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9780073010304

School Leadership and Administration: Important Concepts, Case Studies, and Simulations

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780073010304

  • ISBN10:

    0073010308

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2006-05-09
  • Publisher: McGraw-Hill Europe
  • View Upgraded Edition
  • Purchase Benefits
List Price: $83.80

Summary

This text helps prospective and experienced principals, administrators, and supervisors increase their knowledge and skills through concepts, case-studies, and simulations. Part I presents important theoretical concepts and research findings that, adequately understood and appropriately applied, can improve educators' problem-solving and leadership effectiveness. Part II consists of over 65 reality-based case studies, "In-Basket Exercises," simulations, and role-plays to illustrate problems and issues. The case studies, simulations, and exercises stimulate class discussion and reflection on key issues facing today's school administrator and offer guidelines for thoughtful problem-solving and resolution.

Table of Contents

Preface xii
Meet the Authors xv
PART ONE Major Concepts in Administration and the Social Sciences
1(206)
Introduction
2(1)
ISLLC Standards
3(1)
Leadership
4(21)
Definitions and Need for Leadership
5(3)
Individuals Can Lead; Groups Can Lead
5(1)
Empowerment
5(1)
Administrators, Managers, and Leaders
6(1)
Why Leadership Has Become So Important
7(1)
Window on Diversity: Leadership
8(1)
Seminal Studies in Leadership and Types of Leadership
9(3)
Trait Studies
9(1)
Behavior Studies
9(3)
Situational Leadership and Contingency Models
12(2)
Path-Goal Theory
13(1)
Today's Effective Leaders
14(2)
Transformational Leadership
15(1)
Group Leadership
16(4)
The Group Dynamics Approach
16(1)
Recognizing Possible Group Problems
16(1)
Group Members Must Feel Valued
17(1)
Group Members Must Share Goals
18(1)
Group Members Must Have a Spirit of Cooperation and Teamwork
18(1)
The Need for Mutual Trust
18(1)
Effects of Group Size
19(1)
Importance of Both Common and Diverse Backgrounds and Interests
19(1)
Leadership in Group Meetings
20(1)
A Final Note
20(1)
Notes
21(4)
Decision Making
25(36)
The Nature of Decision Making
26(3)
Rational Model
26(1)
Shared Decision Making
27(1)
Strategic Decision Making
28(1)
Window on Diversity: Decision Making
29(4)
Differentiated or Situational Decision Making
31(1)
Contributions of Decision-Making Theories
32(1)
The Process of Decision Making: Important Concepts and Steps
33(7)
Site-Based Management
33(1)
The Importance of Understanding Decision Making as a Process
34(1)
Defining the Situation
34(1)
Identifying the Alternatives
35(1)
Assessing the Alternatives
36(2)
Selecting a Desirable Alternative
38(1)
Implementing the Decision
38(2)
Constraints and Values
40(11)
Situational Constraints
41(1)
Personal Variables
42(1)
Involving Others
43(1)
Variables Influencing Extent of Involvement
44(1)
Involvement Considerations
45(1)
Involvement Prerequisites
46(1)
Levels of Involvement
46(3)
Types of Involvement
49(2)
Prerequisites for Success
51(1)
Assessing Decision-Making Effectiveness
52(3)
A Final Note
55(1)
Notes
55(6)
Authority, Power, and Influence
61(25)
What Legitimates Authority?
61(1)
Two Competing Bases of Authority
62(1)
Sources That Grant and Limit Authority
63(2)
Factors to Consider in Exercising Authority
65(4)
Negative Reactions
65(1)
Responding to Negative Reactions to Authority
66(1)
Diagnosing the Problem through Discussion
67(1)
Examining How Authority Was Exercised
67(1)
Dealing with Insubordination
67(1)
Gaining Compliance from Resisters
68(1)
Guidelines for Exercising Authority Successfully
68(1)
Administrative Power
69(4)
Power-as-Securing Compliance versus Power as Empowerment
69(1)
Types of Power
69(3)
Power Sharing and Teacher Empowerment
72(1)
Empowering Teachers
72(1)
Window on Diversity: Authority, Power, and Influence
73(3)
Types of Influence
76(5)
Some Qualities of Effective Leadership
76(1)
Influence, Power, and Authority Contrasted
76(1)
Referent Influence
77(1)
Reward Influence
78(2)
Expertise as a Basis of Influence
80(1)
A Final Note
81(1)
Notes
81(5)
Communication
86(27)
Communication: The Administrator's Multiple Roles
87(1)
Sending, Receiving, Monitoring, and Seeking
87(1)
The Administrator as a Communicator
88(6)
The Purpose of the Message
88(1)
