Public Information Technology and E-Governance: Managing the Virtual State

by Garson, G. David

• ISBN13: 9780763734688
• ISBN10: 0763734683
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-23
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

Written by a leading scholar of public information systems, Public Information Technology and E-Governance is a comprehensive, well-balanced and up-to-date resource on public information technology and e-government. Based on thousands of academic and practitioner studies and reports, this book provides policy information on e-democracy, access issues, privacy, security, regulatory, enforcement and taxation issues, As well as management information on business plans, public-private partnerships, strategic planning, project management, implementation factors, and evaluation. An excellent text or reference, this book features several chapter case studies, a glossary, discussion questions, and chapter summaries to maximize comprehension of the subject.  

Table of Contents

Preface	xi
Contributor List	xv
PART I: INTRODUCTION	1	(58)
The Vision of E-Governance	3	(26)
Competing Theories of Information Technology and Change	5	(2)
The Global Village (1964)	7	(2)
The Network Nation (1978)	9	(3)
The Electronic Cottage in the Infosphere (1980)	12	(1)
The Network Society (1996)	13	(2)
Smart Communities (1997)	15	(3)
Digital Places (2000)	18	(1)
E-Government and E-Governance (2000--2002)	18	(6)
Summary	24	(1)
Discussion Questions	25	(1)
Glossary	25	(4)
A Brief History of Public-Sector Information Technology Policy	29	(30)
War and Cold War: Origins of Information Technology Infrastructure in the United States	31	(2)
Establishing the Architecture of Federal Information Policy, 1946--1980	33	(2)
From BITNET to FirstGov: Growth of the Internet, 1981--2000	35	(3)
Policy Issues in the Information Age, 1986--2005	38	(5)
Securing E-Government, 1986--2005	43	(3)
Building the Virtual State, 1990--2005	46	(7)
Summary	53	(1)
Discussion Questions	54	(1)
Glossary	55	(4)
PART II: POLITICS & POLICY	59	(200)
E-Democracy	61	(36)
E-Activism	64	(5)
E-Campaigning	69	(3)
E-Voting	72	(5)
E-Legislating	77	(3)
E-Civics	80	(3)
E-Participation	83	(4)
Summary	87	(1)
Discussion Questions	88	(1)
Glossary	89	(3)
Case Study: Virginia.gov: The Official Homepage of the Commonwealth of Virginia	92	(5)
Todd Loendorf
Information Equality and the Digital Divide	97	(22)
The American Digital Divide in Information Access by Group	98	(8)
The Digital Divide by Gender	100	(2)
The Digital Divide by Race	102	(2)
The Digital Divide by Income	104	(1)
The Digital Divide and Senior Americans	105	(1)
The American Digital Divide: Summary	106	(1)
The International Digital Divide in Information Access	106	(3)
Beyond Access: Deeper Forms of Information Equality	109	(1)
Public Policies to Remediate Information Inequality	110	(2)
Summary	112	(1)
Discussion Questions	113	(1)
Glossary	114	(2)
Case Study: Follow the Money: Assessing the Allocation of E-Rate Funds	116	(3)
Costas Panagopoulos
Information Access and Governmental Transparency	119	(32)
Freedom of Information	121	(8)
Commercial Access Rights	129	(2)
Disability Access	131	(2)
Obstacles to Information Access: Security	133	(2)
Obstacles to Information Access: Privacy	135	(1)
Other Obstacles to Information Access	136	(1)
Summary	137	(2)
Discussion Questions	139	(1)
Glossary	140	(2)
Case Study: Obstacles or Access: Reconsidering Anonymous Access to Government Information in a Post-September 11 Environment	142	(9)
Charles N. Davis
Information Technology and Privacy	151	(38)
Computer Surveillance	153	(3)
Privacy Legislation and Executive Actions	156	(6)
Agency Data Sharing and Matching	162	(6)
Privacy Impact Statements	168	(3)
The National ID Controversy	171	(2)
Privacy, Governmental Outsourcing, and Private Sector Data Mining	173	(3)
Summary	176	(3)
Discussion Questions	179	(1)
Glossary	179	(3)
Case Study: The Mother Robinson Black Beaufort Cares Network: Security, Privacy, and Confidentiality in a Shared Human Service Information System	182	(7)
James P. Glasson
Lynn M. Mulkey
Randolph Hawkins
Dennis Betz
William Dougan
Security Policy	189	(36)
Legislation and Executive Branch Actions	190	(4)
Homeland Security	194	(4)
Infrastructure Protection and Cybercrime	198	(3)
Encryption	201	(2)
Authentication	203	(2)
Federal ID Cards	205	(2)
Agency-Level Security Policies	207	(6)
Summary	213	(4)
Discussion Questions	217	(1)
Glossary	218	(1)
Case Study: Telework Security	219	(6)
Loreen Marie Butcher-Powell
Regulation and Taxation Issues	225	(34)
Internet Taxation	225	(2)
Regulation of the IT Sector	227	(7)
Antitrust Action	228	(3)
The Open Source Debate	231	(3)
Regulation of E-Commerce and Computer Fraud	234	(4)
Protecting Intellectual Property	238	(4)
Regulation of Pornography on the Web	242	(4)
Regulation of E-Gambling	246	(2)
Summary	248	(2)
Discussion Questions	250	(1)
Glossary	251	(1)
Case Study: Tax Policy in the Virtual State: A Case Study of the Michigan Department of Treasury	252	(7)
Dale K. Nesbary
PART III: MANAGEMENT	259	(124)
The E-Government Business Model	261	(20)
