The Science of Reason: A Festschrift for Jonathan St B.T. Evans

by Manktelow; Ken

• ISBN13: 9781848720152
• ISBN10: 1848720157
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2010-11-19
• Publisher: Psychology Pres

Summary

This volume is a state-of-the-art survey of the psychology of reasoning, based around, and in tribute to, one of the field's most eminent figures: Jonathan St B.T. Evans.In this collection of cutting edge research, Evans' collaborators and colleagues review a wide range of important and developing areas of inquiry. These include biases in thinking, probabilistic and causal reasoning, people's use of 'if' sentences in arguments, the dual-process theory of thought, and the nature of human rationality. These foundational issues are examined from various angles and finally integrated in a concluding panoramic chapter written by Evans himself.The eighteen chapters, all written by leading international researchers, combine state-of the-art research with investigation into the most fundamental questions surrounding human mental life, such as:What is the architecture of the human mind?Are humans rational, and what is the nature of this rationality?How do we think hypothetically?The Science of Reason offers a unique combination of breadth, depth and integrative vision, making it an indispensable resource for researchers and students of human reason.

Author Biography

Ken Manktelow is Professor of Psychology at the University of Wolverhampton. David Over is Professor of Psychology at Durham University. Shira Elqayam is Senior Lecturer in Psychology at De Montfort University.

Table of Contents

List of figures	p. ix
List of tables	p. xi
List of contributors	p. xiii
Paradigms shift: Jonathan Evans and the science of reason	p. 1
Thinking and reasoning: Psychological approaches	p. 17
Solving natural syllogisms	p. 19
Probability evaluations, expectations, and choices	p. 37
Arguments in mind	p. 53
Facilitation and analogical transfer on a hypothetico-deductive reasoning task	p. 63
If	p. 91
Conditionals and disjunctions	p. 93
The truth about conditionals	p. 119
Uncertain deductive reasoning	p. 145
Thinking before you decide on the selection task: Matching bias requires analytical reasoning	p. 167
Dual processes in the development of the understanding of conditionals	p. 191
Dual processes and beyond	p. 217
Dual-process theories of thinking	p. 219
A conjunction of fallacies: What different types of causal conjunction error reveal about dual processes for thinking	p. 237
Scalar implicature: Inference, convention, and dual processes	p. 259
The dynamics of reasoning: Chronometric analysis and dual-process theories	p. 283
Methodological and theoretical issues in belief bias: Implications for dual-process theories	p. 309
Dual systems and dual processes but a single function	p. 339
Rationality and reasoning	p. 353
Individual differences as essential components of heuristics and biases research	p. 355
Grounded rationality: A relativist framework for normative rationality	p. 397
Perspectives on thinking and reasoning	p. 421
The psychology of reasoning: Reflections on four decades of research	p. 423
Author index	p. 445
Subject index	p. 455
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