Intended Audience---and Why Some Messages Go Unheard
88(3)
The Sender of the Message
91(2)
Motivating through Effective Communication
93(1)
Window on Diversity: Communication
94(6)
The Content of the Message
94(2)
Communication Channels
96(3)
The Need for Feedback
99(1)
Communicating with the Public
99(1)
Public Speaking
100(1)
The Administrator as a Recipient of Communication
100(3)
Examining Messages
101(1)
Listening Effectively
101(2)
The Administrator as a Monitor of Communication
103(3)
Setting a Positive Tone
103(1)
Communication Networks Outside the School
103(1)
School Secretaries as Communicators
104(1)
Department Chairs and Unit Leaders as Communicators
105(1)
Community Leaders as Communicators
105(1)
The Administrator as a Seeker of Communication
106(1)
Encouraging Communication at Every Level
107(1)
Expanding Information Sources
107(1)
Sharing Experiences and Networking
108(1)
Notes
108(5)
Conflict Management
113(36)
Role Concepts
114(1)
Role Expectations of Individuals and Groups
115(3)
Direction
116(1)
Clarity
116(1)
Intensity
117(1)
The Nature of Role Conflict
118(1)
Intra-Role Conflict
118(1)
Extra-Role Conflict
118(1)
Window on Diversity: Conflict Management
119(6)
Other Types of Role Conflicts
125(1)
Consequences of Role Conflict
125(1)
Prevention of Role Conflict
126(1)
Clearly Stated Job Descriptions
126(1)
Careful Personnel Selection and Guidance
126(1)
Personality, Leadership Style, and Equity Issues
127(1)
Four Sources of Social Conflict in Schools
127(1)
Conflict Initiation
128(1)
An Approach to Conflict Resolution
129(1)
Other Approaches to Conflict Management
130(2)
Four Ways of Dealing with Conflict
130(1)
Power Struggle Bargaining
131(1)
Conflict Avoidance Methods
132(1)
Problem-Solving Approach
132(6)
Early Identification
133(1)
Diagnosis and the Importance of Trust
134(1)
Fact Finding
135(1)
Developing an Integrative Solution
136(1)
Developing a Basis for Compromise
136(1)
The Counterproposal
137(1)
Arbitration
138(1)
Evaluation of Conflict Management Efforts
138(1)
Further Observations on Conflict Resolution
139(1)
When Conflict Turns Violent
140(4)
Zero Tolerance
140(1)
Other Strategies for Preventing School Violence
141(1)
Resources to Help in Violence Prevention
142(2)
Notes
144(5)
Organizational Culture
149(24)
Major Elements of Organizational Culture
150(3)
Values and Ideals
151(1)
Norms
151(1)
Expectations
151(1)
Sanctions
151(1)
Communication through Symbolism
152(1)
Symbolic Activity through Behavioral Example
152(1)
Cultural Elements of an Effective School
153(3)
A Positive Organizational Culture
153(1)
Emphasis on Academic Effort and Achievement
153(1)
Belief That All Students Can Achieve
154(1)
Ongoing Faculty Development and Innovation
154(1)
A Safe and Orderly Learning Environment
155(1)
How an Effective School Culture Benefits Students
155(1)
The Administrator's Role in School Culture
156(5)
Enhancing School Culture
157(1)
Subcultures and Countercultures
157(1)
Promoting Values, Respecting Diversity
157(1)
Challenges in Shaping School Culture
158(2)
Keeping the School's Mission in the Public Eye
160(1)
Window on Diversity: Organizational Culture
161(1)
Communication: A Tool for Shaping Culture
161(1)
School Climate
162(4)
Measuring School Climate
163(2)
Why Climate Is Important
165(1)
A Final Note
166(1)
Notes
167(6)
School Improvement
173(34)
Premises Guiding the Change Rationale
174(1)
Pressures for Change
174(2)
National Reports
174(1)
Change Decreed by States
175(1)
Why Change Efforts Fail and What Can Be Done
175(1)
Professional Development for Leadership
176(2)
Preparing Teachers for School Improvement
176(1)
Preparing Principals and Other Administrators for School Improvement
176(1)
Federal and State Mandates Are Not Enough
177(1)
Needed Leadership for Change
178(2)
School Improvement Committees
178(1)
Principals and Implementation of Innovation
179(1)
The Process of Change
180(6)
Initial Considerations
181(2)
Important Reference Groups
183(1)
Adoption of the Innovation
184(2)
Resistance to Change
186(3)
Two Kinds of Forces: Facilitating and Restraining
186(1)
Factors behind Resistance
187(2)
Facilitating the Introduction of Change
189(3)
Reasons for Unsuccessful Innovations
190(1)
More Reasons for Failure in Attempts at Innovation
190(1)
What Administrators Can Learn from Failed Attempts at Change
191(1)
Postimplementation Problems
192(2)
Burnout
192(1)
Negative Media Coverage
193(1)
Funding Reduction or Loss of Other Resources
