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Preface to the Fourth Edition | p. ix |
Preface to the First Edition | p. xi |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Thinking About God: The Search for the Ultimate | p. 5 |
Defining Religion | p. 6 |
What Is Philosophy of Religion? | p. 8 |
The God of Theism | p. 9 |
The Religious Ambiguity of Life | p. 10 |
Our Task | p. 12 |
The Nature of Religion: What are Religious Beliefs About? | p. 16 |
Nonrealism | p. 17 |
Realism | p. 21 |
Wittgenstein | p. 22 |
Conclusion | p. 24 |
Religious Experience: What Does it Mean to Encounter the Divine? | p. 27 |
Types of Religious Experience | p. 28 |
Religious Experience as Feeling | p. 31 |
Religious Experience as Perceptual Experience | p. 33 |
Religious Experience as Interpretation Based on Religious Beliefs | p. 36 |
Can Religious Experience Justify Religious Belief? | p. 38 |
The Principle of Credulity | p. 40 |
Diversity of Religious Experiences | p. 42 |
Is There a Common Core to Religious Experience? | p. 44 |
Faith and Reason: How are They Related? | p. 52 |
Can Reason Be Trusted? | p. 53 |
Strong Rationalism | p. 54 |
Fideism | p. 58 |
Critical Rationalism | p. 61 |
The Divine Attributes: What is God Like? | p. 71 |
Perfect and Worthy of Worship | p. 73 |
Necessary and Self-Existent | p. 75 |
Personal and Free Creator | p. 77 |
All-Powerful, All-Knowing, and Perfectly Good | p. 80 |
God Eternal-Timeless or Everlasting | p. 83 |
Theistic Arguments: Is There Evidence for God's Existence? | p. 90 |
Theistic Arguments as Proofs | p. 90 |
The Ontological Argument | p. 92 |
Contemporary Versions of the Ontological Argument | p. 95 |
The Cosmological Argument | p. 96 |
The Kalam Cosmological Argument | p. 97 |
An Atheistic Argument from the Big Bang | p. 100 |
The Atemporal Cosmological Argument | p. 101 |
The Analogical Teleological Argument | p. 104 |
The Anthropic Teleological Argument | p. 106 |
The Intelligent Design Teleological Argument | p. 108 |
The Moral Argument | p. 112 |
Cumulative Case Arguments and God | p. 115 |
The God of Religion and of Philosophy | p. 116 |
Knowing God Without Arguments: Does Theism Need a Basis? | p. 123 |
Evidentialism | p. 124 |
Critique of Evidentialism | p. 125 |
Plantinga on Properly Basic Beliefs | p. 128 |
Alston on Perceiving God | p. 134 |
Plantinga on Warrant and Knowledge | p. 136 |
The Problem of Evil: The Case Against God's Existence | p. 145 |
The Logical Problem of Evil | p. 147 |
The Evidential Problem of Evil | p. 150 |
Defense and Theodicy | p. 154 |
Themes in Theodicy | p. 157 |
Some Important Global Theodicies | p. 161 |
Horrendous Evils and the Assessment of Theism | p. 165 |
Divine Action: How Does God Relate to the World? | p. 172 |
What Kind of Power Does God Exercise? | p. 173 |
What Kind of Freedom Has God Given? | p. 176 |
Does God Know What Would Have Happened? | p. 178 |
Does God Know the Actual Future? | p. 182 |
What If the Future Is Truly Open? | p. 185 |
Miracles: Does God Intervene in Earthly Affairs? | p. 192 |
Miracles Defined | p. 192 |
Miracles as Historical Events | p. 195 |
Miracles as Unexplainable Events | p. 199 |
Miracles as Acts of God | p. 201 |
Practical Considerations | p. 205 |
Life After Death: Are There Reasons for Hope? | p. 214 |
Terminology | p. 215 |
Concepts of Life After Death | p. 216 |
Personal Identity and the Soul | p. 219 |
Immortality of the Soul | p. 221 |
Criticism of the Soul-Concept | p. 222 |
The Self as a Psychophysical Unity | p. 224 |
Re-creation and Spatio-temporal Continuity | p. 226 |
A Posteriori Arguments for Life After Death | p. 230 |
A Priori Arguments for Life After Death | p. 233 |
Prospects | p. 235 |
Religious Language: How Can We Speak Meaningfully of God? | p. 241 |
Human Language and the Infinite | p. 242 |
The Classical Theory of Analogy | p. 243 |
Verification and Falsification Issues | p. 246 |
The Functions of Religious Discourse | p. 250 |
Religious Language as Symbolic | p. 253 |
Feminism and Masculine God-Talk | p. 255 |
Can Talk of God Be Literal? | p. 258 |
Religion and Science: Compatible or Incompatible? | p. 268 |
Do Religion and Science Conflict? | p. 270 |
Are Religion and Science Independent? | p. 273 |
Is Dialogue Possible? | p. 275 |
Attempts at Integration | p. 282 |
Insights | p. 284 |
Religious Diversity: How Can We Understand Differences Among Religions? | p. 290 |
Religious Diversity | p. 291 |
Exclusivism | p. 292 |
Critique of Exlusivism | p. 294 |
Exclusivism and Justified Belief | p. 295 |
Pluralism | p. 296 |
Critique of Pluralism | p. 298 |
Pluralism as a Plurality of Salvations | p. 301 |
Inclusivism | p. 303 |
Critique of Inclusivism | p. 305 |
Criteria for Assessing Religions | p. 306 |
Religious Ethics: The Relation of God to Morality | p. 313 |
The Source of Religious Ethical Truth | p. 314 |
The Authoritative Basis of Religious Ethical Truth | p. 317 |
The Acquisition of Religiously Based Ethical Truth | p. 319 |
The Significance of Religiously Based Ethical Truth | p. 323 |
Current Issues | p. 327 |
The Continuing Quest: God and the Human Venture | p. 335 |
The Intellectual Process | p. 336 |
Philosophical Activity and Religious Faith | p. 337 |
Where Do We Go from Here? | p. 339 |
Name Index | p. 343 |
Subject Index | p. 347 |
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