2EE Deployment Descriptors	176	(2)
Deployment Plans Naming	178	(1)
Deployment Plan Internal to the Module	179	(1)
The Geronimo Deployment Architecture	180	(2)
Deployed Module in the Repository	180	(1)
Assignment of Module IDs	181	(1)
Summary	182	(1)
Web Container Configuration and Jetty	183	(24)
Web Container --- Jetty or Tomcat	184	(6)
Running Both Jetty and Tomcat at the Same Time?	184	(6)
Configuring Web Applications	190	(10)
Geronimo-Specific Web App Deployment Plan	190	(1)
Deploying/Undeploying/Starting/Stopping Applications	191	(2)
Web Descriptor Namespace Versions	193	(7)
Jetty GBeans	200	(6)
Summary	206	(1)
Tomcat Web Container Configuration	207	(34)
Using Tomcat in Geronimo	208	(1)
Running and Verifying Tomcat	208	(1)
Configuring Tomcat	209	(30)
Tomcat Architecture Overview	210	(1)
Geronimo Tomcat Configuration	211	(28)
Summary	239	(2)
Deploying Enterprise Applications (EAR) with OpenEJB	241	(36)
The J2EE Model for EJB Access	242	(5)
Web-Tier EJB and Resource References	243	(1)
External References in EJB JAR Files	244	(1)
Resolving Local References within an EAR Module	245	(1)
Mapping External References	246	(1)
Example of Deploying Session and Entity EJBs	247	(18)
Deploying Session and CMP Entity Beans	248	(6)
The openejb-jar.xml Deployment Plan	254	(3)
Resolving EJB References in Geronimo	257	(1)
Mapping Internal EJB References	258	(1)
Mapping External EJB References	258	(1)
General Configuration Concerns	259	(1)
Informing the Container of Components to Deploy	259	(1)
Creating Derby Databases for the CMP Entity Bean	260	(2)
Configuring Transactions	262	(3)
JavaMail Support	265	(3)
JavaMail Transports	265	(1)
MailSession GBean	266	(1)
Enabling JavaMail System Module via config.xml	266	(1)
Reference to the Container-Managed JavaMail Session	267	(1)
Linking to the Container-Managed JavaMail Session	267	(1)
Working with the Database Connections Pool	268	(6)
Trying Out the Example	272	(2)
The Geronimo Client Container	274	(1)
Summary	275	(2)
Configuring and Deploying JDBC Resources with PostgreSQL	277	(28)
Architecture	278	(1)
Starting PostgreSQL	279	(1)
J2EE Connector Architecture and JDBC Resources	280	(1)
The Resource Adapter Archive	280	(1)
Configuring JDBC Resources	281	(8)
Creating a JDBC Deployment Plan for PostgreSQL	288	(1)
Deploying JDBC Resources	289	(8)
Using the Geronimo Deployer	290	(1)
Using the Geronimo Console	291	(6)
Additional Functionality in the Geronimo Console	297	(1)
Highly Available PostgreSQL with Sequoia	297	(6)
Configuring a Clustered PostgreSQL	299	(1)
The Sequoia Configuration	300	(3)
Deploying the Clustered PostgreSQL Deployment Plan	303	(1)
Summary	303	(2)
Deploying Web Services and CORBA Interoperation	305	(32)
Web Services Fundamentals	306	(5)
Anatomy of a Web Service	306	(1)
XML, SOAP, and JAX-RPC	307	(2)
Service Endpoint Interface (SEI)	309	(1)
Web Services and Geronimo	310	(1)
Example 1: Deploying a Web Service WAR on Geronimo	311	(9)
The webservices.xml Web Service Deployment Descriptor	312	(3)
The web.xml Deployment Descriptor for JAX-RPC Web Service	315	(1)
Optional <service-ref> for Client Access to External Web Services	316	(1)
Creating a Cross-Server-Compatible Web Service WAR	316	(1)
Specifying the Context Root for the Web Service	317	(1)
Deploying the Web Service	318	(1)