193(1)
Coping with Problems
193(1)
Window on Diversity: School Improvement
194(1)
Formative and Summative Evaluation
194(2)
Formative Evaluation
194(1)
Summative Evaluation
195(1)
Reform Movements
196(4)
Coalition of Essential Schools
196(1)
School-to-Career Movement
197(1)
Site-Based Management
197(1)
Best Practice Project
198(1)
The Charter School Movement
198(1)
Comer School Development Program
198(1)
Comprehensive School Reform
198(1)
Other Reform Movements
199(1)
A Cautionary Note
199(1)
The ``Time Zones'' of Change
200(1)
A Final Note
200(1)
Notes
201(6)
PART TWO Case Studies and Simulations
207
Introduction to Clinical Materials and Learning Experiences
208(25)
The Nature of Case Studies
208(1)
Sample Case Study: Who Decides the Nature of Instruction?
209(7)
Suggested Learning Activities
211(1)
Utilizing the Suggested Learning Activities
212(4)
Anticipated Problems in Case Studies
216(3)
The Nature of In-Basket Exercises and Priority Setting
219(9)
How In-Basket Exercises Differ from Case Studies
219(1)
Guidelines for Priority Setting
219(4)
In-Basket Problem Solving
223(2)
Step One: Problem Definition
225(1)
Step Two: Identification of Alternatives
225(1)
Step Three: Evaluating Each Alternative before Selecting the Most Desirable One
226(1)
Step Four: Setting Objectives for the Course of Action Selected
226(1)
Step Five: Description of Proposed Implementation
226(1)
Step Six: Identification of Follow-Up Steps
226(2)
A Final Note
228(4)
Notes
232(1)
Beginning Challenges
233(28)
Preparing for the Job Search
234(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
235(1)
From Teacher to Administrator
236(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
236(1)
The New Principal (In-Basket Activities)
237(7)
Background
237(1)
Instructions
238(6)
The New Assistant Principal (In-Basket Activities)
244(6)
Background
244(1)
Instructions
244(6)
Resentment Over Appointment
250(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
251(1)
Why Does a Woman Need to Act Like a Man?
252(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
253(1)
Gimme That Old-Time Discipline
254(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
256(1)
Is Being Busy Necessarily Productive?
257(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
259(2)
Student Problems
261(27)
School Yard Dangers
262(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
263(2)
The Underachiever
265(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
265(1)
What Should Be the Role of the Student Newspaper?
266(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
268(1)
A Complex Discipline Problem
269(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
270(2)
The Dropout Problem (Simulation Exercise)
272(1)
Background and Instructions
272(1)
Student Can't Take Pressure Any Longer
272(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
274(1)
An Issue of Morals and Priorities
275(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
276(1)
``Zero Tolerance'' for Weapons in Schools
277(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
278(1)
Student Drug Problem at Washington School
279(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
281(2)
Do Extreme Times Call for Radical Action? (A Leaderless Group Activity)
283(1)
Background
283(1)
Instructions
283(1)
A Different Kind of ``Drug'' Problem
284(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
285(3)
Administrator-Staff Relationships
288(31)
Teacher Selection
289(2)
Background Information on Mr. Timm
289(1)
Background Information on Ms. Goldstein
289(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
290(1)
Problems of a Beginning Teacher
291(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
292(1)
Faculty Teamwork
293(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
294(1)
Who Needs Lesson Plans?
295(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
296(1)
Conflict Over Teacher Citizenship Rights
297(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
299(1)
Faculty Dissatisfaction and Low Morale
300(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
302(1)
Teacher Files a Grievance
303(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
305(1)
Teacher Reacts Negatively to Personnel Evaluation
306(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
308(1)
Faculty Slowdown
309(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
311(1)
Do Women Have Power?
