Residential Construction Academy

by Joyce, Michael D.

• ISBN13: 9781401848910
• ISBN10: 1401848915
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2004-11-15
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

Create a direct link between your education/training program and the residential construction industry! Training materials are now available for many of the residential crafts based on skill standards developed by the nation's leading builders and educators. The result of a strategic partnership between the National Association of Home Builder's Home Builders Institute and Delmar, the Residential Construction Academy Series is the perfect way to teach essential workplace skills to people new to the building trades. Delmar is a part of Cengage Learning. Written in partnership with the Home Builders Institute, and endorsed by NAHB, Residential Construction Academy Plumbing provides a step-by-step approach to residential plumbing installations. Focusing on the new residential construction industry, the author thoroughly explains the process of installing residential plumbing systems by exploring topics such as tools of the trade and proper safety measures and by offering various tips to increase productivity on-the-job. Logically organized to build a foundation of knowledge, the text progresses from the installation of common fixtures to troubleshooting techniques that will aid apprentice and plumber alike. An emphasis on creative layout and the importance of understanding code variations fosters an understanding of plumbing system installation that is based on typical situations as well as unique jobsite conditions.

Table of Contents

Preface	xix
Section 1 Tools and Materials	1	(114)
Plumber's Toolbox	3	(33)
Glossary of Terms	4	(1)
Hand Tools	5	(16)
Levels	5	(1)
Tape Measures	6	(1)
Squares	7	(1)
Screwdrivers	7	(1)
Pliers	8	(1)
Adjustable Wrenches	8	(1)
Pipe Wrenches	9	(1)
Hammers	10	(1)
Plastic Pipe Saw	10	(1)
Plastic Pipe Cutter	11	(1)
Inside Plastic Pipe Cutter	11	(1)
Metal Cutting Saw	12	(1)
Wallboard Saws	13	(1)
Aviation Snips	13	(1)
Nail Pullers	13	(1)
Knives	14	(1)
Chisels	15	(1)
Basin Wrench	15	(1)
Basket Strainer Tools	16	(1)
Copper Pipe Cutters (Tubing Cutters)	16	(1)
Copper Flaring Tool	17	(1)
Copper Tubing Bender	18	(1)
Torch Regulator Assembly	18	(1)
Flexible Pipe Crimping Tool	19	(1)
Plumb Bob	20	(1)
Chalk Box	20	(1)
Torque Wrench	21	(1)
Personal Protection Equipment	21	(4)
Eye Protection	21	(1)
Face Protection	22	(1)
Hand Protection	23	(1)
Knee Protection	23	(1)
Foot Protection	24	(1)
Inhalation Protection	24	(1)
First Aid Kit	24	(1)
Hard Hats	25	(1)
Summary	25	(1)
Procedures	26	(8)
Level Use	26	(2)
Ruler Reading	28	(1)
Folding Ruler Layout	29	(1)
Framing Square Layout	30	(1)
Pipe Wrench Use	31	(1)
Plastic Pipe Cutting	32	(1)
Basin Wrench Use	33	(1)
Review Questions	34	(2)
Power Tools	36	(22)
