The Risk in Crime

by Kennedy, Leslie W.; Brunschot, Van Erin Gibbs

• ISBN13: 9781442200531
• ISBN10: 1442200537
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2009-11-16
• Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Summary

The Risk in Crime is an investigation of how risk has been dealt with in crime theories and the usefulness of this concept in connecting crime perspectives together; the ways in which risk is embedded in the evolution of crime; and how we might use the concept of risk to prevent crime and victimization.

Author Biography

Leslie W. Kennedy is University Professor of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University. Erin Gibbs Van Brunschot is associate professor of sociology at the University of Calgary.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. ix
Introducing Risk	p. 1
Calculating Crime Risk	p. 1
Calculating Law Enforcement Risk	p. 4
Calculating Societal Risk	p. 7
A Framework of the Three Stages of Risk	p. 8
Summing Up	p. 11
Risk and Precursors to Crime	p. 13
Surveillance (General/State)	p. 14
Quality of Life Policing (General/Institution)	p. 20
Fear (General/Individual)	p. 28
Public Security (Specific/State)	p. 33
Situational Crime Prevention (Specific/Institution)	p. 41
Criminal Careers (Specific/Individual)	p. 44
Summing Up	p. 47
Crime Transactions	p. 49
Crime Waves (General/State)	p. 49
Managing Threat Information (General/Institution)	p. 52
Data Fusion Centers and Security Networks	p. 56
Operation Ceasefire	p. 60
Multiple Victimization (General/Individual)	p. 63
Crime Rates (Specific/State)	p. 68
Hot Spots (Specific/Institution)	p. 69
Scripts (Specific/Individual)	p. 77
Summing Up	p. 80
The Aftermath	p. 83
Looking Back to See the Future	p. 83
Crime Trends and Statistics (General/State)	p. 84
The Story of CompStat (General/Institution)	p. 89
Punishment	p. 92
Consequentialism	p. 93
The Problem of Consequentialism and Risk	p. 94
Nonconsequentialism	p. 96
Hate Crime (General/Individual)	p. 97
Border Control (Specific/State)	p. 103
Offender Registries (Specific/Institution)	p. 104
Dealing with Hazards in the Aftermath: Offenders	p. 110
Domestic Violence (Specific/Individual)	p. 111
Summing Up	p. 115
Revisiting the Risk in Crime Matrix	p. 116
Integrating Risk	p. 121
Integrating Approaches to Risk in Crime	p. 122
Introducing the ACTION Model	p. 124
A Case Study	p. 126
Risk Assessment	p. 127
Assessing Uncertainties, Threats, and Hazards	p. 127
Uncertainty	p. 128
Hazards and Threats	p. 130
Making Connections	p. 133
Exposure	p. 133
Vulnerability	p. 136
Causation	p. 139
Setting Tasks to Respond and Prevent	p. 141
Prevention, Preparedness, and Response	p. 141
Collecting Information about the Event	p. 142
Evaluation	p. 142
Refining the Organization	p. 143
Notifying Others	p. 144
Creating Awareness and Risk Communication	p. 144
A Caveat: Ethical Concerns in Using Risk Measures	p. 145
Another Caveat: Risk Balance and "Acceptable Risk"	p. 146
Choice	p. 147
Decision Making	p. 148
Cooperation	p. 148
Planning	p. 148
Institutional Learning	p. 149
Communication	p. 149
Summing Up	p. 150
References	p. 151
Index	p. 161
About the Authors	p. 169
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