312(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
313(1)
Collaboration Woes
314(5)
Suggested Learning Activities
316(3)
School-Community Relations
319(37)
Curriculum Unit Upsets Parents
320(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
322(1)
Communication and Constructed Reality
323(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
324(1)
Parental Apathy
324(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
325(1)
Wanted: A Plan for Improving Parental and Community Involvement
326(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
328(1)
The School-Community Web
329(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
330(1)
Developing Student Talent
331(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
333(1)
A New Role for the Parents' Organization
334(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
335(1)
How Much Should Parents Be Told?
336(5)
Suggested Learning Activities
339(2)
Administrator-Press Relations
341(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
344(1)
Public Relations: What's Really Important?
345(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
347(1)
Censorship? or Parents' Rights?
347(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
350(1)
Financial Crisis!
351(5)
Suggested Learning Activities
353(3)
Role and Organizational Problems
356(28)
Principal's Midyear Problems and Priorities (In-Basket Activities)
356(7)
Background
356(1)
Instructions
357(6)
Principal's End-of-the-Year Problems and Priorities (In-Basket Activities)
363(6)
Background
363(1)
Instructions
363(6)
Principal's Dilemma
369(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
371(1)
Principal's Personal Conduct Results in Possible Suspension
372(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
372(1)
Intraorganizational Role Conflict
373(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
375(1)
Supervisor-Principal Relationship
376(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
377(1)
The Superintendent and the New School Board Members
378(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
379(1)
Administrator Evaluation
380(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
381(3)
Social Justice Issues
384(27)
Can Total School Integration Be Achieved?
384(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
385(1)
Minority Parents Are Dissatisfied with Integration
386(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
388(1)
We Want Neighborhood Schools Too!
389(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
390(1)
Metropolitan Integration
391(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
391(1)
Parents Detect Racial Disparity
392(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
393(1)
Teacher Difficulty in a Multicultural Climate
394(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
396(1)
Matter of What?
397(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
398(1)
Do (Should) We Treat Them All Alike?
399(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
400(1)
Ideas on Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Idea)
401(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
403(1)
Student-Formed Gay-Straight Alliance
404(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
406(1)
Inclusion of Special Needs Students
407(4)
Suggested Learning Activities
408(3)
Problems of Change
411
Teacher Tries to Individualize Instruction
411(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
413(1)
Effective Schools: How Do We Get There From Here? (A Group Activity)
414(1)
Background
414(1)
Instructions
414(1)
Planning for Improvement
415(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
416(1)
School-Based Management
417(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
418(1)
Restructuring Staff Evaluation and Supervision
419(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
421(1)
Changing the Role of the Building Principal
422(3)
Suggested Learning Activities
424(1)
In-Service or Disservice Education? Part I
425(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
425(1)
In-Service or Disservice Education? Part II
426(5)
Suggested Learning Activities
430(1)
School Choice
431(1)
Suggested Learning Activities
431(1)
School District Chips Away at Computer Education Problems
432(2)
Suggested Learning Activities
433(1)
When NCLB Meets You at Your School Door
434
Suggested Learning Activities
436
Index 1

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