E-Commerce Models vs. E-Government Models	262	(8)
E-Government Business Planning Today	270	(2)
Summary	272	(2)
Discussion Questions	274	(1)
Glossary	274	(2)
Case Study: Digital Buildings: Transforming the Permitting Business Process	276	(5)
Jennifer Kurtz
Partnering, Outsourcing, Contracting, and Procurement	281	(32)
Partnering	282	(2)
Outsourcing	284	(8)
Contract Management	292	(5)
Performance-Based Service Contracts (PBSC)	295	(2)
Share-in-Savings Contract (SISC)	297	(1)
Procurement	298	(4)
E-Procurement	300	(2)
Summary	302	(1)
Discussion Questions	303	(1)
Glossary	304	(2)
Case Study: Issues in IT Procurement, Contracting, and Partnerships: A Short Case Study from the Department of Information Systems and Services, Orange County, Florida	306	(7)
Ronnie L. Korosec
Planning for Public Information Systems	313	(36)
The Role of the Federal CIO	314	(2)
Strategic Planning	316	(4)
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)	319	(1)
The Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA)	320	(10)
Portfolio Management	330	(1)
Risk Management	331	(3)
Records Management	334	(3)
Summary	337	(1)
Discussion Questions	338	(1)
Glossary	339	(2)
Case Study: Platforms and Planning: Pennsylvania's Transition to Enterprise Computing	341	(8)
Steve Sawyer
Charles Christopher Hinnant
Tracey E. Rizzuto
Needs Assessment and Project Management	349	(34)
Needs Assessment	350	(6)
Information Collection	351	(2)
Problem Identification and Prioritization	353	(1)
Researching Solutions	354	(2)
Seeking Consensus	356	(1)
Business Process Analysis	356	(3)
Feasibility Studies	359	(2)
The Role of the Project Manager	361	(3)
Project Management Protocols	364	(4)
Summary	368	(1)
Discussion Questions	369	(1)
Glossary	370	(1)
Appendix: Clinger-Cohen Assessment Survey	371	(8)
Case Study: Improving Public Sector Needs Assessments in a Small City	379	(4)
Paul K. Dezendorf
Tracy Leigh Jenkins
PART IV: IMPLEMENTATION	383	(60)
Implementation Success Factors	385	(30)
Why Information Technology Projects Fail	387	(6)
Complexity	389	(1)
Commitment Failure	389	(1)
Planning Failure	390	(1)
Vision Failure	390	(1)
Inappropriate Methods	391	(1)
Short Time Horizon	391	(1)
Turbulent Environments	391	(1)
Failure to Support End Users	391	(2)
Internal Success Factors	393	(7)
Management Support	393	(1)
Stakeholder Motivation	394	(1)
Goal Clarity	395	(1)
Support for Organizational Culture	395	(1)
Participatory Implementation	395	(1)
User Friendliness	396	(1)
Adequate Budgeting and Time Horizon	397	(1)
Phased Implementation	397	(1)
Process and Software Reengineering	397	(1)
Project Management	398	(1)
Other Success Factors	398	(2)
The Role of Training	400	(2)
External Success Factors	402	(1)
Partnerships with Vendors and Other Strategic Partners	402	(1)
Independence from Vendors	402	(1)
Accountability to the Political Layer	403	(1)
Summary	403	(5)
Goal-Setting Limits	405	(1)
Subjectivity Limits	405	(1)
Complexity Limits	406	(1)
Cost Limits	406	(1)
Motivation Limits	406	(1)
Human Resource Limits	407	(1)
Human Error Limits	407	(1)
Discussion Questions	408	(1)
Glossary	409	(1)
Case Study: Success Factors of the Homeless Information Management System (HIMS)	410	(5)
Jennifer Powers
Evaluation of Public Information Systems	415	(28)
Strategies for Evaluating Public Information Technology	416	(2)
Questions Regarding Measurement of Benefits	417	(1)
Questions Regarding Measurement of Costs	418	(1)
The Private Sector Model: Return on Investment	418	(2)
Evolution of a Public Sector Model for IT Evaluation	420	(10)
Traditional Value-Ranking Methods	423	(2)
Value-Measuring Methodology (VMM)	425	(2)
The Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART)	427	(1)
The Performance Reference Model (PRM)	428	(1)
Other Models	429	(1)
Evaluation of Governmental Web Sites	430	(4)
Summary	434	(2)
Discussion Questions	436	(1)
Glossary	436	(1)
Case Study: Evaluating City Web Sites Using Focus Groups	437	(6)
Alana Northrop
PART V: PUBLIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR, AND ORGANIZATION THEORY	443	(34)
Organization Behavior and Organization Theory	445	(32)
Effects of IT on Organizational Structure	446	(9)
Flattening Organizational Structures by Shrinking Middle Management?	446	(2)
Deterritorializing Organizations Through Telework?	448	(2)
Centralizing or Decentralizing Organizational Structure?	450	(3)
Reinforcing or Eroding Organizational Power Structures?	453	(2)
Effects of IT on Organizational Behavior	455	(3)
Does IT Weaken Organizational Norms Through Deindividuation?	455	(1)
Does IT Intensify Social Networking and thus Build Social Capital?	456	(1)
Does IT Improve Managerial Decision Making?	457	(1)
IT and Theories of Organizational Change	458	(5)
Does IT Promote the Diffusion of Innovation?	458	(2)
Is IT Linked to Organizational Evolution Toward the Consolidation of Control?	460	(3)
Summary	463	(5)
Discussion Questions	468	(1)
Glossary	468	(2)
Case Study: Communities of Practice---An Australian Case Study: Leveraging Knowledge by Complementing Technology with Social Participative Learning	470	(7)
Sandra Jones
Owen Lockwood
References	477	(40)
Index	517