Glossary of Terms	37	(1)
General Safety	38	(3)
Electrical Safety	38	(1)
Ladder Safety	38	(2)
Fall Protection	40	(1)
Ear Protection	40	(1)
Drills	41	(3)
Right Angle Drill	41	(1)
Pistol Drill	42	(1)
Hole Hawg	42	(1)
Hammer Drill	43	(1)
Drill Bits	44	(4)
Twist Bits	44	(1)
Auger Bits	44	(1)
Speed Bits	45	(1)
Power Bore Bits	45	(1)
Hole Saw Bits	46	(1)
Masonry Bits	46	(1)
Step Bits	47	(1)
Saws	48	(2)
Reciprocating Saws	48	(1)
Circular Saws	48	(1)
Saber Saws	49	(1)
Portable Band Saws	50	(1)
Grinders	50	(1)
Powder-Actuated Tool	51	(1)
Air Compressors	52	(1)
Jackhammers	52	(1)
Summary	52	(1)
Procedures	53	(3)
Hole Saw Finished Surface Drilling	53	(1)
Saw Blade Selection	54	(1)
Thrust Cut	55	(1)
Review Questions	56	(2)
Types of Pipe	58	(14)
Glossary of Terms	59	(1)
Pipe Diameters	60	(1)
Plastic Pipe	60	(5)
PVC Pipe	61	(1)
CPVC Pipe	62	(1)
ABS Pipe	63	(1)
Polyethylene Pipe	63	(1)
PEX Pipe	64	(1)
Other Pipe Materials	65	(4)
Copper Tube	65	(1)
Cast Iron Pipe	66	(1)
Steel Pipe	67	(1)
Brass Pipe	68	(1)
Perforated Pipe	68	(1)
Corrugated Stainless Steel Tube	69	(1)
Summary	69	(1)
Review Questions	70	(2)
Fittings	72	(24)
Glossary of Terms	73	(1)
Degree of Fittings	74	(1)
Various Fitting Designs	74	(5)
Offsets	75	(1)
Tees	75	(1)
Coupling	76	(1)
Reducers	76	(1)
Bushing	77	(1)
Male Adapter	78	(1)
Female Adapter	78	(1)
Unions	79	(1)
Water Distribution	79	(4)
Water Distribution Fittings	80	(1)
PEX	80	(1)
CPVC	81	(1)
Copper	81	(1)
Polyethylene	82	(1)
Galvanized and Brass	82	(1)
PVC	83	(1)
Drainage, Waste, and Vent	83	(8)
Wye	84	(1)
Combo	85	(1)
Sanitary Tee	85	(1)
Sanitary Cross	86	(1)
Twin Elbow	86	(1)
Test Tee	87	(1)
Cleanout	87	(1)
Closet Bend	87	(1)
Heel Inlet 90°	88	(1)
Closet Flange	88	(1)
P-trap	89	(1)
Trap Adapter	89	(1)
PVC	90	(1)
ABS	90	(1)
Cast Iron	90	(1)
Summary	91	(1)
Procedures	92	(2)
Tee Size Identification Procedure	92	(1)
Insert Reducing-Tee Creation Procedure	93	(1)
Review Questions	94	(2)
Valves and Devices	96	(19)
Glossary of Terms	97	(1)
Isolation Valves	98	(5)
Ball Valve	99	(1)
Gate Valve	99	(1)
Stop	100	(2)
Stop and Waste	102	(1)
Gas Cock	102	(1)
Hose Outlets	103	(1)
Boiler Drain	103	(1)
Hose Bibb	103	(1)
Reactionary Valves and Devices	104	(6)
Pressure-Reducing Valve	106	(1)
Relief Valves	107	(1)
Check Valve	107	(1)
Vacuum Breaker	108	(1)
Vacuum Relief Valve	109	(1)
Reduced-Pressure Zone	109	(1)
Summary	110	(2)
Review Questions	112	(3)
Section 2 Fixtures and Equipment	115	(76)
Fixtures	117	(18)
Glossary of Terms	118	(1)
Fixture Types	119	(13)
Toilets	119	(3)
Lavatory Sinks	122	(1)
Bathtubs	123	(1)
Showers	124	(3)
Kitchen Sinks	127	(1)
Laundry Sinks	128	(3)
Bidets	131	(1)
Summary	132	(1)
Review Questions	133	(2)
Faucets and Drain Assemblies	135	(27)
Glossary of Terms	136	(1)
Faucets	137	(13)
Lavatory Faucets	138	(1)
Bathtub and Shower Faucets	139	(4)
Kitchen Sink Faucets	143	(3)
Laundry Sink Faucets	146	(3)