Trying Out the Example with a Standalone Web Service Client	319	(1)
Example 2: Deploying a Stateless Session EJB As a Web Service	320	(4)
Adding the WSDL and JAX-RPC Mapping Files	321	(1)
Configuring for EJB-Based Web Service Implementation	321	(1)
Mapping a Session Bean to a Service Endpoint	322	(1)
Providing a Deployment Context for the Web Service	323	(1)
Trying Out the Example	323	(1)
CORBA Concepts	324	(5)
CORBA versus Web Services: Similar Yet Different	324	(1)
Interface Definition Language	325	(1)
ORB and CORBA Services	326	(1)
GIOP and IIOP	327	(1)
Simplifying Java-Based CORBA Interoperation	327	(2)
Example 3: Exposing a Session EJB As a CORBA Component	329	(7)
CORBA 2.3 Security	329	(1)
Geronimo Support for CSIv2 Security	329	(1)
Configuring Server-Side CSIv2 Security	330	(1)
Configuring Client-Side CSIv2 Security	331	(1)
CORBA Client Support	332	(2)
Specifying Dependency on Parent Modules	334	(1)
Configuring ORB Parameters via config.xml	335	(1)
Trying Out the Example	335	(1)
Summary	336	(1)
Security	337	(54)
Importance of a Security Subsystem	338	(1)
Geronimo Security Architecture	338	(7)
Authentication	339	(1)
Authorization	339	(1)
Security Realms and Login Domains	340	(1)
JAAS Login Modules	341	(1)
The GenericSecurityRealm	341	(3)
Authorization and JACC	344	(1)
Configuring JAAS Login Modules	345	(28)
J2SE JAAS Login Modules Configuration	345	(1)
Configuration JAAS Login Modules in Geronimo	346	(6)
Login Modules	352	(11)
Simplifying LoginModule Configuration with the xml-reference login-config	363	(5)
Configuring Your Realm --- The Really Easy Way	368	(5)
Deployment and the Server Security Plan	373	(1)
Using Security in Applications	373	(15)
Web Security	374	(2)
EJB Security	376	(2)
Security Descriptor and Declaration	378	(10)
Locking Down Geronimo	388	(1)
Summary	389	(2)
Configuring, Deploying, and Using JMS Resources with Apache ActiveMQ	391	(32)
The ActiveMQ Message Broker Architecture	391	(2)
ActiveMQ Message Broker Configuration	393	(13)
Customizing the Message Broker	397	(4)
Deploying a Message Broker Configuration	401	(4)
Managing ActiveMQ from the Geronimo Console	405	(1)
The ActiveMQ Resource Adapter	406	(1)
JMS Resources	406	(1)
ActiveMQ Resource Adapter Configuration	407	(15)
Deploying JMS Resources	413	(2)
Creating JMS Resource Groups in the Geronimo Console	415	(7)
Deployment Scope	422	(1)
Summary	422	(1)
Appendix A: Geronimo Deployment Plans Cross-Reference	423	(12)
Deploying Web-Tier Applications --- geronimo-web.xml	424	(2)
Reference Namespaces	424	(1)
Top-Level Elements	424	(2)
Deploying Business-Tier EJBs --- openejb-jar.xml	426	(1)
Reference Namespaces	426	(1)
Top-Level Elements	426	(1)
Deploying EIS-Tier JCA connectors --- geronimo-ra.xml	427	(2)
Reference Namespaces	428	(1)
Top-Level Elements	428	(1)
Deploying Enterprise Applications --- geronimo-application.xml	429	(1)
Reference Namespaces	429	(1)
Top-Level Elements	429	(1)
Deploying J2EE Application Clients --- geronimo-application-client.xml	430	(2)
Reference Namespaces	431	(1)
J2EE Standard Specification Schemas for Deployment Descriptors	432	(3)
Appendix B: Run-Time Deployer Command Reference	435	(12)
The Command-Line Deployer	436	(8)
Available Options	436	(3)
Available Commands	439	(5)
Deployment Using GUI Web Console	444	(1)
Auto Deployment Using the Hot Deployer	445	(2)
Index	447