Reading and Writing in the Academic Community

by Kennedy, Mary Lynch; Smith, Hadley M.

• ISBN13: 9780205689460
• ISBN10: 0205689469
• Edition: 4th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2009-07-09
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Reading and Writing in the Academic Communityis a comprehensive rhetoric with engaging, timely readings. The authors wrote their book to include more coverage of the writing process to better meet the needs of students than other books in this market. The text presents the major types of academic writing students encounter as undergraduates while giving full consideration to the writing process and the basics of rhetoric. This text makes few assumptions about students'prior academic experience and provides explicit, step-by-step instruction in paraphrasing, summarizing, quoting, writing essays in response to readings, composing synthesis essays, and using sources to compose comparison-and-contrast essays, argument essays, analysis essays, evaluation essays, and research papers.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
The Composing Process	p. 1
Writing as Process	p. 2
Resistance to Process Writing	p. 3
Prewriting	p. 5
Analyze the Assignment	p. 6
Establish a Focus	p. 8
Read and Respond to Sources	p. 9
Drafting	p. 10
Develop a Thesis	p. 10
Select an Organizational Plan	p. 15
Write a First Draft	p. 17
Revising	p. 27
First Draft	p. 29
Revised Draft	p. 31
Revise the Title and Opening	p. 33
Revise the Body Paragraphs	p. 33
Revise the Conclusion	p. 34
Add Attribution	p. 34
Improve Focus and Development	p. 34
Improve Cohesion	p. 34
Move from Writer-Based to Reader-Based Prose	p. 36
Revise Sentences for Clarity and Style	p. 38
Proofreading	p. 39
Spelling	p. 41
A Word About Auto Correct	p. 41
Submitting the Final Draft	p. 41
A Summary of the Writing Process	p. 42
Reading Sources and Incorporating Them into Your Writing	p. 49
Reading Sources	p. 50
Reading Academic Texts	p. 50
A Comprehensive Strategy for the Reading Process	p. 52
Reading for Content	p. 52
Reading for Genre, Organization, and Stylistic Features	p. 59
Reading for Rhetorical Context	p. 67
Reading and Interpretation	p. 72
Tackling Difficult Course Readings	p. 74
Paraphasing, Quoting, and Acknowledging Sources	p. 79
Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting	p. 79
Setting Rhetorical Goals	p. 79
Considering Your Audience	p. 82
Identifying Your Sources	p. 84
Avoiding Plagiarism	p. 89
The Paraphrasing Process	p. 90
Strategies for Paraphrasing	p. 91
Direct Quoting	p. 98
Reasons for Direct Quoting	p. 98
Altering Quotations	p. 100
Documenting Quotations	p. 102
Weaving Quotations into Your Essay	p. 104
Incorporating Quotations and Paraphrases into Essays	p. 107
Summarizing Sources	p. 111
The Summarizing Process	p. 111
Creating a Graphic Overview	p. 112
Compressing Information	p. 116
Creating a Sentence Outline	p. 120
Documenting Summaries	p. 122
Incorporating Summaries into Your Essays	p. 123
The Summary Essay	p. 125
Responding to, Analyzing, and Evaluating Sources	p. 139
Responding to Sources	p. 140
Response Essays: An Introduction	p. 140
Writing Response Essays	p. 146
Prewriting	p. 146
Drafting	p. 157
Revising	p. 158
Expanding Your Rhetorical Goal	p. 159
Analyzing and Evaluating Sources	p. 169
Analysis and Evaluation as Opposed to Response	p. 169
Rhetorical Analysis	p. 171
Writing a Rhetorical Analysis Essay	p. 174
Prewriting	p. 174
Drafting	p. 180
Revising	p. 180
Editing	p. 181
Evaluation	p. 182
Writing an Evaluation Essay	p. 191
Prewriting	p. 191
Drafting	p. 195
Revising	p. 195
Editing	p. 196
Analysis and Evaluation of Images	p. 196
In-Depth Analysis and Evaluation	p. 205
Writing an In-Depth Analysis and Evaluation	p. 220
Prewriting	p. 220
Drafting	p. 223
Revising	p. 223
Editing	p. 224
Synthesizing Sources	p. 227
Writing Multiple-Source Essays	p. 228
Comparing and Contrasting Sources	p. 228
Uses of Comparison and Contrast	p. 229
Rhetorical Purpose for Comparison-and-Contrast Essays	p. 230
Writing an Essay that Compares and Contrasts Sources	p. 236
Prewriting	p. 237
Drafting	p. 242
Revising	p. 245
Editing	p. 245
Summary of Multiple Sources	p. 248
Objective Synthesis	p. 252
Essay Written in Response to Multiple Sources	p. 258
Writing a Synthesis for a Specific Purpose	p. 264
Arguing from Sources	p. 277
The Argument Essay	p. 280
Find an Issue and Stake Out Your Position	p. 291
Formulate a Major Claim	p. 292
Develop Your Thesis	p. 293
Support Your Thesis	p. 294
Marshal Solid Evidence and Make a Strong Case	p. 295
Consider Your Audience and Identify Your Readers' Needs	p. 304
Organize and Arrange the Argument Essay	p. 305
Writing an Argument Essay	p. 313
Prewriting	p. 313
Drafting	p. 316
Revising	p. 317
Editing	p. 318
Researching Sources and Writing Research Papers	p. 319
Assignments That Require Research	p. 319
Research and the Writing Process	p. 320
Prewriting	p. 321
Set a Research Schedule	p. 321
Select a Topic	p. 323
Develop a Research Strategy	p. 325
Conduct Research in Your College Library	p. 327
Use Electronic Catalogs and Periodical Databases	p. 335
Locate Information on the World Wide Web	p. 344
Collect Information Through Surveys and Interviews	p. 352
Evaluate Information Sources	p. 353
Excerpt Relevant Information from Sources	p. 354
Drafting	p. 356
Synthesize Sources	p. 356
Argue, Analyze, and Evaluate	p. 356
Draft a Thesis	p. 356
Derive a Plan	p. 357
Create an Outline	p. 358
Write from Your Outline	p. 362
Revising	p. 362
Revise Based on Readers' Comments	p. 362
Editing	p. 363
Reading Selections	p. 377
Grades and Learning	p. 378
"Zen and the Art of Grade Motivation"	p. 379
"A Young Person's Guide to the Grading System"	p. 385
"Grades and Money"	p. 389
"Childhood Pay for Grades is Related to College Grade Point Averages"	p. 393
Cyberhood	p. 396
"Modern Romance"	p. 397
"Cyberspace and Identity"	p. 400
"Is There a There in Cyberspace?"	p. 408
Adolescent Pregnancy	p. 416
"Gloucester Girls Gone Wild"	p. 417
"Suddenly Teen Pregnancy Is Cool?"	p. 420
"Give the Girls a Break"	p. 427
"Adolescent Girls' Attitudes Toward Pregnancy: The Importance of Asking What the Boyfriend Wants"	p. 430
Creativity and Ownership	p. 441
"Why Crush Them?"	p. 442
"Control of Creativity?"	p. 444
"A Great Idea Lives Forever. Shouldn't Its Copyright?"	p. 448
"I, Me, Mine"	p. 451
Race and American Society	p. 457
"Race, Higher Education, and American Society"	p. 458
"A More Perfect Union"	p. 471
Appendices
Documenting Sources	p. 480
Editing for Correctness	p. 485
Revising for Style	p. 505
Credits	p. 517
Index	p. 521
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