Bidet Faucets	149	(1)
Drain Assemblies	150	(9)
Lavatory Drain Assemblies	150	(1)
Bathtub Drain Assemblies	151	(3)
Shower Drains	154	(1)
Kitchen Sink Basket Strainer	155	(1)
Laundry Sink Basket Strainer	156	(1)
Bidet Drain Assembly	157	(2)
Summary	159	(1)
Review Questions	160	(2)
Plumbing Equipment and Appliances	162	(29)
Glossary of Terms	163	(1)
Appliance Connections	164	(6)
Garbage Disposers	164	(3)
Dishwashers	167	(1)
Washing Machine Box	168	(1)
Icemaker Box	169	(1)
Residential Water Heaters	170	(12)
Gas Water Heaters	170	(8)
Electric Water Heaters	178	(4)
Solar Water Heater	182	(1)
System Protection	183	(5)
Lined Pipe Nipples	183	(3)
Anode Rod	186	(1)
Expansion Tanks	187	(1)
Summary	188	(1)
Review Questions	189	(2)
Section 3 Layout and Installation	191	(254)
Blueprint Reading and Drafting	193	(34)
Glossary of Terms	194	(1)
Plumbing Symbols	195	(7)
90-Degree Offsets	195	(1)
45-Degree Offsets	195	(1)
Tees	196	(1)
Perpendicular Tee Configuration	197	(1)
P-trap	198	(1)
Piping	198	(1)
Cap, Reducer, and Plugs	198	(1)
Valves and Devices	199	(1)
Fixtures	200	(2)
Equipment and Drains	202	(1)
Abbreviations	202	(4)
Architectural Blueprints	206	(6)
Architectural Symbols	207	(5)
Drafting	212	(1)
Drafting Tools	213	(6)
Scale Ruler	213	(2)
Drafting Triangles	215	(2)
Symbol Templates	217	(1)
Drafting Paper	217	(2)
Isometric Drafting	219	(5)
Riser Diagrams	220	(4)
Summary	224	(1)
Review Questions	225	(2)
Material Organization and Layout	227	(23)
Glossary of Terms	228	(1)
Communication	229	(1)
Written Communication	229	(1)
Oral Communication	229	(1)
Material Organization	230	(2)
Palletizing	230	(1)
Bagging and Tagging	230	(2)
Material Handling	232	(2)
Vehicle Racks	233	(1)
Layout	234	(1)
Underground Layout	235	(4)
Wall Layout	236	(2)
Trench Layout	238	(1)
Above-ground Layout	239	(6)
Fixture Locations	240	(1)
Floor Joist Conflicts	240	(1)
Wall Layout	241	(2)
Manufacturer Rough-in Sheet	243	(2)
Summary	245	(1)
Procedures	246	(2)
Edge Form Layout Procedure	246	(2)
Review Questions	248	(2)
Water Service Installation	250	(21)
Glossary of Terms	251	(1)
Water Source	252	(3)
Public Water System	253	(1)
Private Water System	254	(1)
EPA Standards	255	(2)
Water Quality	255	(1)
Water Filtration	256	(1)
Water Service Installation	257	(9)
Trench Safety	258	(2)
Burial-Depth Requirements	260	(1)
Water Meter Connection	260	(1)
Well Connection	261	(2)
House Connection	263	(1)
Same Trench with Sewer	263	(2)
Same Elevation	265	(1)
Different Elevation	266	(1)
Perpendicular Installation	266	(1)
Summary	266	(1)
Procedures	267	(2)
Installing a Water Service in the Same Trench as a Sewer	267	(2)
Review Questions	269	(2)
Water Distribution Installation	271	(54)
Glossary of Terms	272	(1)
Layout and Sizing	273	(8)
Pipe Sizing	273	(1)
Sizing Theory	274	(1)
Job Site Sizing	274	(1)
Wall Layout	275	(1)
Toilets	276	(1)
Lavatory	276	(2)
Bathtubs	278	(1)
Showers	279	(1)
Kitchen Sinks	280	(1)
Drilling and Notching	281	(6)
Walls	282	(2)
Joists	284	(3)
Hangers and Supports	287	(8)
Types	287	(8)
Compounds and Sealants	295	(7)
Material Safety Data Sheets	295	(1)
Sealants	295	(1)
Flux and Solder	296	(1)
Soldering	296	(1)
Brazing	297	(1)
Flaring	298	(1)
Working with Flexible Tubing	299	(1)
Manifold Systems	299	(1)
Connection Types	300	(1)
Working with Plastic Pipe	301	(1)
Cutting	301	(1)
Solvent-Welding	301	(1)
Testing	302	(2)
Summary	304	(1)
Procedures	305	(18)
Determining the Volume of Different Pipe Sizes	305	(2)
Determining Percentages of a Hole Diameter and Notch	307	(2)
Using Teflon Tape	309	(1)
Soldering Copper	310	(4)
Brazing	314	(2)
Flaring Copper Tubing	316	(4)
Solvent Welding	320	(3)
Review Questions	323	(2)
Drainage, Waste, and Vent Segments and Sizing	325	(48)
Glossary of Terms	326	(2)
Introduction	328	(1)
Major Segments of a DWV System	328	(2)
Building Sewer	329	(1)
Building Drain	329	(1)
Waste Stack	329	(1)
Stack Vent	330	(1)
Vent Stack	330	(1)
Cleanout	330	(1)
Minor Segments of a DWV System	330	(5)
Fixture Drain	330	(2)
Fixture Branch	332	(1)
Horizontal Branch	332	(1)
Individual Vent	332	(1)
Branch Vent	332	(1)
Circuit Vent	333	(1)
Loop Vent	333	(1)
Relief Vent	334	(1)
Special Venting Arrangements	335	(21)
Wet Venting	336	(1)
Combination Waste and Vent	336	(1)
Island Venting	337	(1)
DWV Sizing	337	(5)
Fixture Drain Sizing	342	(1)
Fixture Branch and Horizontal Branch Sizing	342	(2)
Waste Stack Sizing	344	(2)
Building Drain and Sewer Sizing	346	(1)
Stack Vent and Vent Stack Sizing	346	(2)
Individual Vent Sizing	348	(2)
Branch Vent Sizing	350	(1)
Circuit and Loop-Vent Sizing	350	(2)
Wet-Vent Sizing	352	(1)
Air Admittance Valve Sizing	352	(2)
Island-Vent Sizing	354	(2)
Trap Distance	356	(1)
Septic Systems	357	(3)
Summary	360	(1)
Procedures	361	(9)
Positioning Cleanouts at Base of Stacks	361	(2)
Unlisted Fixture Sizing	363	(1)
Continuous Waste	364	(1)
Vent Stack and Building Drain Connection	365	(1)
Vent-stack and Waste-stack Connection	366	(1)
Island Vent	367	(2)
Crown Venting	369	(1)
Review Questions	370	(3)
Drainage, Waste, and Vent Installation	373	(36)
Glossary of Terms	374	(1)
Layout Considerations	375	(18)
Scope of Work	376	(1)
Guest Bathroom Layout	376	(1)
Kitchen Sink Layout	377	(1)
Master Bathroom	378	(1)
Hall Bathroom	379	(1)
Laundry Room	380	(1)
Building Drain	381	(1)
Venting System	381	(3)
Fixture Rough-In	384	(1)
Toilets	385	(1)
Lavatory	386	(2)
Bathtub	388	(2)
Kitchen Sink	390	(2)
Washing Machine	392	(1)
Shower Pan	393	(1)
Hangers and Supports	393	(1)
Pipe Protection	394	(2)
Connection to Dissimilar Pipe	396	(1)
Testing DWV Systems	397	(4)
Summary	401	(1)
Procedures	402	(5)
Vent Through Roof Layout Procedure	402	(1)
Shower Pan Liner Installation Procedure	403	(3)
Using Wood for Pipe Support	406	(1)
Review Questions	407	(2)
Fixture and Equipment Installation	409	(36)
Glossary of Terms	410	(1)
Escutcheons and Stops	411	(2)
Toilets	413	(3)
Lavatories	416	(2)
Kitchen Sinks	418	(2)
Dishwashers	420	(1)
Laundry Sink	420	(1)
Bidet	421	(1)
Water Heaters	422	(1)
Electric Water Heaters	423	(1)
Gas Water Heaters	424	(1)
Summary	425	(1)
Procedures	426	(16)
Escutcheon and Stop Installation onto a Copper Stub-Out Pipe	426	(3)
Installing a Two-Piece Toilet	429	(3)
Cultured-Marble Lavatory Faucet and Drain Installations	432	(6)
Installing a Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink into a Countertop	438	(4)
Review Questions	442	(3)
Section 4 Troubleshooting	445	(84)
Plumbing Repairs and Troubleshooting	447	(41)
Glossary of Terms	448	(1)
Electric Water Heaters	449	(1)
High-Limit Device	449	(1)
Upper Thermostat	450	(1)
Lower Thermostat	451	(1)
Heating Elements	452	(1)
Electrical Source	453	(1)
Electrical Tests	454	(3)
Gas Water Heaters	457	(2)
Well Pumps	459	(7)
Toilets	466	(2)
Summary	468	(1)
Procedures	469	(17)
Water Heater Draining	469	(2)
Screw-In Element Replacement	471	(2)
Thermocouple Replacement	473	(1)
Gas Regulator Replacement	474	(2)
Pressure Switch Replacement	476	(3)
Expansion/Storage Tank Replacement	479	(2)
Ballcock Replacement	481	(2)
Flush Valve Replacement	483	(3)
Review Questions	486	(2)
Hydronic Heat	488	(41)
Glossary of Terms	489	(2)
Theory of Hydronic Heating Systems	491	(17)
The Heat Source	491	(1)
Aquastat	492	(1)
Reset	492	(1)
Low-Water Cutoff	493	(1)
Expansion Tank	493	(3)
Centrifugal Pumps	496	(2)
Air Vents and Air Separators	498	(1)
Pressure-Reducing Valve (Water-Regulating Valve)	498	(3)
Pressure Relief Valve	501	(1)
Zone Valves	501	(1)
Flow-Control Valve	502	(1)
Balancing Valves	503	(1)
Series Loop System	503	(1)
One-Pipe System	503	(3)
Two-Pipe Direct Return	506	(1)
Two-Pipe Reverse Return	507	(1)
Primary-Secondary Pumping	508	(3)
Primary-Secondary Common Piping	508	(1)
Primary-Secondary Circuit Piping	508	(1)
The Circulator Pumps	509	(2)
Mixing Valves in Primary-Secondary Pumping	511	(1)
Expansion Tanks in Primary-Secondary Systems	511	(1)
Radiant Heating Systems	511	(7)
The Human Body Is a Radiator	511	(1)
Cold 70	512	(1)
What Is Ideal Comfort?	512	(1)
The Radiant System	513	(1)
Radiant Heating Piping	514	(2)
Tubing	516	(1)
Manifold Station	516	(1)
Water Temperature and Direct Piping	517	(1)
Installing and Starting the Hydronic System	518	(2)
Installing the Boiler	518	(1)
Installing the Piping	519	(1)
Wiring the System	519	(1)
Filling the System	520	(1)
Firing the System	520	(1)
Summary	520	(1)
Procedures	521	(4)
Estimating the Volume of Water in the System, Assuming That Type M Copper Piping is Used	521	(1)
Sample Calculations for Estimating Volume of Water in the System	522	(1)
Calculating the Minimum Volume, Vt, for the Expansion Tank	523	(1)
Filling and Purging the System	524	(1)
Review Questions	525	(4)
Glossary	529	(6)
Index	535